Enactment amendment

Adopted at the 17th meeting of the 10th the NPC Standing Committee on August 28th, 2005, promulgated by Decree No.38 of the President of the People’s Republic of China on August 28th, 2005, and effective as of March 1st, 2006; According to the 29th meeting of the 11th the NPC Standing Committee on October 26th, 2012, promulgated by Decree No.67 of the President of the People’s Republic of China on October 26th, 2012, and implemented since January 1st, 2013, the Decision of the NPC Standing Committee on Amending the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Public Security Administration Punishment; Adopted by the 29th meeting of the 11th the NPC Standing Committee of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on October 26th, 2012, and shall come into force on January 1st, 2013.

Legal content

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of maintaining public order, ensuring public safety, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and standardizing and ensuring that public security organs and their people’s police perform their duties of public security administration according to law.

Article 2 Whoever disturbs public order, impairs public safety, infringes upon personal rights and property rights, impairs social management and is socially harmful and constitutes a crime in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; If it is not serious enough for criminal punishment, the public security organ shall impose administrative penalties for public security in accordance with this law.

Article 3 The provisions of this Law shall apply to the procedures of administrative penalties for public security; Where there are no provisions in this law, the relevant provisions of the Administrative Punishment Law of the People’s Republic of China shall apply.

Article 4 This Law shall apply to acts that violate the administration of public security within the territory of People’s Republic of China (PRC), except as otherwise provided by law.

Unless otherwise specified by law, this Law shall apply to acts that violate the administration of public security on ships and aircraft in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

Fifth public security management punishment must be based on facts, and the nature, circumstances and social harm of violations of public security management are equivalent.

The implementation of public security management punishment should be open and fair, respect and protect human rights, and protect the personal dignity of citizens.

Handling public security cases should adhere to the principle of combining education with punishment.

Article 6 People’s governments at all levels shall strengthen the comprehensive management of social security and take effective measures to resolve social contradictions, enhance social harmony and maintain social stability.

Article 7 The public security department of the State Council is responsible for the administration of public security throughout the country. The public security organs of local people’s governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the administration of public security within their respective administrative areas.

The jurisdiction of public security cases shall be stipulated by the public security department of the State Council.

Article 8 If an act violating the administration of public security causes damage to others, the actor or his guardian shall bear civil liability according to law.

Article 9 The public security organ may mediate and handle minor acts that violate the administration of public security, such as fighting or damaging other people’s property caused by civil disputes. If the parties reach an agreement through mediation by the public security organ, they will not be punished. If the mediation fails to reach an agreement or fails to perform after reaching an agreement, the public security organ shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, punish the violator of public security administration and inform the parties concerned that they can bring a civil lawsuit to the people’s court in accordance with the law.

Chapter II Types and Application of Punishment

Tenth types of public security management punishment are divided into:

(1) warning;

(2) a fine;

(3) Administrative detention;

(4) Revoking the license issued by the public security organ.

Foreigners who violate the administration of public security may be additionally applied to leave the country within a time limit or be deported.

Article 11 contraband such as drugs and obscene articles, gambling paraphernalia, paraphernalia for taking or injecting drugs, and my own tools directly used to commit acts violating the administration of public security seized in handling public security cases shall be confiscated and dealt with according to regulations.

Property obtained in violation of public security administration shall be recovered and returned to the infringed person; If there are no infringers, they shall be registered, auctioned in public or disposed of in accordance with relevant state regulations, and the proceeds shall be turned over to the state treasury.

Twelfth people over the age of 14 but under the age of 18 who violate the administration of public security shall be given a lighter or mitigated punishment; Persons under the age of 14 who violate the administration of public security shall not be punished, but their guardians shall be ordered to strictly discipline them.

Thirteenth mental patients who violate the administration of public security when they can’t identify or control their own behavior shall not be punished, but their guardians shall be ordered to strictly guard and treat them. Intermittent mental patients who violate the administration of public security when they are mentally normal shall be punished.

Fourteenth blind or deaf and dumb people who violate the administration of public security may be given a lighter, mitigated or not punished.

Fifteenth drunken people who violate the administration of public security shall be punished.

If a drunken person is in danger to himself or threatens the personal, property or public safety of others, protective measures should be taken to restrain him until he wakes up.

Sixteenth there are two or more violations of public security management, decided separately, combined execution. If the punishment of administrative detention is combined, the longest time shall not exceed 20 days.

Seventeenth joint violations of public security management, according to the role of the violator in the violation of public security management, were punished.

Those who instigate, coerce or trick others into violating the administration of public security shall be punished according to their acts of instigation, coercion or deception.

Article 18 If a unit violates the administration of public security, the person directly in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of this Law. If other laws and administrative regulations provide for the punishment of the same act, the punishment shall be in accordance with its provisions.

Nineteenth violation of public security management in any of the following circumstances, mitigated punishment or no punishment:

(a) the circumstances are particularly minor;

(two) take the initiative to eliminate or mitigate the illegal consequences, and obtain the understanding of the infringed;

(3) Being coerced or deceived by others;

(four) voluntarily surrender, truthfully state their illegal acts to the public security organs;

(5) Having rendered meritorious service.

Twentieth violation of public security management in any of the following circumstances, shall be given a heavier punishment:

(1) Having serious consequences;

(2) instigating, coercing or tricking others into violating the administration of public security;

(three) to take revenge on informants, accusers, informants and witnesses;

(4) Having been punished by public security administration within 6 months.

Article 21 If an offender who violates the administration of public security is under any of the following circumstances and should be given administrative detention punishment according to this Law, the administrative detention punishment shall not be executed:

(a) has reached the age of 14 but under the age of 16;

(2) Having reached the age of 16 but under the age of 18, violating the administration of public security for the first time;

(three) more than 70 years old;

(four) pregnant or nursing their own baby under one year old.

Twenty-second violations of public security management have not been discovered by the public security organs within 6 months, and will not be punished.

The time limit prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be counted from the date of the violation of public security administration; If the violation of public security management has a continuous or continuous state, it shall be counted from the date of the end of the act.

Chapter III Acts and Penalties for Violation of Public Security Administration

Section 1 Acts and penalties for disturbing public order

Twenty-third one of the following acts, a warning or a fine of 200 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined for 500 yuan:

(1) Disrupting the order of organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions, resulting in work, production, business, medical treatment, teaching and scientific research not being carried out normally, but causing no serious losses;

(2) disturbing the order of stations, ports, docks, airports, shopping malls, parks, exhibition halls or other public places;

(3) disturbing the order on buses, trams, trains, ships, aircraft or other public transport;

(four) illegal interception or forced boarding, boarding motor vehicles, ships, aircraft and other means of transport, affecting the normal running of vehicles;

(5) Disrupting the election order conducted according to law.

Whoever gathers people to commit the acts mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may also be fined up to 1000 yuan.

Twenty-fourth any of the following acts, disrupting the order of large-scale mass activities such as culture and sports, shall be given a warning or a fine of not more than 200 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined for 500 yuan:

(a) forced to enter the venue;

(two) in violation of regulations, setting off fireworks or other items in the venue;

(three) display insulting slogans, banners and other items;

(4) Besieging referees, athletes or other staff members;

(five) throwing debris into the venue, not listening to stop;

(six) other acts that disrupt the order of large-scale mass activities.

Those who are punished by detention for disturbing the order of sports competitions may also be ordered not to enter sports venues to watch similar competitions within 12 months; Those who enter sports venues in violation of regulations are forcibly taken away from the scene.

Twenty-fifth anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined up to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan:

(a) spreading rumors, lying about dangerous situations, epidemic situations, police situations or deliberately disturbing public order by other means;

(2) Disrupting public order by throwing false explosive, toxic, radioactive and corrosive substances or infectious disease pathogens;

(3) Threatening to set fire, explode or throw dangerous substances to disturb public order.

Twenty-sixth one of the following acts, shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may be fined up to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may also be fined in 1000 yuan:

(a) gang fights;

(2) Chasing or intercepting others;

(three) extort or arbitrarily damage or occupy public or private property;

(four) other acts of provocation.

Twenty-seventh anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may also be fined up to 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are relatively minor, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined in 500 yuan:

(1) Organizing, instigating, coercing, cajoling or inciting others to engage in cult, cult or superstitious activities, disrupting social order and harming others’ health;

(two) using religion or qigong to disrupt social order and harm the health of others.

Article 28 Whoever, in violation of state regulations, intentionally interferes with the normal operation of radio services, or causes harmful interference to radio stations (stations) operating normally, refuses to take effective measures to eliminate them after being pointed out by the relevant competent departments, shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days.

Twenty-ninth anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be detained for less than 5 days; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days:

(a) in violation of state regulations, intrusion into the computer information system, causing harm;

(two) in violation of state regulations, delete, modify, increase or interfere with the functions of the computer information system, resulting in the computer information system can not operate normally;

(three) in violation of state regulations, the data and applications stored, processed and transmitted in the computer information system are deleted, modified or added;

(four) deliberately making and spreading destructive programs such as computer viruses, which affect the normal operation of computer information systems.

Section 2 Acts and Penalties for Disrupting Public Security

Article 30 Whoever, in violation of state regulations, manufactures, trades, stores, transports, mails, carries, uses, provides or disposes of explosive, toxic, radioactive and corrosive substances or infectious disease pathogens shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days.

Thirty-first explosive, toxic, radioactive, corrosive substances or infectious disease pathogens and other dangerous substances are stolen, robbed or lost, and they are not reported as required, and they are detained for up to five days; Those who deliberately conceal and fail to report shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days.

Article 32 Whoever illegally carries guns, ammunition, crossbows, daggers and other control devices prescribed by the state shall be detained for not more than five days and may also be fined not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, a warning or a fine of less than 200 yuan shall be imposed.

Whoever illegally carries guns, ammunition, crossbows, daggers and other state-regulated control devices into public places or public transport shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days, and may also be fined not more than 500 yuan.

Article 33 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days:

(a) theft, damage to oil and gas pipeline facilities, power telecommunications facilities, radio and television facilities, water conservancy and flood control engineering facilities or public facilities such as hydrological monitoring, measurement, meteorological forecasting, environmental monitoring, geological monitoring and earthquake monitoring;

(2) moving or damaging boundary markers, boundary markers and other border signs, border facilities or territorial and territorial sea mark facilities on the national border;

(three) illegal activities that affect the direction of the national (frontier) boundary or the construction of facilities that hinder the management of the national (frontier) territory.

Article 34 Whoever steals, damages or moves aviation facilities in use without authorization or forcibly enters the cockpit of an aircraft shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days.

Those who use instruments and tools that may affect the normal function of the navigation system on the aircraft in use and do not listen to dissuasion shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Article 35 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days, and may also be fined not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan:

(a) theft, damage or unauthorized movement of railway facilities, equipment, locomotive and rolling stock parts or safety signs;

(two) placing obstacles on the railway line, or deliberately throwing objects at the train;

(three) digging holes and quarrying sand in railway lines, bridges and culverts;

(4) setting up crossings or level crossings privately on railway lines.

Thirty-sixth unauthorized access to the railway protection network or the train comes to walk on the railway line, sit and lie down, grab the railway, affecting traffic safety, be warned or fined up to 200 yuan.

Article 37 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for not more than 5 days or fined for not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined for 500 yuan:

(a) without approval, the installation and use of power grid, or the installation and use of power grid does not meet the safety requirements;

(two) in the construction of vehicles and pedestrians, there is no cover, fence and warning signs for ditches, wells and caves, or the cover, fence and warning signs are intentionally damaged or moved;

(three) theft, damage to road manhole covers, lighting and other public facilities.

Thirty-eighth large-scale mass activities such as culture and sports, in violation of relevant regulations, are in danger of safety accidents, and shall be ordered to stop activities and evacuate immediately; The organizer shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Article 39 Management personnel of hotels, restaurants, theaters, amusement parks, sports grounds, exhibition halls or other places for public activities who violate safety regulations and cause the place to be in danger of safety accidents shall be detained for not more than five days after being ordered by the public security organ to make corrections.

Section 3 Acts and Penalties for Infringement of Personal and Property Rights

Fortieth whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are relatively minor, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan:

(1) Organizing, coercing or tricking people under the age of 16 or disabled people into performing horrible and cruel performances;

(2) forcing others to work by violence, threat or other means;

(3) Illegally restricting the personal freedom of others, illegally invading other people’s houses or illegally searching other people’s bodies.

Article 41 Whoever coerces, lures or uses others to beg shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days, and may also be fined not more than 1000 yuan.

Those who repeatedly pester, forcibly beg or beg in other ways that disturb others shall be detained for up to 5 days or given a warning.

Article 42 Anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be detained for not more than 5 days or fined for not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined for 500 yuan:

(1) writing threatening letters or threatening the personal safety of others by other means;

(2) publicly insulting others or fabricating facts to slander others;

(3) fabricating facts, falsely accusing and framing others, and attempting to subject others to criminal investigation or punishment by public security administration;

(4) Threatening, insulting, beating or retaliating against witnesses and their close relatives;

(5) sending obscene, insulting, intimidating or other information for many times to interfere with the normal life of others;

(six) voyeurism, sneak shots, eavesdropping, spreading the privacy of others.

Article 43 Whoever beats another person, or intentionally hurts another person’s body, shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days, and shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Under any of the following circumstances, he shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan:

(a) gang beating, hurting others;

(2) Beating or injuring a disabled person, a pregnant woman, a person under the age of 14 or a person over the age of 60;

(3) Beating or injuring others for many times or beating or injuring more than one person at a time.

Article 44 Whoever molests others, or intentionally exposes his body in public places, if the circumstances are bad, shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days; Whoever molests mentally disabled persons, mental patients, people under the age of 14 or has other serious circumstances shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days.

Article 45 Anyone who commits one of the following acts shall be detained for not more than five days or given a warning:

(1) maltreating a family member, and the abused person requests to deal with it;

(2) Abandoning a dependant who has no ability to live independently.

Article 46 Whoever buys or sells goods by force or forces others to provide services or force others to accept services shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and shall also be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Article 47 Whoever incites ethnic hatred or discrimination, or publishes ethnic discrimination or insults in publications or computer information networks shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days, and may also be fined not more than 1000 yuan.

Article 48 Whoever impersonates, conceals, destroys, opens or illegally checks other people’s mail without permission shall be detained for not more than five days or fined for not more than 500 yuan.

Article 49 Whoever steals, swindles, plunders, robs, extorts or intentionally damages public or private property shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days, and may also be fined not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may also be fined less than 1000 yuan.

Section 4 Acts and Penalties for Obstruction of Social Management

Fiftieth one of the following acts, a warning or a fine of 200 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined for 500 yuan:

(a) refusing to implement the decisions and orders issued by the people’s government in accordance with the law in case of emergency;

(two) hinder the staff of state organs to perform their duties according to law;

(3) Obstructing the passage of vehicles such as fire engines, ambulances, engineering rescue vehicles and police cars performing emergency tasks;

(four) forcibly breaking into the warning tape and the warning zone set up by the public security organs.

Whoever obstructs the people’s police from performing their duties according to law shall be given a heavier punishment.

Article 51 Whoever pretends to be a functionary of a state organ or swindles and swindles with other false identities shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days, and may also be fined not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Whoever impersonates military and police personnel to swindle and swindle shall be given a heavier punishment.

Article 52 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may also be fined up to 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are relatively minor, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and may also be fined in 500 yuan:

(1) Forging, altering or buying or selling official documents, certificates, certification documents and seals of state organs, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions or other organizations;

(2) buying, selling or using forged or altered official documents, certificates and supporting documents of state organs, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions or other organizations;

(3) Forging, altering or reselling tickets, boat tickets, air tickets, tickets for theatrical performances, tickets for sports competitions or other valuable tickets and vouchers;

(4) Forging or altering a ship’s registration plate, buying, selling or using a forged or altered ship’s registration plate, or altering a ship’s engine number.

Article 53 Where a ship enters or stops in waters or islands prohibited or restricted by the state without authorization, the person in charge of the ship and the relevant responsible personnel shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for less than 5 days and fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan.

Article 54 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan:

(a) in violation of state regulations, without registration, in the name of social organizations, but still carry out activities after being banned;

(2) A social organization whose registration has been revoked according to law still conducts activities in the name of a social organization;

(three) without permission, operating an industry that requires the permission of the public security organ in accordance with state regulations.

Any act mentioned in the third paragraph shall be banned.

If an operator who has obtained the license from the public security organ violates the relevant state regulations and the circumstances are serious, the public security organ may revoke the license.

Article 55 Whoever incites or plans an illegal assembly, procession or demonstration and does not listen to dissuasion shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days.

Article 56 Hotel workers who fail to register the names, types and numbers of identity documents of the staying passengers as required, or who knowingly bring dangerous substances into the hotel and fail to stop them, shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan.

Staff in the hotel industry who know that the passengers staying are criminal suspects or wanted by the public security organs and do not report to the public security organs shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be detained for less than 5 days and may be fined less than 500 yuan.

Article 57 Where a lessor rents a house to a person without identity documents, or fails to register the lessee’s name, type and number of identity documents as required, he shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan.

If the lessor of the house knows that the lessee uses the leased house for criminal activities and fails to report to the public security organ, he shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be detained for less than 5 days and may be fined less than 500 yuan.

Fifty-eighth in violation of the laws and regulations on the prevention and control of noise pollution in social life, making noise to interfere with the normal life of others, be warned; Those who do not make corrections after warning shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan.

Fifty-ninth one of the following acts, a fine of more than 500 yuan and less than 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan:

(1) The pawnbroker fails to check the relevant certificates, fails to perform the registration procedures, or fails to report to the public security organ knowing that it is a criminal suspect or stolen goods;

(two) in violation of state regulations, the acquisition of railways, oil fields, power supply, telecommunications, mines, water conservancy, surveying and urban public facilities and other waste special equipment;

(3) purchasing stolen goods or articles suspected of stolen goods notified by public security organs for investigation;

(four) the acquisition of other items prohibited by the state.

Article 60 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan:

(1) Hiding, transferring, selling off or damaging the property seized, sealed up or frozen by administrative law enforcement organs according to law;

(two) forgery, concealment, destruction of evidence or providing false testimony, lying about the case, affecting the administrative law enforcement organs in handling cases according to law;

(3) Concealing, transferring or selling on behalf of others knowing that it is stolen goods;

(4) A criminal who is under public surveillance according to law, deprived of political rights, on probation or temporarily serving his sentence outside prison, or a person who is subject to criminal compulsory measures according to law, has violated laws, administrative regulations or the supervision and management regulations of the relevant departments of the State Council.

Article 61 Whoever assists in organizing or transporting others to cross the country (border) illegally shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days, and shall also be fined not less than 5,000 yuan in 1000 yuan.

Article 62 Whoever provides conditions for people who cross the country (border) illegally shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days, and shall also be fined not less than 2,000 yuan in 500 yuan.

Those who illegally cross the country (border) shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Sixty-third one of the following acts, a warning or a fine of 200 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 5 days and less than 10 days, and shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan:

(1) Delineating, smearing or otherwise intentionally damaging cultural relics and places of interest under state protection;

(two) in violation of state regulations, blasting, excavation and other activities in the vicinity of cultural relics protection units, endangering the safety of cultural relics.

Article 64 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan:

(a) stealing another person’s motor vehicle;

(2) Driving or stealing another person’s aircraft or motor ship without a driver’s license.

Article 65 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for not less than 5 days but not more than 10 days; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may also be fined for 1000 yuan:

(1) Deliberately destroying or defacing the graves of others or destroying or discarding the bones and ashes of others;

(2) Parking a corpse in a public place or refusing to listen to dissuasion because parking a corpse affects the normal life and work order of others.

Article 66 Whoever engages in prostitution or whoring shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days, and may also be fined not more than 5,000 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Whoever soliciting prostitutes in public places shall be detained for not more than five days or fined for not more than 500 yuan.

Article 67 Whoever lures, shelters or introduces others to prostitution shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days, and may be fined not more than 5,000 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Article 68 Whoever makes, transports, copies, sells or rents obscene books, periodicals, pictures, films, audio-visual products and other obscene articles or uses computer information networks, telephones and other communication tools to disseminate obscene information shall be detained for not less than 10 days but not more than 15 days, and may also be fined not more than 3,000 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan.

Article 69 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and shall be fined from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan:

(1) Organizing the broadcasting of obscene audio and video;

(2) Organizing or performing obscene performances;

(three) to participate in the activities of gathering people for fornication.

Whoever knowingly provides conditions for others to engage in the activities mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Article 70 Whoever, for the purpose of making profits, provides conditions for gambling, or participates in gambling with a large amount of money, shall be detained for not more than 5 days or fined for not more than 500 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and shall be fined more than 3,000 yuan in 500 yuan.

Article 71 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may be fined not more than 3,000 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan:

(1) Illegally planting less than 500 opium poppies or a small amount of other original drugs;

(2) illegally buying, selling, transporting, carrying or holding a small amount of seeds or seedlings of narcotic plants such as opium poppy that have not been inactivated;

(3) illegally transporting, trading, storing or using a small amount of poppy shells.

Whoever commits the act mentioned in the preceding paragraph and eradicates himself before maturity shall not be punished.

Article 72 Whoever commits one of the following acts shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and may be fined up to 2,000 yuan; If the circumstances are minor, they shall be detained for less than 5 days or fined for less than 500 yuan:

(a) illegal possession of opium less than 200 grams, heroin or methamphetamine less than 10 grams or other small amounts of drugs;

(2) Providing drugs to others;

(3) taking or injecting drugs;

(4) coercing or deceiving medical personnel to prescribe narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs.

Article 73 Whoever instigates, lures or deceives others to take or inject drugs shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days, and shall also be fined more than 2,000 yuan in 500 yuan.

Article 74 Personnel in hotels, catering services, cultural and entertainment industries, taxi industry and other units who tip off the criminals when the public security organs investigate and deal with drug abuse, gambling, prostitution and whoring activities shall be detained for more than 10 days and less than 15 days.

Article 75 Anyone who raises animals and interferes with the normal life of others shall be given a warning; Those who do not correct after warning, or allow animals to intimidate others, shall be fined from 200 yuan to 500 yuan.

Whoever drives animals to harm others shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 43 of this Law.

Article 76 Whoever commits any of the acts mentioned in Articles 67, 68 and 70 of this Law and refuses to mend his ways after repeated education may take compulsory education measures in accordance with the provisions of the state.

Chapter IV Punishment Procedure

Section 1 Investigation

Article 77 The public security organ shall promptly accept and register cases of violation of public security management referred by other administrative departments and judicial organs for those who report, accuse, report or violate public security management.

Article 78 After accepting a report, complaint, report or surrender, the public security organ shall immediately investigate if it considers that it is a violation of public security administration; If it is considered that it is not a violation of public security administration, it shall inform the informant, accuser, informant and surrender, and explain the reasons.

Article 79 Public security organs and their people’s police shall investigate public security cases according to law. It is strictly forbidden to extort confessions by torture or collect evidence by threats, enticements, deception and other illegal means.

Evidence collected by illegal means shall not be used as the basis for punishment.

Article 80 When handling public security cases, public security organs and their people’s policemen shall keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets or personal privacy involved.

Eighty-first people’s police in the process of handling public security cases, in any of the following circumstances, should be avoided; The violator of public security administration, the infringed person or his legal representative also have the right to ask them to withdraw:

(a) is a party to the case or a close relative of the party;

(2) He or his close relatives have an interest in the case;

(3) Having other relations with the parties to the case, which may affect the fair handling of the case.

The withdrawal of the people’s police shall be decided by the public security organ to which it belongs; The withdrawal of the person in charge of the public security organ shall be decided by the public security organ at the next higher level.

Article 82 If it is necessary to summon a person who violates the administration of public security for investigation, he shall be summoned with a summons card with the approval of the person in charge of the case-handling department of the public security organ. The people’s police may summon the violator of public security management found on the spot orally after producing their work certificates, but it shall be indicated in the inquiry record.

The public security organ shall inform the summoned person of the reasons and basis for the summons. A person who refuses to accept a summons or evades it without justifiable reasons may be summoned by force.

Article 83 After being summoned, the public security organ shall promptly inquire and verify the person who violates the administration of public security, and the time for inquiry and verification shall not exceed 8 hours. If the situation is complicated and administrative detention punishment may be applied according to the provisions of this law, the time for inquiry and verification shall not exceed 24 hours.

The public security organ shall promptly notify the family members of the summoned person of the reasons and places for summoning.

Article 84 The record of inquiry shall be submitted to the person being questioned for verification; Those who are unable to read should be read out to them. If there are omissions or errors in the records, the person questioned may make additions or corrections. After the person questioned confirms that the transcript is correct, he shall sign or seal it, and the people’s police who inquire shall also sign the transcript.

If the person being questioned requests to provide written materials on the matters being questioned, it shall be allowed; When necessary, the people’s police may also ask the person being questioned to write by himself.

When inquiring about an offender under the age of 16 who violates the administration of public security, he shall notify his parents or other guardians to be present.

Article 85 The people’s police may ask the infringed person or other witnesses at their unit or residence. When necessary, they may also be notified to give testimony to the public security organs.

When the people’s police question the infringed person or other witnesses outside the public security organ, they shall produce their work certificates.

The provisions of Article 84 of this Law shall also apply to the questioning of the infringed person or other witnesses.

Article 86 When inquiring about the deaf-mute violator of public security administration, the victim or other witnesses, a person who knows sign language should provide assistance and make a note on the record.

When questioning the violator of public security administration, the victim or other witnesses who are not familiar with the spoken and written language commonly used in the local area, translators shall be provided and noted in the transcript.

Article 87 Public security organs may inspect places, articles and persons related to acts violating the administration of public security. At the time of inspection, the people’s police shall not be less than 2 people, and shall produce their work certificates and inspection certificates issued by the public security organs of the people’s governments at or above the county level. If it is really necessary to conduct an immediate inspection, the people’s police may conduct an on-the-spot inspection after presenting their work certificates, but the inspection certificate issued by the public security organ of the people’s government at or above the county level shall be presented when inspecting a citizen’s residence.

Physical examination of women should be carried out by female staff.

Eighty-eighth inspection records shall be made, which shall be signed or sealed by the inspector, the inspected and the witness; If the inspected refuses to sign, the people’s police shall indicate it on the record.

Article 89 When handling a public security case, the public security organ may seize the articles related to the case that need to be used as evidence; Property legally possessed by the infringed or a bona fide third party shall not be seized and shall be registered. Articles irrelevant to the case shall not be seized.

The seized articles shall be checked clearly together with the witnesses present and the holders of the seized articles, and a list shall be made in duplicate on the spot, signed or sealed by the investigators, witnesses and holders, one for the holder and the other for future reference.

The seized articles shall be properly kept and shall not be used for other purposes; Articles that are not suitable for long-term preservation shall be handled in accordance with relevant regulations. If it is found that it has nothing to do with the case, it shall be returned in time; If it is verified to be the lawful property of others, it shall be returned immediately after registration; If no one claims the property for six months or the obligee cannot be identified, it shall be auctioned publicly or handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, and the proceeds shall be turned over to the state treasury.

Article 90 In order to find out the facts of the case, if it is necessary to solve the controversial special problems in the case, a person with specialized knowledge shall be appointed or hired for appraisal; After appraisal, the appraiser shall write an appraisal opinion and sign it.

Section II Decisions

Article 91 The punishment for public security administration shall be decided by the public security organ of the people’s government at or above the county level; Among them, the warning and the fine below 500 yuan can be decided by the police station.

Article 92 For those who decide to impose administrative detention, the time when compulsory measures have been taken to restrict personal freedom before the punishment shall be credited. One day’s restriction of personal freedom will be reduced to one day’s administrative detention.

Article 93 When investigating a public security case, the public security organ may make a decision on administrative penalties for public security if there is no personal statement but other evidence can prove the facts of the case. However, if there is no other evidence to prove it, a decision on administrative penalties for public security cannot be made.

Article 94 Before making a decision on administrative penalties for public security, the public security organ shall inform the violator of administrative penalties for public security of the facts, reasons and basis, and inform the violator of their rights according to law.

Those who violate the administration of public security have the right to state and defend themselves. The public security organ must fully listen to the opinions of those who violate the administration of public security, and review the facts, reasons and evidence put forward by those who violate the administration of public security; If the facts, reasons or evidence put forward by the violator of public security administration are established, the public security organ shall adopt them.

The public security organ shall not increase the punishment because of the statements and defenses of the violators of public security administration.

Ninety-fifth after the investigation of public security cases, the public security organs shall make the following treatments according to different situations:

(a) there are indeed illegal acts that should be given administrative penalties for public security according to law, and a decision on punishment shall be made according to the seriousness and specific circumstances;

(two) no punishment according to law, or the illegal facts can not be established, make a decision not to punish;

(three) if the illegal act has been suspected of committing a crime, it shall be transferred to the competent authority for criminal responsibility according to law;

(4) If the violator of public security administration is found to have other illegal acts, it shall notify the relevant administrative departments to deal with the violation of public security administration while making a decision on punishment.

Article 96 Where a public security organ makes a decision on administrative penalties for public security, it shall make a written decision on administrative penalties for public security. The written decision shall contain the following contents:

(a) the name, sex, age, name and number of identity documents and address of the person being punished;

(2) Illegal facts and evidence;

(three) the types and basis of punishment;

(four) the execution method and time limit of the punishment;

(five) the way and time limit for applying for administrative reconsideration and bringing an administrative lawsuit against the punishment decision;

(six) the name of the public security organ that made the decision on punishment and the date of making the decision.

The written decision shall be sealed by the public security organ that made the decision on punishment.

Article 97 The public security organ shall announce the written decision on administrative penalties for public security to the punished person and deliver it to the punished person on the spot. If it cannot be announced to the punished person on the spot, it shall be served on the punished person within 2 days. If it is decided to impose administrative detention, it shall promptly notify the family members of the punished person.

If there is an infringed person, the public security organ shall send a copy of the decision to the infringed person.

Article 98 Before the public security organ makes a decision to revoke the license and impose a fine of more than 2,000 yuan, it shall inform the violator of public security administration that he has the right to request a hearing; If the violator of public security administration requests a hearing, the public security organ shall promptly hold a hearing according to law.

Article 99 The time limit for public security organs to handle public security cases shall not exceed 30 days from the date of acceptance; If the case is serious and complicated, it may be extended for 30 days with the approval of the public security organ at the next higher level.

In order to find out the case, the period of appraisal is not included in the time limit for handling public security cases.

100th violation of public security management, with clear facts and conclusive evidence, shall be given a warning or a fine of not more than 200 yuan, and a decision on administrative penalties for public security may be made on the spot.

Article 101 If a decision on administrative punishment for public security is made on the spot, the people’s police shall show their work certificates to the violator of administrative punishment for public security, and fill in the punishment decision. The penalty decision shall be delivered to the punished person on the spot; If there is an infringed person, a copy of the decision will be copied to the infringed person.

The written decision on punishment prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall specify the name of the person being punished, the illegal act, the basis for punishment, the amount of the fine, the time and place, and the name of the public security organ, and shall be signed or sealed by the people’s police in charge.

If a decision on administrative penalties for public security is made on the spot, the people’s police handling it shall report it to the public security organ for the record within 24 hours.

Article 102 If the punished person refuses to accept the decision on administrative punishment for public security, he may apply for administrative reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit according to law.

Section III Execution

Article 103 A person who has been decided to be given administrative detention shall be sent to a detention center for execution by the public security organ that made the decision.

Article 104 A person punished by a fine shall pay the fine at a designated bank within 15 days from the date of receiving the penalty decision. However, in any of the following circumstances, the people’s police may collect the fine on the spot:

(1) Being fined below 50 yuan, and the punished person has no objection to the fine;

(2) In remote, water-covered and inaccessible areas, after the public security organ and its people’s police have made a fine decision in accordance with the provisions of this Law, it is indeed difficult for the punished person to pay the fine to the designated bank, and the punished person has proposed it;

(three) the person who has been punished has no fixed residence in the local area, and it is difficult to implement it after it is not collected on the spot.

Article 105 The fines collected by the people’s police on the spot shall be handed over to the public security organs to which they belong within 2 days from the date of collecting the fines; Fines collected on the spot on water or passenger trains shall be handed over to the public security organs within 2 days from the date of arrival at the shore or station; The public security organ shall pay the fine to the designated bank within 2 days from the date of receiving the fine.

Article 106 If the people’s police collect fines on the spot, they shall issue a receipt for fines uniformly issued by the financial departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government to the person being punished; If the penalty receipt is not issued uniformly, the punished person has the right to refuse to pay the penalty.

Article 107 If a punished person refuses to accept the decision on administrative detention and applies for administrative reconsideration or brings an administrative lawsuit, he may apply to the public security organ for suspending the execution of administrative detention. If the public security organ thinks that the suspension of administrative detention will not cause social danger, the punished person or his close relatives shall provide a guarantor meeting the conditions stipulated in Article 108 of this Law, or pay a deposit according to the standard of daily administrative detention of 200 yuan, and the punishment decision of administrative detention shall be suspended.

Article 108 A guarantor shall meet the following conditions:

(1) Not involved in this case;

(two) enjoy political rights, personal freedom is not restricted;

(3) Having permanent residence and permanent residence in the local area;

(4) Having the ability to perform the guarantee obligations.

Article 109 A guarantor shall ensure that the guaranteed person does not evade the execution of administrative detention punishment.

If the guarantor fails to perform the guarantee obligation, causing the guarantor to evade the execution of administrative detention punishment, the public security organ shall impose a fine of not more than 3,000 yuan.

Article 110 If a person who has been decided to give administrative detention punishment pays a deposit and evades the execution of administrative detention punishment after suspending administrative detention, the deposit shall be confiscated and turned over to the state treasury, and the administrative detention decision already made shall still be implemented.

Article 111 If the decision on the punishment of administrative detention is revoked or the punishment of administrative detention begins to be executed, the security deposit collected by the public security organ shall be returned to the payer in time.

Chapter V Law Enforcement Supervision

Article 112 Public security organs and their people’s policemen shall handle public security cases in accordance with the law, fairly, strictly and efficiently, enforce the law in a civilized manner, and shall not practice favoritism and malpractice.

Article 113 When handling public security cases, public security organs and their people’s policemen are forbidden to abuse, abuse or insult those who violate the administration of public security.

Article 114 Public security organs and their people’s police should consciously accept the supervision of society and citizens when handling public security cases.

Any unit or individual has the right to report and accuse the public security organ or the people’s procuratorate or the administrative supervision organ if the public security organ and its people’s police do not strictly enforce the law or violate the law and discipline in handling public security cases; The organ that receives the report or complaint shall handle it in a timely manner according to its duties.

Article 115th the public security organs shall, when imposing fines according to law, separate the decision on fines from the collection of fines in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations; All fines collected shall be turned over to the state treasury.

116th people’s police in handling public security cases, one of the following acts, shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law:

(1) extorting a confession by torture, corporal punishment, maltreating or insulting others;

(2) restricting personal freedom beyond the time limit for inquiry and verification;

(3) Failing to implement the system of separating fine decision from fine collection, or failing to turn over confiscated property to the state treasury or deal with it according to law;

(four) dividing, embezzling, misappropriating or deliberately damaging the confiscated or detained property;

(5) using or not returning the property of the infringed person in time in violation of regulations;

(six) in violation of the provisions of the deposit is not returned in time;

(seven) taking advantage of his position to accept other people’s property or seek other benefits;

(eight) collecting fines on the spot without issuing a fine receipt or truthfully filling in the amount of fines;

(nine) after receiving the alarm to stop the violation of public security management, it is not timely to call the police;

(ten) in the investigation of violations of public security management activities, for the illegal and criminal acts;

(eleven) there are other circumstances of favoritism, abuse of power, and failure to perform their statutory duties according to law.

If a public security organ handling a public security case commits any of the acts listed in the preceding paragraph, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given corresponding administrative sanctions.

Article 117 If the public security organ and its people’s police illegally exercise their functions and powers and infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, they shall make an apology; If damage is caused, it shall be liable for compensation according to law.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Article 118 The term "above, below and within" as mentioned in this Law includes this number.

Article 119 This Law shall come into force as of March 1, 2006. The Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative Penalties for Public Security promulgated on September 5, 1986 and revised and promulgated on May 12, 1994 shall be abolished at the same time.

One [［END］] one

Long press the picture to identify the QR code.

▼

Editor: Golden Sword

Review in the past

Click on the title below to view.

Original title: People’s Republic of China (PRC) Public Security Administration Punishment Law

Read the original text

　　Education is the foundation of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. The National Education Conference held on September 9-10 blew a new horn for building an education power.

　　"We must persist in taking the people as the center, constantly improve the inclusiveness, accessibility and convenience of education public services, and make the achievements of education reform and development more fair and benefit all the people." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized at the meeting.

　　Looking back on the past, during his work in Zhejiang, the Supreme Leader attached great importance to education and promoted the implementation of "four projects" in rural primary and secondary schools, namely, the project of subsidizing students with financial difficulties, the project of caring nutritious meals, the project of reforming accommodation and improving teachers’ quality, so as to continuously improve the balanced development level of urban and rural education in Zhejiang.

　　Strengthen the teacher before teaching.

　　In the study of Zheng Zhihu, the former principal of Tiantai Middle School, the photo of the Supreme Leader with the third provincial meritorious teacher on September 8, 2004 was hung in the most eye-catching place.

　　那天出席全省庆祝我国第20个教师节暨表彰优秀教师大会的情景，现在还不时清晰地浮现在郑志湖的脑海中。

　　省功勋教师，是当时浙江给予教师的最高荣誉，每位功勋教师可享受省部级劳动模范和先进工作者待遇。

　　那一年的17位获奖者中，绝大多数是在中小学一线辛勤耕耘的老师，其中多位来自山区海岛的学校。

　　郑志湖，在天台这个山区小县是出了名的“铁人”。

　　每天早上6时他就出现在校园里，晚上11时以后办公室的灯才熄灭。他扑下身子抓教学质量，天台中学成为浙江高中物理教学一张闪亮的名片。

　　在这次大会上，最高领袖同志代表省委、省政府，向受表彰的教师和先进个人表示祝贺，向全省广大教职员工致以问候，也强调要努力为广大教师创造良好的工作生活环境，真心诚意办实事，切实帮助他们解决工作、学习和生活中的各种实际困难和问题。一席话，让郑志湖这名基层教育工作者心中暖洋洋的。

　　郑志湖在学生寝室与学生谈心（资料图片）

　　“郑校长，昨晚在电视上看见习书记和你们握手了，他跟你说了啥？”“还给劳模待遇，省里真重视教师啊。”……

　　On the second day after receiving the commendation and returning to Tiantai, Zheng Zhihu walked to school as usual in the morning. On the way of just a few tens of meters, several neighbors pulled him to congratulate him.

　　In 2017, when he reached retirement age, an educational institution offered him an annual salary of one million yuan. However, when Tiantai County leaders suggested that Tiantai Middle School could not do without him and asked him to postpone his retirement for five years, Zheng Zhihu agreed without saying anything.

　　“‘ Meritorious teacher ’ It is not only a medal for decades of teaching career, but also a responsibility that must be shouldered as a front-line teacher. " Zheng Zhihu is proud that he has not failed to live up to the expectations of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and has always been steadfast in his dedication, making "Rise in the County" shine from the ideal into reality.

　　Strengthen the teacher before teaching. For rural primary and secondary schools, the improvement of education quality depends on the improvement of teachers’ quality first.

　　The pointer of time has been set back for 20 years. Lin Haohao, the principal of Sankui Town Central Primary School in Taishun County, is still a rural teacher who has tried his best but still cannot break through the professional bottleneck.

　　The project to improve the quality of rural primary and secondary school teachers promoted by the Supreme Leader in Zhejiang that year changed the growth track of many rural teachers like Lin Haohao, and then quietly changed rural education.

　　In 1995, Lin Shanghao, who just graduated from Pingyang Normal School, was assigned to the most remote rural school in Taishun, and he had to teach all subjects by himself. After working for six or seven years, he worked hard to participate in the lecture competition and voted for many papers, but he was always inferior to the teachers in the city.

　　"At that time, there were few training opportunities for teachers. I have only received a few on-campus trainings. The level of colleagues is similar, radish fried radish, not radish? "

　　Looking at Zhejiang at that time, the achievement rate of primary school teachers’ academic qualifications ranked lower in the country. Some primary school teachers have only a primary school diploma. Some teachers have to take time off to do farm work. When they walk into the classroom, their trouser legs are high and low, and there are mud spots on their legs that can’t be washed off.

　　In May, 2005, under the impetus of the Supreme Leader, the provincial finance allocated 20 million yuan as special funds, with famous teachers at the provincial and municipal levels as teachers, and began to carry out free training for 170,000 rural primary and secondary school teachers in the province from the summer vacation of that year.

　　In the absence of special teaching materials for training teachers, special-grade teachers in various disciplines and sections will compile them separately.

　　No one complained about the inconvenient transportation at the training site located in the county seat. No rural teacher wants to miss this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and he has to come to class on time after walking for an hour or two on the mountain road.

　　After three years of training courses, Lin Haohao found that he had made a breakthrough in improving his educational philosophy, the internal logic of classroom teaching and teaching design. Back in class, his state has changed completely. Since then, he has gradually grown into a senior Chinese teacher and a training object for Zhejiang famous teachers.

　　Zhejiang continues to implement the "Leading the Wild Goose Project" for rural primary and secondary school teachers, the training plan for Zhejiang famous teachers, principals and class teachers, and explores the "menu" and "order" training … … More and more "excellent forests" have emerged in rural primary and secondary schools, and the quality of rural education has continuously stepped onto a new level.

　　In August 2018, Pujiang Experimental Primary School Education Group and Puyang No.2 Primary School Education Group organized key teachers to study in Tsinghua University (data picture).

　　Let rural children read books and read good books.

　　At 8: 00 am on May 10th, 2005, I just arrived at work time.

　　Liu Yongwu, the headmaster of Changkeng Primary School in Dongdu, Jinyun County, was sitting in the office of the director of the county education bureau, waiting for a message.

　　"The first batch of accommodation renovation projects in the province has been decided, and the renovation of your school dormitory has been listed!" The director smiled and said, "How are you going to build … …”

　　Liu Yongwu rose abruptly from his chair and said as he walked out, "I’m going to make a plan now!"

　　Changkeng Primary School is a rural boarding school, but there has never been a dormitory. At that time, children in grades one to three slept in two rooms in an old ancestral hall.

　　There are more than 20 bunks in a room of more than 40 square meters, and 60 or 70 children have to sleep. Two first-grade children squeeze a bed 80 cm wide; Three second-grade children sleep in two bunks that are spliced together. Going to the toilet at night has to cross a pair of legs in the dark, which often wakes up most of the students in the dormitory. The so-called toilet is two wooden toilets in the corner.

　　The turning point appeared in 2003. In August and December of this year, the then supreme leader of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee went to Lishui and Wenzhou to investigate the development of underdeveloped areas respectively. He not only went to the enterprise, went to Tiantou, but also visited the school. Many cadres and masses have reflected the problems that need to be solved urgently in rural basic education.

　　Comrade Supreme Leader gave clear instructions: "Let rural children read books and read good books."

　　After that, the Supreme Leader has repeatedly coordinated the provincial education department and other relevant departments to discuss together to provide better educational conditions for children in poverty-stricken areas.

　　In 2005, the construction of a strong education province was written into the document of the provincial party committee, which clearly put forward that the development of urban and rural education should be coordinated, rural education should be the top priority, the layout of rural education should be further optimized, the conditions for running schools in rural areas should be improved, and the level of running schools in rural areas should be improved.

　　In the same year, Zhejiang invested real money to start the "four projects" of rural primary and secondary schools.

　　September 1, 2006, this is a new semester written in the history of Changkeng Primary School. A brand-new white four-story building stands on the campus. The first floor is a canteen, and the other three floors are student dormitories.

　　Photo courtesy of the student dormitory (left) before 2005 and the current student dormitory (right) of Changkeng Primary School in Dongdu, Jinyun County.

　　The children flew into the new dormitory and found one after another — —

　　"One bed for each person, no need to squeeze in!"

　　"Come and see, there is a toilet!"

　　……

　　In the second year, many parents in the surrounding counties and districts took their children to Changkeng Primary School to register. Liu Yongwu said that at the peak, half the children in the school came from other counties.

　　In 2007, on the basis of the "Four Projects", Zhejiang listed the efforts to start the construction of all the "Four Projects" accommodation renovation projects in rural primary and secondary schools, and 90% of the projects were completed as ten aspects of people’s livelihood.

　　这项政策改善了十余万名浙江农村中小学生寄宿条件，更带动社会各界群策群力，为提升农村教育条件添砖加瓦。

　　“近20年过去了，今天孩子们依然住在习书记关心下建起的宿舍楼里，内部设施已经更新了好几代。”刘勇武说，如今宿舍不仅有空调、储物柜，还开辟了图书角等园地。

　　“四项工程”中的家庭经济困难学生资助扩面工程，把农村困难家庭孩子的书本费、学杂费、代管费等费用全部免除。浙江是全国最早实行这项规定的。

　　爱心营养餐工程，让山里娃第一次尝到了牛奶的味道。20年间，一些山区县中小学生的平均身高增长了十几厘米。

　　……

　　同一片蓝天下

　　“嘉禾参加了学校的扎染社团和科学社团，可忙啦！”新学期开学，杭州市文渊小学五（6）班袁嘉禾妈妈和宁夏老家的长辈打电话，乐呵呵地讲起女儿的近况。

　　这家人扎根杭州已十多年，孩子在公办学校就读，与杭州户籍孩子享受完全同等的义务教育免费政策。两口子说，孩子入学了，才觉得真正在这里安家了。

　　今年8月，杭州青少年活动中心与共青团杭州市滨江区委联合主办2024年“小候鸟”体育夏令营 杭州青少年活动中心供图

　　Time goes back to the beginning of the 21st century. With the acceleration of urbanization in Zhejiang, more and more children of migrant workers want to attend school in the city where their parents work, which brings a series of new topics.

　　Comrade Supreme Leader has a clear attitude towards this: create conditions for them to grow up healthily and happily together under the same blue sky.

　　For two consecutive years, the Supreme Leader and the children of migrant workers in Hangzhou celebrated Children’s Day on June 1st.

　　On May 31st, 2005, Hangzhou Youth Activity Center organized the children of migrant workers to participate in "Feeling Animation and Celebrating Together ‘ June 1st ’ " Activities. Some children do pottery, some learn animation in the computer room of "Little Doctor", and some operate small robots to find ore specimens in "space" … …

　　At this moment, a special guest came. The children shouted "Hello Uncle Xi" in unison.

　　During the exchange, the supreme leader comrade affirmed the children’s parents’ hard work for Hangzhou and wished the children healthy and happy growth in Hangzhou, the second hometown.

　　On the eve of Children’s Day on June 1st, 2006, the Supreme Leader came to Hangzhou Shuren Primary School to celebrate the festival with the children.

　　This is a school mainly for children of migrant workers. Jin Xiaolong, the then principal, remembers that at a parent-teacher meeting, a mother said with emotion: "When crossing the road, the children will tell us to watch the traffic lights and take the initiative to help wash the dishes after dinner. We are usually too busy to discipline our children, thanks to the school’s efforts in this regard. "

　　杭州树人小学如今的校园场景 学校供图

　　为了让外来务工人员子女更好融入城市生活，树人小学不仅教知识，还特别注重培养孩子们的行为习惯。学校里有一间“爱心小屋”，各界爱心人士捐助的文具、玩具琳琅满目，每件物品都被标上了分值。过马路走斑马线，见到老师同学要问好，帮爸爸妈妈做家务……这些日常习惯都能攒积分换礼物。

　　“习书记来学校时就参观了‘爱心小屋’，并细致询问如何获取爱心积分和奖励方法。”金小龙说，“习书记再三嘱咐我，不管是本地的还是外来的，要让孩子们共享优质教育的甘甜雨露。”

　　浙江省委、省政府把解决外来务工人员子女就学问题作为一项重大民生工程，持续推动。2006年，浙江将外来务工人员子女义务教育纳入政府教育事业发展规划；2009年，设立外来务工人员子女教育专项基金。

　　如今，符合条件的外省务工人员子女在浙江全面实现流入地升学。2023年，我省义务教育中小学随迁子女在校生达165.24万人，占全省义务教育段在校生的28.6%。

　　Nanjing, August 31 ST (Nanjing Taiwan reporter Meng Hao) According to the Voice of China "Global Chinese Broadcasting Network", what should I do if I send a courier and lose it? If you don’t choose the expensive "guaranteed price" service when sending the mail, the general courier company will only pay compensation according to the freight price, and consumers can only admit that they are unlucky. Yesterday (30th), Nanjing Consumers Association of Jiangsu Province announced the results of collecting consumers’ opinions on the "Provisional Regulations on Express Delivery (Draft for Comment)" recently. In the future, the equivalent compensation for the loss of express delivery is expected to be realized.

　　As can be seen from the statistical table of consumer concerns, 29 of the 292 opinions are about compensation for delay, loss and damage of express mail, accounting for 10%, which has become the first hot issue. From the service agreements of many express delivery companies at present, it can be seen that if the uninsured products are lost, damaged or short, the maximum compensation amount will not exceed three times the postage paid, and many consumers will suffer losses.

　　Zhang Haoshu, director of the Complaints Department of Jiangsu Consumers Association, gave an example: someone sent a notebook from Nanjing to Yancheng, Jiangsu, and the recipient opened the parcel and found that the screen of the notebook had been damaged. However, according to the terms of the express delivery industry, the compensation is three times the postage. In fact, in the end, the highest compensation received by this person is less than that of 100 yuan, which is very different from his actual loss.

　　Article 25 of the "Provisional Regulations on Express Delivery (Draft for Comment)" clearly stipulates that the express delivery enterprise shall determine the liability for compensation in accordance with the relevant provisions of civil law for express mail without insured price.

　　Zhang Haoshu said, "To put it bluntly, this is to compensate through actual losses. If it is really valuable, then we still recommend consumers to insure the price. But even if you don’t insure the price, the compensation will not be as’ overlord’ as the current policies of these courier companies. "

　　In fact, at present, domestic express delivery companies do not provide "insured transportation" services. If the delivered goods are damaged or lost, they can realize compensation according to the price. However, the general cost of insured service is not low, and few people will take the initiative to choose this service. Today, let’s take a look at foreign countries. How to compensate for the damage of express delivery? Can consumers be compensated according to actual losses?

　　Australia: Compensation depends on whether the sender chooses the insured service.

　　In Australia, the receipt system of express delivery companies is strict, but "lost pieces" still occur from time to time during transportation. At this time, the compensation of the courier company depends on whether the sender chooses the insured service.

　　According to Hu Fang, an Australian observer of Global Chinese Broadcasting Network, it is relatively rare for Australian express delivery to be impersonated. Generally, when receiving express delivery, the person at the address needs to sign for it. Usually, the neighbors next door cannot collect it, and there will be no such thing as the collection of people in the community reception room or property management company. If no one answers the door at the recipient’s home address, usually the mailer will leave a parcel slip, and the recipient can go to the post office to collect the parcel with the parcel slip and valid documents, and the person who collects it on his behalf also needs to hold valid documents for verification and personal information recording. Under such a strict system, it is very rare to be impersonated. However, due to the large number of parcels in Australia, the situation of losing them has occurred from time to time. Usually, if the courier is lost, the seller will send another copy to the consumer after verification. As for whether the seller will make a claim with the courier company, it depends on whether he has insured the price. If the seller only makes general express delivery, then the courier company will only pay for the mailing.

　　Germany: Responsibility confirmation is required before claims are made.

　　Strict Germans are famous for their seriousness and responsibility, and the express delivery industry is no exception. But the loss of the courier is not afraid of 10 thousand, just in case. In the event of "lost parts", who is the responsible party and who will provide compensation, what will the German express company do?

　　In this regard, Xue Chengjun, a German observer of Global Chinese Broadcasting Network, said that in Germany, if a parcel is damaged or lost in the process of mailing, the responsibility must be confirmed first before making a claim, and any one of the sender, courier company and recipient may become the responsible party and the payer of compensation. According to the relevant regulations, the courier should hand over the parcel to the recipient, or give it to a neighbor who is willing to receive it on his behalf. It is not allowed to leave the parcel at the recipient’s door and other places. Of course, for the convenience of receiving, for example, for people who work all day, the package can also be placed in front of the door or other open places according to the wishes of the recipient, but there must be a written statement of responsibility.

　　The usual responsibility confirmation is: if the sender is a merchant, the sender will be responsible for compensation for the damage or loss of the mail; If the sender is a private person, the risk of mail loss is borne by the recipient, but the sender must provide relevant proof of the parcel, such as the receipt of the courier company. For example, if someone buys a dress online from a merchant and doesn’t receive it, the merchant will be responsible for the compensation. Of course, the German consumer protection law has ensured that consumers can return goods within two weeks without any reason. If someone finds a pair of liberation shoes from a private person and loses them, the recipient will be responsible for it himself, and the seller, that is, the sender, does not need to refund or compensate.

　　Japan: The transportation company makes compensation within the limit of liability recorded in the shipping documents.

　　Finally, let’s go back to Asia and have a look at Japan. The express delivery industry here is also very developed, with an average of dozens of express deliveries per person every year, and the service attitude of couriers is often commendable. Then, in the event of "lost pieces", how do Japanese express delivery companies deal with compensation?

　　According to Huang Xueqing, a Japanese observer of Global Chinese Broadcasting Network, the compensation standard for express delivery formulated by Japan’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism stipulates that when the express goods are damaged, the transportation company needs to make compensation within the limit of liability recorded in the shipping documents. For example, the compensation for express delivery by mail is 300,000 yen, which is equivalent to about 19,000 yuan, which does not require insured price and additional payment. 300,000 yen is basically equivalent to the monthly salary of a 30-year-old ordinary employee, so the amount of compensation is still relatively high. If 25 yuan RMB is paid in addition, the compensation amount can be increased to 500,000 yen. Because the express delivery service in Japan is very safe and thoughtful, for example, items that are easily damaged will be labeled as vulnerable, and will be handled with care during transportation, so there are few cases of loss and damage. Unless it is a fairly expensive item, few customers pay another premium. Many courier companies have adopted the same compensation standard as the post office.

　　The relevant regulations also point out that if the customer delivers expensive goods such as currency and securities to the transportation company, the transportation company will not be liable for compensation if the customer does not clearly inform the transportation company of the type and amount of the goods, but these regulations are not applicable in the case of intentional or gross negligence of the transportation company. If there is any illegal act, such as infringement, intentional negligent damage, etc., between the client who actually has a contractual relationship and the transportation company, the customer may sue the transportation company for illegal act and demand compensation.

[Exclusive report of the first project in machinery network]In October, in a short period of 8 or 9 days, a number of railway lines started construction. On October 18th, the Golmud-Dunhuang Railway with a total investment of 12.9 billion yuan was officially started in Golmud. On the same day, the Jingzhou-Yueyang section of the Mengxi-Huazhong coal transportation special line with a total investment of about 150 billion yuan also officially broke ground; On October 19th, as one of the "four verticals and four horizontals" high-speed rail networks in China, the Baolan Passenger Dedicated Line (Baoji to Lanzhou) was fully started. In the plan at the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Railways listed the Lanzhou Railway (Chengdu to Lanzhou) as the first item in the list of newly started projects in 2012. On October 27th, the Shaanxi section of Xi ‘an-Chengdu Passenger Dedicated Line officially started construction. On October 29th, Sichuan Branch of China Development Bank signed a loan contract of 10 billion yuan with Chenglan Railway Company to support the construction of Chenglan Railway. The number of new railway projects has increased by 13, from 9 at the beginning of the year to 22, and the railway infrastructure investment plan has been repeatedly increased from 406 billion yuan planned at the beginning of the year to 516 billion yuan, an increase of over 100 billion yuan.

Recently, the Ministry of Water Resources released a message that the state has arranged for the central government to invest nearly 40 billion yuan for the continued construction of 434 large-scale irrigation areas and water-saving renovation projects. In the future, the Ministry of Water Resources will accelerate the preliminary work of supporting the continuous construction of large irrigation areas and water-saving renovation projects. Based on this, the water conservancy construction industry is expected to usher in a new period of policy concentration by the end of the year, and it is expected that the water conservancy construction projects and equipment manufacturers involved in farmland will continue to obtain substantial benefits. At the same time, water conservancy construction has been accelerated at the end of the year as the east and middle lines of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project are about to be connected with water and funds. At present, some places have introduced financial support policies to promote the implementation of water conservancy funds, and the funds for key projects may be gradually relaxed. Some researchers predict that the total investment in water conservancy fixed assets this year is about 400 billion yuan, which means that there are still 140 billion yuan to be completed in the fourth quarter, with an average of 47 billion yuan per month. Under the promotion of policies, key projects delayed due to funding problems in the early stage were gradually started.

ropeQuotation:【Policy scanning】【Industry situation】【Enterprise aspect】【Product focus】【Engineering construction】【Post-market management】

I. Policy scanning:

According to customs statistics, from January to October, China’s total import and export value was $3,161.57 billion, an increase of 6.3% over the same period last year. Among them, exports were 1,670.9 billion US dollars, up by 7.8%; Imports reached US$ 1,490.67 billion, up by 4.6%; The trade surplus was $180.23 billion.

According to customs statistics, China’s total import and export value in October was $319.15 billion, an increase of 7.3%. Among them, the export was 175.57 billion US dollars, an increase of 11.6%; Imports reached US$ 143.58 billion, up by 2.4%. In October, the year-on-year growth rate of China’s total foreign trade import and export value rebounded by 1 percentage point compared with that in September, of which exports rebounded by 1.7 percentage points, and the growth rate of imports was the same as that in September. The trade surplus for the month was $31.99 billion.

From January to October, China’s exports of mechanical and electrical products reached US$ 957.38 billion, up by 8.5%, 0.7 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of China’s foreign trade exports in the same period, accounting for 57.2% of China’s total foreign trade exports. Among them, the export of electrical and electronic products was 389.41 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.9%; Mechanical equipment was 306.77 billion US dollars, an increase of 5.9%.

Keywords: infrastructure investment public transportation Railway infrastructure construction Nuclear Power Project West-to-East Gas Transmission

Ministry of Finance: The central infrastructure investment in the first nine months of 2012 was 390.5 billion yuan.

By the end of September, the central infrastructure investment had allocated a budget of 390.5 billion yuan, accounting for 97% of the annual budget target, which was 8 percentage points higher than that of the same period of last year. The construction funds for key projects under construction, continued construction and newly started major national projects were well guaranteed.

This year, especially since May, in the face of the downward pressure on the economy, China has adopted a series of policies and measures to stabilize growth in time. After entering the third quarter, the economic growth rate has basically stabilized and presented a series of positive signals. [Details > >]

　The State Council has identified eight key tasks to give priority to the development of public transport.

Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council, presided over the the State Council executive meeting on the 10th, and decided to expand the tuition-free scope of secondary vocational education, improve the national bursary system, give priority to the development of public transport in cities, and deliberated and passed the Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall (Draft).

The meeting pointed out that in order to fundamentally alleviate the contradictions such as traffic congestion, inconvenient travel and environmental pollution, it is necessary to establish the concept of giving priority to the development of public transportation and put public transportation in the primary position of urban transportation development. According to the principles of convenience for the masses, comprehensive connection, green development and local conditions, we should speed up the construction of an urban motorized travel system, which is mainly based on public transportation and consists of rail transit networks, buses and trams, and improve the conditions for walking and cycling. [Details > >]

China’s railway infrastructure investment may reach 2.3 trillion in the 12th Five-Year Plan.

The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" railway infrastructure investment data that has received much attention has finally settled. During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, China arranged a total investment of 2.3 trillion yuan in railway infrastructure. However, where does the money come from? Experts said that the current financing method of railway construction projects still depends on bank loans and bond issuance, because the debt ratio of the Ministry of Railways and related enterprises in the railway infrastructure sector is too high, and banks are not enthusiastic about lending to railway construction projects. We should speed up the reform of railway investment and financing system, expand the proportion of direct financing, give full play to the enthusiasm of the central, local and enterprises, attract social capital to participate in investment, and promote the share reform and listing of railway enterprises. [Details > >]

Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway has been put into trial operation as the world’s first high-speed railway in alpine region.

On October 8, after overcoming many difficulties such as frozen soil construction, and after more than four months of debugging, the Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway began trial operation on the 921-kilometer-long line today and will be officially opened at the end of this year. This is the world’s first high-speed railway with a design speed of 350km/h, which can adapt to the lowest temperature of -40℃, and it will take more than three hours to travel from Dalian to Harbin, alleviating the pressure of Spring Festival travel rush in the three northeastern provinces. It is understood that the Harbin-Dalian Passenger Dedicated Line (high-speed rail) is the "one vertical" of the "four vertical and four horizontal" high-speed railway network in China’s medium and long-term railway planning, and it is an important part of the Beijing-Harbin high-speed railway. [Details > >]

Nuclear power projects are expected to resume the approval of trillion-dollar investment feast or restart.

The Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Nuclear Safety and Radioactive Pollution Prevention and Control and the Long-term Target in 2020 was recently approved by the State Council. According to the Plan, the investment demand for key nuclear safety and pollution prevention projects during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period is about 79.8 billion yuan. People in the industry believe that the release of the Plan is the dawn of the restart of China’s nuclear power projects. According to experts’ analysis, at the moment when the international energy situation is tense and the cost of renewable energy is high, the development of nuclear energy is still the focus of the energy situation. According to the securities data, if the installed capacity of nuclear power is increased by 60 million kilowatts in 2020, the direct investment will reach 1.2 trillion yuan. [Details > >]

The first introduction of private capital into the third line of west-to-east gas pipeline has become the biggest highlight

On October 16th, the third natural gas pipeline project of PetroChina’s West-East Gas Pipeline started in Beijing, and the western section (Horgos, Xinjiang-Zhongwei, Ningxia) and the eastern section (Ji ‘an, Jiangxi-Fuzhou, Fujian) also started at the same time. The total length of the trunk branch line is 7378 kilometers, the designed annual gas transmission capacity is 30 billion cubic meters, and the total investment of the project is expected to exceed 120 billion yuan. It is planned to start construction after being approved by the state in 2013 and be completed and put into operation in 2015. It is worth noting that PetroChina introduced social capital and private capital to participate in the construction of the third line of west-to-east gas transmission for the first time, breaking the long-term monopoly of PetroChina and Sinopec. [Details > >]

Keywords: private enterprises importing and exporting overseas projects

The central government allocated 2.5 billion yuan of import discount interest funds in 2012.

The reporter learned from the Ministry of Finance on the 10th that in order to encourage the import of advanced technology and equipment, important raw materials, key parts and components, and promote the balanced development of trade, the central finance recently allocated 2.5 billion yuan of import discount funds in 2012, up by 25% over the previous year.

According to the person in charge of the Enterprise Department of the Ministry of Finance, since the establishment of the import discount interest fund in 2008, the central government has allocated 9.5 billion yuan for this fund, driving the import of products encouraged by the state to reach 111.352 billion US dollars, and the average import of 1 yuan RMB is nearly 12 US dollars. [Details > >]

Development and Reform Commission disclosed 20 approved overseas projects in half a month, and 6 private enterprises were approved.

The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) disclosed that four overseas investment projects had been approved. In the first half of October, the NDRC disclosed that 24 projects had been approved, including 20 overseas investment projects, 3 airport projects and 1 industrial project, which set a peak in the review and disclosure of overseas projects during the year. Nearly one third of the 20 overseas investment projects are invested by private enterprises.

Export alarm sounded construction machinery sales in Latin America or suffered heavy losses.

According to People’s Daily, Brazil has decided to increase the import tariff on some construction machinery products from 14% to 25%, so as to encourage the production of similar products in China and cope with the foreign trade competition brought about by the international crisis. At this point, the alarm that China’s construction machinery products are exported to Brazil has been fully sounded. In the past five years, China’s construction machinery exports to Latin America have reached 5.17 billion US dollars, with an average annual growth rate of 81.5%. By 2011, Latin American exports have accounted for 12.4% of China’s total construction machinery exports. China Construction Machinery Industry Association has urgently reported to the relevant ministries and commissions and suggested that tough measures be taken urgently. . [Details > >]

In the first three quarters of 2012, China’s total import and export value increased by 6.2% year on year.

According to customs statistics, in the first three quarters of this year, China’s total import and export value was US$ 2,842.47 billion, an increase of 6.2% over the same period last year. Among them, the export was 1,495.39 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.4%; Imports reached US$ 1,347.08 billion, up by 4.8%; The trade surplus was $148.31 billion. From the perspective of export commodities, the export of mechanical and electrical products grew steadily, while the export of textiles and clothing increased slightly. From the perspective of imported goods, the import of energy and resource products has grown steadily, and the import prices of iron ore, copper and aluminum have dropped significantly. [Details > >]

Keywords: China’s economic growth rate monetary policy Steady growth

The World Bank predicts that the growth rate of China this year and next will be 7.7% and 8.1%.

According to the report of Economic Data Monitoring of East Asia and the Pacific released by the World Bank on October 8th, the forecast of China’s economic growth rate this year and next has been greatly lowered from the previous values of 8.2% and 8.6% to 7.7% and 8.1%. Among them, the decline in investment demand in China led to a significant decline in investment growth, especially in non-governmental sectors. In the report "China in 2030" published by the World Bank and the Development Research Center of the State Council, China, it was predicted that the adjustment of economic structure and the gradual slowdown of economic growth would occur in the next 20 years, that is, the endogenous economic growth model would be realized. However, from now on, it is still difficult to determine whether this trend has been formed. [Details > >]

SASAC issued an early warning that the economy will enter a cold winter of three to five years.

In 2012, the global economic shock intensified, which triggered the return of the global real economy. The statistics of China’s real economy are worrying: in August, the growth rate of investment in fixed assets was at a historical low level, and the sales of construction machinery and other industries declined … The state-owned assets supervision and administration commission issued an early warning to all central enterprises, and China’s economy began to enter a period of austerity, so it is necessary to prepare for a cold winter of 3-5 years. Experts believe that cultivating the core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises can fundamentally enhance the national competitive strength and become a new responsible subject. Wu Jinglian, an economist, believes that the root of these problems still lies in the inadequacy of the current economic system. [Details > >]

It may be difficult to continue to relax monetary policy when the economy stabilizes.

According to the macroeconomic data released on the 18th, although the GDP growth rate dropped to 7.4% in the third quarter, the chain-on-chain growth rate continued to rise, and major economic indicators such as industrial production, export, investment and consumption picked up in September, indicating that China’s economy bottomed out and stabilized, and the economy is expected to rebound moderately in the fourth quarter, achieving the annual growth target of 7.5%. It is expected that the investment growth rate will continue to accelerate in the fourth quarter, and consumption will also rise steadily. Analysts believe that the signal that economic growth has bottomed out and stabilized is gradually clear, which reduces the necessity of introducing a large-scale relaxation policy in the short term, and the possibility of further RRR cuts and interest rate cuts during the year is low. [Details > >]

Steady growth policy moderately "opens the floodgates" for construction machinery or welcomes opportunities.

After a long period of economic recession, the expectations of various industries for the national investment-driven policy can be described as eager to see. Since September, the National Development and Reform Commission has "opened the floodgates" for infrastructure investment projects, and road traffic and warehousing construction projects, oil pipeline projects and major energy infrastructure projects have been launched one after another. Many people are worried that although the enthusiasm of local governments is high at present, it will be difficult to implement investment funds without bank loans and relaxation. However, the continuous downward trend of the economy is gradually affecting the thinking of decision makers, and it will only take time to relax the monetary policy, which will be good news for the construction machinery industry after 18 months of deep adjustment. [Details > >]

This article is the exclusive report of machinery network, the first project. If reproduced, please indicate the source, and offenders will be prosecuted!

Second, the industry situation

From October 25th to 27th, the 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum and the 2012 China Construction Machinery Agents Annual Meeting will be grandly opened in Kaifeng, Henan. This session focuses on the new pattern of China construction machinery industry, interprets the expectation of the new pattern for a new round of industry marketing reform, and discusses the growth space and possibility based on this. The 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum launched a summit dialogue between manufacturers and agents, which involved several major topics that affected the development trend of China construction machinery industry, such as "strategic transformation and thinking of enterprises, upgrading of innovative industries, global competition, survival rules of agents, and post-market value chain". In 2012, the annual meeting of construction machinery agents in China released "2012 China Construction Machinery Circulation Market Report" and "China Construction Machinery Industry Confidence Index", at the same time, awards were given to the top 50 enterprises that won the top ten marketing events and services of construction machinery in 2012. The results of "Top 10 Marketing Events and Top 50 Services of China Construction Machinery in 2012" were officially announced, and an on-site award ceremony was held.

Keywords: annual meeting of agents, annual meeting of top 50 service companies

The 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum and 2012 China Construction Machinery Agents Annual Meeting opened.

From October 25th to 27th, the 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum and the 2012 China Construction Machinery Agents Annual Meeting will be grandly opened in Kaifeng, Henan. This session focuses on the new pattern of China construction machinery industry, interprets the expectation of the new pattern for a new round of industry marketing reform, and discusses the growth space and possibility based on this.

The 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum launched a summit dialogue between manufacturers and agents, which involved several major topics that affected the development trend of China construction machinery industry, such as "strategic transformation and thinking of enterprises, upgrading of innovative industries, global competition, survival rules of agents, and post-market value chain". In addition, the summit forum also innovatively planned and organized sub-theme meetings such as market hotspots, marketing specials, aftermarket specials and small and medium-sized agent development forums, and invited mainstream enterprises and experts to communicate and exchange, so as to make the participants benefit.

Summit Forum strives to provide a high-end interactive communication platform for industry professionals, and to convey opinions from all sides and opinions of industry leaders to the followers of China construction machinery market development. [Details > >]

The 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum and 2012 China Construction Machinery Agents Annual Meeting opened.

2012 China Top 50 Construction Machinery Service held an award ceremony.

Adhering to the tenet of "providing in-depth service for the industry" and taking "response and development in transition period" as the theme, the 10th China Construction Machinery Marketing Summit Forum and the 2012 China Construction Machinery Agency Annual Meeting ended successfully in Kaifeng, Henan on October 27th. In 2012, the annual meeting of construction machinery agents in China released "2012 China Construction Machinery Circulation Market Report" and "China Construction Machinery Industry Confidence Index", at the same time, awards were given to the top 50 enterprises that won the top ten marketing events and services of construction machinery in 2012. The results of "Top 10 Marketing Events and Top 50 Services of China Construction Machinery in 2012" were officially announced, and an on-site award ceremony was held. [Details > >]

2012 Annual Meeting of China Excavation Machinery Industry was held.

　On October 23rd, 2012, at 8 o’clock in the morning, the 2012 annual meeting of China excavation machinery industry was held in Changzhou with the theme of "rational development and sustainable growth". Zeng Guang ‘an, President of China Construction Machinery Excavation Machinery Branch, Li Hongbao, Secretary General of Excavation Machinery Branch, Xin Chenhua, Director of Machinery Division of Equipment Department of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Zhang Liqun, Director of the State Council Development Research Center, Zang Jianzhong, People’s Government of Wujin District, Changzhou, and other guests attended the meeting, and met with more than 300 representatives of excavator manufacturers and agents from all over the country to discuss the development status and expectations of China excavator industry. [Details > >]

With the theme of "rational development and sustainable growth", the 2012 annual meeting of China excavation machinery industry was held in Changzhou.

Keywords: loader excavator industry is picking up

Analysis on the competition pattern of domestic loader and excavator industry

In 2011, China’s construction machinery industry focused on the transformation of development mode, with adjustment, transformation, innovation and upgrading as the main line. The sales revenue of 20 categories of construction machinery products in China exceeded 500 billion yuan, up more than 17% year-on-year. At present, not only the production and sales amount of the whole industry ranks first in the world, but also it meets the market demand of nearly 90% in China. In December 2011, the total industrial output value of the national construction machinery industry was 51.371 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.02%; An increase of 0.34% from the previous month; The sales output value reached 49.721 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.87%; The chain increased by 1.07%. The production and sales rate in November was 96.08%, an increase of 0.98 percentage points over the previous month. In December, there was a certain gap in the growth rate of total industrial output value and industrial sales output value of the two sub-sectors under the construction machinery industry. [Details > >]

The downstream industry continues to pick up, and the construction machinery industry is expected to benefit.

On September 24th, China Machinery Industry Federation announced the operation express of the national machinery industry in August, which showed that from January to August 2012, the economic operation speed of the national machinery industry showed a downward trend. In August, the cumulative year-on-year growth rate of total industrial output value was 11.95%; The cumulative year-on-year growth rate of industrial sales output value was 11.64%, and that of export delivery value was 5.32%. The year-on-year and month-on-month decline in the construction machinery industry did not last in August, and the market showed signs of recovery. With the acceleration of infrastructure construction and the rebound of real estate sales, the benefit stage of construction machinery is coming again. [Details > >]

Keywords: agent system, industry, baotuan club

Construction machinery agents face the pressure of reshuffling.

In 2012, the construction machinery industry is facing the biggest difficulty in a decade. When the current construction machinery industry is in a downturn, what is the situation of construction machinery agents, the main force in the front line of sales? Statistics show that in the first half of the year, the total accounts receivable of eight major construction machinery stocks reached 70.3 billion yuan, an increase of 55% compared with the same period last year. China Construction Machinery Industry Association recently organized spare parts suppliers, OEMs, agents and end users to gather together to discuss how to understand each other to tide over this round of difficulties. The whole construction machinery industry is United and ready to overcome the difficulties together. [Details > >]

Chinese evolution of agency system

Recently, the dissolution of agency cooperation between Sany Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. and Beijing Founders has been widely circulated in the industry. In this regard, neither party disclosed the details of the breakup nor made a formal response. However, according to the reporter’s understanding, the focus of the problem mainly lies in the differences between the two sides in terms of agency brand, agency area and development direction and strategy of agency enterprises. At present, the two sides are actively negotiating to find a solution, and the follow-up issues are still unresolved, but the breakup is a foregone conclusion. As a well-known enterprise among China construction machinery manufacturers and agents, no matter how to deal with the aftermath in the end, the interests of both parties will be damaged. In fact, similar incidents have occurred in recent years. At present, all kinds of problems about the construction machinery market and agency system in China, which are concealed under the rapid development of the market, seem to have surfaced. In China, the agency system has grown from rare to prosperous, which has not only achieved the huge scale of the construction machinery market in China, but also achieved a number of excellent agents. However, when the market encounters a cold winter, when the scenery of the industry’s extraordinary development is gone, and standing at the crossroads where barbaric growth and profit model transformation have to be ended, some agents feel confused. What’s the problem? Where is the direction? [Details > >]

Development stage of construction machinery agency system in China

How to get out of the dilemma for construction machinery market risk expansion agents

At the end of 2008, in order to protect China’s economy from the impact of the western economic crisis, the China government issued a 4 trillion rescue plan, and many major engineering projects under the government’s intervention were launched one after another, which brought huge "cakes" to the construction machinery industry. Many enterprises began to compete for quantity and expand sales by means of credit. These two double actions were like a huge sponge, which seriously overdrawn the market demand. When everyone’s 4 trillion cakes were eaten, the bitter fruit of the overdraft market began to stand out. How to treat the current market and future direction? Listen to Mr. Xie Bangrong, the chairman of Nanjing Gangjia Construction Machinery Group, a benchmark enterprise among construction machinery agents, trying to solve the industry puzzle. [Details > >]

Thirty agents of Sany Heavy Industry set up operators’ clubs.

In 2012, Sany Heavy Industry set off a wave of construction of operators’ clubs nationwide. The club takes "concrete heart working together to pump into the future" as the theme slogan and helps customers succeed as the organizational purpose. Up to now, 30 agents of Sany Heavy Industry have successively completed the preparatory work for operators’ clubs, and initially established a club network covering 300 Yu Sheng and more than 100,000 operators in the industry. Through a series of special trainings and activities, such as operator’s night, operator’s contest, and "excellent pumping" operator training camp, customers can further appreciate Sany style, understand equipment knowledge and improve operation skills. [Details > >]

Keywords: concrete machinery Excavator manufacturer Changzhou

It is difficult to restrain the expansion impulse of concrete machinery industry, and overcapacity will leave sequelae

Since the growth rate began to decline rapidly in the second quarter of 2011, the construction machinery industry has not yet shown signs of going down, and the growth of the whole industry is still "bottoming out". Affected by this, the previously expanded production capacity of construction machinery enterprises is becoming excess capacity. While Shantui, Liugong and Xugong continue to strengthen the competitiveness of the concrete machinery business sector, the overcapacity of concrete machinery continues to lead to industrial competition and upgrading. According to industry insiders, the overcapacity of domestic construction machinery industry is the surplus of low-end products, and there is still room for development in the field of high-end products. Only by increasing innovation can there be room for survival. [Details > >]

It is very important for excavator manufacturers to deal with the pressure increase.

The 16-month downturn has made the excavator industry feel great pressure. In the first half of 2012, accounts receivable of industrial enterprises increased by nearly 3/4 year-on-year; The inventory amount exceeds 10 billion yuan, up 30% year-on-year, and the cash flow from operating activities is negative, and problems such as creditor’s rights, inventory, funds, agents, factories, suppliers and talents are gradually emerging. However, according to GPS data, the working hours of excavators began to increase in September, which means that the pressure of payment and sales will gradually ease in the future. People in the industry should analyze and judge the national economic and policy direction, choose the right decision, and make every effort to tide over the most difficult period. [Details > >]

The intelligent development of Changzhou construction machinery industry should be grasped from early.

The construction machinery industry has now become an important part of the industrial economy in Changzhou High-tech Zone. At present, the total production and sales of the construction machinery industry in the region accounts for 11.8% of the industrial proportion of enterprises above designated size in the region; And the proportion of the city’s construction machinery industry is 50.9%! On September 20th, the "2012 Changzhou Construction Machinery Development Roundtable" hosted by Changzhou National High-tech Zone Management Committee discussed the above major issues. Leaders of China Construction Machinery Industry Association and representatives of local enterprises such as Chang Lin, Hyundai Jiangsu, Komatsu Changzhou and Terex attended the meeting and made suggestions for the development of Changzhou construction machinery industry. [Details > >]

Keywords: Xiang Wenbo market go tostock enterpriseaccount receivable　 Transformation and upgrading

Sany Xiang Wenbo: The construction machinery market will hardly improve in 2012.

Xiang Wenbo, president of Sany Heavy Industry, recently said in Weibo that the market of construction machinery industry will hardly pick up in 2012. He pointed out that some varieties with excessive market overdraft still have great downward pressure, and products with relatively rational competition, such as road machinery and excavation machinery, may take the lead in recovery. As a whole, next year may still focus on adjustment and digestion, hoping that the industry will resume normal growth in the second half of next year or at the end of next year. But he is still full of confidence in the development of the industry. "China’s economy will enter a new golden period of development from next year, and with the strong export of construction machinery industry, China’s construction machinery industry is likely to enter a new round of rapid growth." [Details > >]

The 8th Construction Machinery Technical Quality Exchange Meeting held innovation and upgrading.

On October 15th-18th, the biennial "National Technical Quality Information Exchange Meeting of Construction Machinery and Vehicles and the General Meeting of Quality Working Committee of China Construction Machinery Industry Association" was held in Changsha. Focusing on the theme of "technological innovation and upgrading, going to the international market", the meeting analyzed the industry prospect and the improvement of enterprise innovation ability. In the face of difficulties, how can enterprises seek comprehensive promotion and development in the competition and realize the transformation from quantitative scale to quality and efficiency? The analysis pointed out that we should closely follow the national industrial policy situation, establish a technology research and development system combining Industry-University-Research, promote the autonomy of major technical equipment, and enhance international competitiveness. [Details > >]

The survival rule of construction machinery under meager profit: destocking and transformation

At present, the whole construction machinery industry has begun to undergo a thorough transformation and reconstruction, and meager profit management has become an inevitable and necessary "pain" in the process of industrial upgrading of construction machinery industry. Whether an enterprise can accelerate the pace of transformation and upgrading in the fields of technological innovation, service innovation, business model innovation and development strategy innovation has become a crucial factor for it to successfully cope with the external situation and pass the survival test during the meager profit operation period. Experts said that the situation of overcapacity must be changed, and it is necessary to improve the competitiveness of products, avoid price wars, speed up the transformation of industrial enterprises, and break high-end technical barriers. [Details > >]

In the future, the development space of small construction machinery industry is broad.

With the continuous improvement of domestic infrastructure, China’s construction mode has gradually begun to change, and the prospects for small construction machinery and equipment are bright. Coupled with the gradual deepening of China’s new rural construction, small equipment is more and more widely used in rural and small town construction. At the same time, with the rapid development of environmental protection and ecological construction, the construction of gardens, greening and farmland is increasing, and the development prospect of small construction machinery is very broad. [Details > >]

Beware of triangular debts in machinery industry when receivables increase to a critical level.

Accounts receivable are an important part of current assets of enterprises, and high accounts receivable is a prerequisite for the formation of triangular debts. Recently, Zhao Xinmin, director of the Statistics and Information Work Department of China Machinery Industry Federation, said that the accounts receivable of heavy machinery and construction machinery industry are growing rapidly and need special attention. Up to now, the increase of accounts receivable in machinery industry is still in the range of 16%~18%, and the total amount is increasing year by year. Insiders suggest that the national level should organize and coordinate the clean-up and formulate relevant specific measures to untie the chain of debt-creditor relationship. [Details > >]

Su Bo: Developing High-end Equipment Manufacturing Industry and Promoting Industrial Transformation and Upgrading

On October 12th, the Shanghai Municipal Government held the Shanghai High-end Equipment Manufacturing Promotion Conference. Su Bo, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, attended the meeting and gave a speech entitled "Vigorously develop high-end equipment manufacturing industry and promote industrial transformation and upgrading", and unveiled the Shanghai High-end Equipment Manufacturing Industry Alliance, Shanghai Robot Industry Alliance and Shanghai High-end Equipment Finance and Insurance Service Alliance. In recent years, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has taken important measures to promote the development of high-end equipment manufacturing industry, such as increasing support for independent innovation research and development, expanding the scope of preferential policies for major technical equipment imports, and strengthening technological transformation of enterprises. [Details > >]

This article is the exclusive report of machinery network, the first project. If reproduced, please indicate the source, and offenders will be prosecuted!

Third, the point of view of enterprises　　

Keywords: Sany Group sued Obama and Zhao Xiangzhang

Sany Group sued the Obama administration for strictly safeguarding the rights and interests of investment in the United States.

On October 18th, Sany Group held a press conference in Beijing to respond to Sany Group’s lawsuit against US President Barack Obama and CFIUS, the investment committee in the United States. In July, the wind farm project operated by Ralls, an affiliated company of Sany Group, in the United States was banned on the grounds of "threatening US national security", and then Obama issued an administrative order prohibiting the project; In October, Ralls added Obama as the defendant, accusing him of violating the provisions of the US Constitution to protect property rights. This is the first time that China enterprises have sued the President of the United States and CFIUS, which is a precedent for China enterprises to protect their rights according to law when they invest in the United States and encounter matter of justice. At the same time, the Ministry of Commerce recently expressed the hope that the judicial department of the United States will hear the lawsuit fairly, fairly and openly. [Details > >]

Mr. Wu Jialiang, Deputy General Manager of Sany Group and CEO of Ralls Company of the United States, stated

On October 11th, 2012, machinery network, the editor of the First Project, learned from the announcement of Sany Heavy Industry that Mr. Zhao Xiangzhang, the director and senior vice president of Sany Heavy Industry, submitted his resignation letter for work reasons, and applied to resign as the senior vice president of the company. After his resignation, he continued to serve as a director in the company. From 2000 to 2003, Zhao Xiangzhang successfully planned, organized and promoted the A-share listing of Sany Heavy Industry, which opened up the company’s continuous financing channels in the capital market and provided a good platform for Sany to achieve leap-forward development. In 2006 -2007, we successfully organized and promoted the private placement of Sany Heavy Industry, the long-term bonds of the National Development and Reform Commission and the short-term bonds of the People’s Bank of China, and raised more than 3 billion yuan for the company at one time. [Details > >]

Zhao Xiangzhang, CEO of Sany International, resigned.

Recently, Sany International announced that Zhou Wanchun had resigned as executive director, member of strategic investment committee and CEO. Mao Zhongwu has resigned as Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chairman of the Strategic Investment Committee and Chairman of the Nomination Committee, but continues to be an executive director, member of the Strategic Investment Committee and member of the Nomination Committee, effective from the 12th of this month.

On the same day, Zhao Xiangzhang, director of Sany Heavy Industry, was appointed as executive director, CEO and chairman of the board of directors, and was appointed as chairman of the strategic investment committee. [Details > >]

Keywords: Zoomlion Weinan Industrial Park Earthmoving Machinery

Member Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference inspected Zhonglian Weinan Earthmoving Machinery Industrial Park.

Recently, Member Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the Standing Committee of CPPCC visited Zoomlion Earth Machinery Industrial Park. It is reported that Weinan High-tech Zone has speeded up the adjustment of industrial structure, organically unified maintaining stable and rapid economic development with accelerating the transformation of economic development mode, and built a new industrial cluster park. Zoomlion Weinan earthmoving machinery industrial park project covers a total area of 2,000 mu, which is mainly divided into three phases, the first phase is mainly excavator production project, the second phase is mainly tower crane and elevator production project, and the third phase is bulldozer production project. At present, the first-phase excavator production project has been put into production, with an annual output of 10,000 excavators. [Details > >]

Fearless "cold winter" Zoomlion’s internationalization strategy has achieved initial results

Following the successful sales of a single 200 ZE360E excavators in Inner Mongolia, Zoomlion Earthworks Company sent the good news that 400 excavators were exported to the Middle East. On August 23rd, the first day after the holiday of Eid al-Fitr in the Arab world, Zoomlion Earthwork Company Middle East received a contract advance payment paid by a group customer as scheduled, which marked that a large order with a total number of more than 400 units and a value of 300 million yuan officially entered the implementation stage. The signing of this order set a new record for the largest single sales in the Middle East, and also marked the initial success of Zoomlion’s internationalization strategy with global layout. [Details > >]

400 excavators of Zoomlion Earthmoving Machinery Company were exported to the Middle East at the launching ceremony.

Zoomlion was once again supported by the Provincial Natural Science Fund.

Recently, the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Science and Technology Department issued a notice, and the project "Research on Vibration Response and Active Control of Concrete Pump Boom under the Coupling Effect of Hydraulic Pressure and Concrete Impact" declared by Dr. Yi Huang from the Engineering Technology Center of Zoomlion Concrete Machinery Company was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province in 2012. This funding not only affirmed the strong strength of Zoomlion’s high-end R&D talents, but also fully reflected the recognition that Zoomlion attaches great importance to basic research work, and also achieved a breakthrough that Zoomlion Concrete Machinery Company hosted the Natural Science Fund project. [Details > >]

Keywords: Xugong　Rare earth storage exit　 Qian’ an Brazil

Xugong invested 490 million yuan to enter Ganzhou Rare Earth Storage Company.

Xugong Machinery announced in the evening that the company plans to invest 490 million yuan in Xugong, a wholly-owned subsidiary. Xugong Investment plans to invest 490 million yuan to jointly establish Ganzhou Rare Earth Storage Co., Ltd. with Ganzhou State-owned Assets Company and Ganzhou Hongtai. The registered capital of the storage company is 1 billion yuan, and the contributions of Xugong Investment, Ganzhou State-owned Assets Company and Ganzhou Hongtai account for 49%, 46% and 5% of the shares of the storage company respectively. The purchasing and storage company is mainly engaged in the sales of rare earth separation products and rare earth metal products, the development of rare earth deep processing products, the sales of chemical raw materials and auxiliary materials for rare earth production, and the consulting of rare earth technical services.

According to the announcement, due to the scarcity and extensive application of rare earth resources and the unique position of China’s rare earth resources reserves and supply, investing in the establishment of a storage company will expand the company’s business scope and enhance the company’s visibility in the resource field, which is expected to achieve a rich return on investment. [Details > >]

People’s Daily published an article praising Xugong Group’s contrarian growth.

On October 14th, People’s Daily published an article entitled "How to treat some enterprises’ operational difficulties" in the column of "Face to Face with Economic Hotspots", praising Xugong Group for achieving contrarian growth under the current severe international economic environment. Taking Xugong Group as an example, this paper points out that Xuzhou has developed from low-end processing and assembly to high-end industrial value chain by persisting in technological transformation and innovation and mastering a series of core technologies, and its profitability has been enhanced. From January to July, Xugong Group exported more than 7,000 sets of various types of construction machinery, with a total of 900 million US dollars in export delivery value, up 49% year-on-year. [Details > >]

Xugong Northern Base Project with a total investment of 3 billion yuan settled in Qian ‘an.

On the morning of October 27th, Xugong Group’s mining machinery and equipment manufacturing base and supporting projects were officially signed in Qian ‘an, which is the only investment project of Xugong Group in North China at present, which is the leader of the national equipment manufacturing industry. Jong Li, Mayor of Qian ‘an City, signed a contract with the head of Xugong.

"The Qian ‘an project of Xugong Group mainly includes a large-scale mining machinery manufacturing base, a supporting parts production base, a mining machinery research branch, a construction machinery trade city and a talent apartment supporting the project. The total investment of the project is 3 billion yuan, which will be built in two phases. After the project is put into production, it will realize sales income of 5 billion yuan and profits and taxes of 750 million yuan." Yang Dongsheng, vice president of Xugong Group and general manager of science and technology branch, said at the signing ceremony: "As the largest investment project of Xugong Group in North China, after the project is completed and put into production, Qian ‘an will become an industrial base radiating the whole core area of North China and Northeast China and the largest mining machinery manufacturing base in China." [Details > >]

XXCMG XAP120 new asphalt mixing station came out successfully.

Recently, the XAP series asphalt mixing station of the mixing station factory has added a new member-XAP 120 mixing station. XAP120 is a new asphalt mixing station independently developed by Xugong Technology. This product has the technical advantages of small unit module, high reliability and intelligent control, and meets the development trend of modularization, high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection of containers. This product is not only high in technical content, reasonable in design, but also convenient to operate, beautiful in form and small in floor space. Compared with similar products in China, it has a fairly strong competitive strength and a fairly broad market space. At present, XAP120 asphalt mixing station has completed the assembly of parts and entered the pre-assembly stage of the whole machine. This year, Xugong asphalt mixing station has been eye-catching against the trend, and has made great breakthroughs in sales volume and regional market. After XAP new asphalt mixing station is put into the market, it will further enrich the product spectrum of Xugong asphalt mixing station, enhance the competitiveness of the product series of mixing station and become a powerful economic growth point. [Details > >]

In the first nine months, Xugong products exported to Brazil exceeded 1,200 units, up 200% year-on-year.

With the deepening of Xugong’s internationalization journey, the Brazilian market is one of the important overseas export markets and manufacturing bases of Xugong Group. From January to September, 2012, the export performance was gratifying, reaching new heights repeatedly, with over 1,200 vehicles starting, up by 200% year-on-year, even spanning two steps, and the rising trend was gratifying. This year, Xugong Import & Export Company actively cooperated with the construction of Brazil Industrial Park, and gave full play to its subjective initiative. On the one hand, it maintained and supported the distributor’s sales outlets, and reserved equipment in advance according to the market forecast, especially cranes, loaders and excavators that are expected to be exported in batches. [Details > >]

Keywords: Volvo excavator Keith the Digger microfilm

2012 Volvo Digger Finals: The strongest voice in excavator industry.

2012 is a year in which Volvo’s "Digging for War Talent" competition achieved a breakthrough. This year’s competition is larger than the last one, with higher overall level of contestants and far-reaching industry influence. The contest fully demonstrated the good spirit of excavator operators in China and delivered a positive energy to the industry. This year’s competition set up a "popular star" session to set up a stage for excavator operators to perform their talents, and introduced 120 first aid and mechanical repair and maintenance courses in the training session. In 2012, Volvo’s "Digger" set an example for building comprehensive talents, saved energy for the industry to meet new development opportunities, and performed the strongest voice in the excavator industry. [Details > >]

2012 Volvo Digger Finals: The strongest voice in excavator industry.

Development of collision warning system with emergency braking function for Volvo trucks

Recently, Volvo trucks have developed a collision warning system with emergency braking function to avoid collision accidents caused by distraction. This new system uses radar and camera to identify and monitor the vehicles in front, which can avoid colliding with vehicles that are stationary or whose relative speed is within 70 kilometers per hour. When the system detects that the truck will hit the vehicle in front, it will automatically start the flashing red light mode at the windshield to remind the driver to concentrate on the road immediately. When all attempts to avoid collision fail, the emergency brake will be activated and the truck will be stopped completely by all means. [Details > >]

Case Construction Machinery Shoots the First Microfilm in the Industry

Construction machinery is a tradition among traditions because of its "heavy" characteristics. However, CASE Case Construction Machinery has recently made a bold attempt and made a micro-movie. "I believe that everyone can see the finished product soon. Microfilm can tell an impressive story in a short time. We want to change the form of traditional advertising films and spread them in the form of microfilm, which not only pleases customers, but also conveys the spirit of Case and promotes Case equipment. " Howard Dale, CEO of Case Construction Machinery Asia Pacific, said that the attempt of microfilm is also an innovative move of Case in image promotion. [Details > >]

Keywords: Liugong Antarctic scientific research mountain push SINOMACH MAG temporary work

Liugong machinery is ready to go to the South Pole with the "Snow Dragon"

On October 17th, Liugong held a ceremony in Liuzhou headquarters to go to the Antarctic expedition with the Snow Dragon. As technical experts, Liao Huanmin and Li Chuanhong were selected by polar research institute of china as the members of the 29th expedition to the Antarctic. This is the third batch of technical experts who participated in the national polar scientific research after Yan Wei and others. At the same time, Liugong engineering machinery and equipment will appear in extremely cold conditions for the first time. On the 23rd, Liugong will hold the "Donation Ceremony of China Antarctic Scientific Research Equipment" at the special pier of Xuelong in Pudong Port, Shanghai. The mechanical equipment donated by Liugong will go to the polar battlefield to contribute to the polar scientific research. [Details > >]

The research group of the State Administration of Work Safety investigated the safety training of Shantui.

On the afternoon of October 12th, Deputy Director Zhang Yong of state administration of work safety made an investigation on Shantui safety training. Deputy Director Zhang Yong pointed out: the State Council has made safety training, safety science and technology and safety law enforcement the three major priorities of China’s safety production supervision in the next 15 years, among which safety training is the first priority. Shantui always puts safety training in the top priority of all work, pays attention to the innovation of training forms and the diversity of training contents; Safety training has clear thinking, effective measures and obvious effects, which fully shows the quality that national first-class safety production standardization enterprises should have. [Details > >]　

SINOMACH bids for German MAG Chinese enterprises to buy German companies six times a year.

On October 6th, according to Reuters’s report, China Machinery Industry Group has formally submitted a bid offer to German competitor MAG; A spokesman for MAG confirmed that the company is now negotiating with potential acquirers and it is expected that the negotiations will be completed in the fourth quarter. Under the European debt crisis, China companies planned to bargain-hunt German enterprises and set off a wave of mergers and acquisitions. Since the beginning of this year, there have been five M&A cases in China manufacturing companies. If SINOMACH succeeds in bidding for MAG, it will increase the number of M&A cases to six. Experts suggest that it is necessary to fully consider the cultural integration, brand maintenance and transnational management promotion after mergers and acquisitions. [Details > >]

Lingong International Service "Pioneer" Brand "Behind the Temple"

"Under the current situation that the domestic market is relatively weak due to the overall macroeconomic environment, major enterprises, including Shandong Lingong, regard opening up the international market as a strategic way to promote enterprise development." The relevant person in charge of Shandong Lingong Strategic Planning Department said that Lingong is committed to building the preferred brand of construction machinery for overseas users, and internationalization strategy is the main development strategy of the enterprise. Taking the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, South Africa) and the Middle East countries as the core markets, and focusing on channel, service and brand building, is the key for temporary workers to make a breakthrough in the international market. [Details > >]

This article is the exclusive report of machinery network, the first project. If reproduced, please indicate the source, and offenders will be prosecuted!

Fourth, product focus

Keywords: Shanghai BMW Exhibition Caterpillar Mountain Push

Shanghai BMW Exhibition: Ten Years’ Interpretation of the Legend of "China No.1 Trade Exhibition"

Bauma China International Construction Machinery, Building Materials Machinery, Construction Vehicles and Equipment Expo "(Shanghai BMW Exhibition) will be grandly opened in Shanghai New International Expo Center from November 27 to 30, 2012. By then, the 300,000-square-meter exhibition space will gather nearly 2,700 exhibitors from 40 countries and regions around the world, with an estimated audience of more than 170,000.

Bauma China, as the extension of the world’s largest construction machinery exhibition in China, has become a competitive stage for global construction machinery enterprises. On this stage, there are many excellent enterprises and excellent products, which represent the most advanced productive forces, carry the historical mission of industry development, enhance the level of industrial civilization, and even change the life of each of us … [Details > >]

Four new Cat? products will be unveiled at BMW Shanghai 2012.

At the upcoming 2012 Shanghai BMW Exhibition, Asia’s largest construction trade fair, Caterpillar? will present its four brand-new products, including two hydraulic excavators, a wheel loader and a mining truck, to thousands of visitors in its exhibition area (exhibition hall N1 of Shanghai New International Expo Center). These new products will help Caterpillar’s investment and development in China’s construction industry, and expand the business scope of products and parts in China.

"China is an important market for our business development, and we are providing users with more valuable new products and services through continuous investment. Shanghai BMW Exhibition gives us the opportunity to close the distance with users and show them Caterpillar’s high-quality products, world-class technology and excellent after-sales service. " Phillip Pollock, Asia Pacific Marketing Manager of Caterpillar Global Infrastructure Division, said. [Details > >]

Four new Cat? products will be unveiled at BMW Shanghai 2012.

The core innovative products of Shantui Machinery will be unveiled at the 2012 Shanghai BMW Exhibition.

The highly anticipated "2012 China International Construction Machinery, Building Materials Machinery, Construction Vehicles and Equipment Expo" (referred to as "Shanghai BMW Exhibition") will be held in Shanghai New International Expo Center from November 27 to 30, 2012, and famous brands from leading enterprises at home and abroad will gather for the exhibition. Shandong Shantui Machinery Co., Ltd. will launch many innovative products with core innovation technologies for the industry at this grand event, and stage a new product symphony of "Quality Shantui, Smart Machinery" at this exhibition.

Shantui SER30 rotary drilling rig

Three Japanese brands of construction machinery have successively withdrawn from Shanghai BMW Exhibition.

On November 27-30, baumaChina2012, the largest annual exhibition of construction machinery industry in 2012, will open in Shanghai. However, as the dispute over Diaoyu Islands between China and Japan continues to exist, Japanese brand construction machinery enterprises have gradually withdrawn from this BMW exhibition. Following KOMATSU’s initial confirmation that he would not participate in the exhibition, HITACHI Construction Machinery and KOBECLO of Kobelco Construction Machinery have formally submitted their applications to the organizing committee of baumaChina2012, announcing their withdrawal from this exhibition. At present, the news has been officially confirmed by the exhibition organizing Committee. It is reported that other Japanese brand enterprises have withdrawn from this BMW exhibition in the later period. [Details > >]

Information released by baumaChina Shanghai BMW Exhibition on its Sina Weibo.

Keywords: Zoomlion Tower Crane Guinness Record Excavator ZACB01

Zoomlion D1250-80 Tower Crane Set a Guinness World Record

"The D 1250-80 tower crane successfully lifted 5.5 tons of heavy objects in the working range of 110 meters, which is a new Guinness World Record." Through a series of key technical innovations, the machine has solved the problems of lightweight design of large working range boom and precise control of mechanism, and the performance of the whole machine ranks in the world’s leading level. In June, 2011, Zoomlion introduced the flat-headed tower crane technology of JOST Company in Germany, which not only deeply integrated in product research and development, process innovation and application of new materials, but also insisted on independent innovation, especially emphasizing the original innovation, integrated innovation and re-innovation on the basis of introduction, digestion and absorption. [Details > >]

Zoomlion launches the world’s largest ZACB01 wheeled crane.

Luo Kai, the engineer of Zoomlion, said: "Zoomlion ZACB01 is the largest wheeled crane in the world at present, and its successful off-line indicates that Zoomlion has become a new benchmark for the domestic super-large wheeled crane industry!" More than 80 proprietary technology patents have been applied for this product, and the invention patents exceed 50%. The maximum actual lifting capacity can exceed 1,000 tons, and the maximum lifting height can reach 160m m. ZACB01 is the only all terrain crane in the world that can hoist a 3MW wind turbine by using telescopic boom or special flying boom for wind power, and only using telescopic boom can hoist 800t chemical towers, tanks and metallurgical equipment. [Details > >]

Zoomlion’s largest order for concrete machinery in Iran market was successfully delivered.

On October 15th, Zoomlion Concrete Machinery Co., Ltd. and Iran A.K Company signed a single order for the largest amount of concrete machinery in the Iranian market, and the delivery was completed. This order is worth more than US$ 4 million, including 20 pump trucks and 9 towing pumps. A.K. Company is the most powerful construction machinery agent in Iran and the exclusive agent of Zoomlion earth-moving machinery in Iran. In the first half of the year, it successively purchased hundreds of sets of various construction machinery from Zoomlion. The signing of this order has broadened Zoomlion’s sales channels in Iran, and its market share in Iran is expected to increase by 30% in the next few years. [Details > >]

Keywords: Xugong excavator loader 37 million large orders

Nearly 100 excavators from Xugong were exported to Ghana, winning a large order of 100 million yuan.

Recently, the overseas market of Xugong Excavators has also reported good news: Xugong Excavators have won orders for Ghana with a total value of about 100 million yuan with excellent product quality, including nearly 100 products such as XE230C, XE260C, XE335C and XE370CA. This order has performed well in the global construction machinery market under the "cold winter" market situation, refreshing the sales record of Xugong excavators for single-batch export. Ghana is located in the west of Africa. Although its area is small, its abundant mineral resources are unusual, and its gold resources rank among the top 10 in the world. The expansion of gold mining capacity needs the introduction of a large number of advanced equipment. [Details > >]

Xugong concrete machinery Nanjing market signed 37 million big orders.

Recently, Xugong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. signed 37 million large orders in Nanjing market, which is the first large order for Xugong concrete machinery products in Nanjing market, and blew the horn of Xugong concrete machinery to enter the main market of Jiangsu, the largest demand market for concrete machinery products in China. Since the beginning of this year, Xugong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. has been keeping a close eye on the market demand and expanding the brand influence of Xugong concrete machinery products in accordance with the requirements put forward by Chairman Wang Min that "Xugong Group will form a three-point world structure in China and the world in the next three years". Xugong concrete machinery has been recognized and favored by the market for its excellent quality and excellent service. [Details > >]

60 LW300F loaders from Xugong were exported to Russia in batches.

Xugong’s export to Central Asia is another good news: exporting 60 LW300F loaders to Russia at one time. This export to Russia is also the largest single export volume of loaders in this region this year. The classic fixed axis design of LW300F loader has reliable performance. The transmission system and hydraulic system are perfectly matched, saving energy and protecting the environment. It is the first in China to start the automobile manufacturing process in an all-round way, using all-metal molded panels, electrophoretic painting, effective rust prevention, long-term maintenance of new car color, and high resale value. 12 tons of powerful bucket digging force ensures outstanding adaptation to various harsh working conditions. [Details > >]

Xugong independently researched and developed QAY1600 all terrain crane chassis off the assembly line.

A few days ago, the QAY1600 chassis of the world’s largest ground crane successfully rolled off the assembly line, marking that China has once again reached a new height in the R&D and manufacturing of super-tonnage all terrain crane chassis. QAY1600 all terrain crane chassis independently developed by Xugong Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. adopts self-made 9 axles, equipped with high-performance hydro-pneumatic suspension system, and adopts all-wheel multi-mode electro-hydraulic steering, which can realize various functions such as turning in place and crab steering, and the whole machine has stronger driving maneuverability. At the same time, QAY1600 chassis adopts multi-axle drive technology, which has strong power, can be used for heavy-duty driving and off-road, and the maximum climbing degree can reach 50 degrees. [Details > >]

Keywords: Caterpillar SKYFALL shovelexcavator 6030B FS

Caterpillar 6030B FS excavator will be launched in the fourth quarter of 2013.

The 6030B FS(316 tons) large-scale front shovel hydraulic excavator exhibited at MINEXPO 2012 is the first B series product in Caterpillar’s extensive hydraulic shovel product line. 6030B FS features a newly designed cab, which is ergonomically designed, with super visibility in the working area and a clear view of the arm and boom. These functions have improved the driver’s comfort and work efficiency. The inspection aisles and handrails have also been redesigned to enhance the safety of drivers and technicians. [Details > >]

Caterpillar 6030B FS hydraulic excavator.

Caterpillar Excavator Appears in 007 Bond Movie SKYFALL

James Bond and Caterpillar joined hands to participate in the 23rd Bond adventure film SKYFALL. The exciting part of the film shows Bond operating a Caterpillar excavator. Caterpillar prides itself on designing and manufacturing equipment to meet customers’ needs. According to the requirements of the production company, the 320DL cockpit was installed in reverse. At the shooting site, Caterpillar dealers provide on-site expertise and services, as well as shooting equipment, such as generator sets, a skid steer loader and mini hydraulic excavators. On October 23rd, "SKYFALL" premiered in London, and was released around the world after 26th. [Details > >]

Cat 316t front shovel excavator unveiled at 2012MINExpo.

At the recently concluded MineExpo 2012 in Las Vegas, Caterpillar showed the first B-series product in its hydraulic shovel product line, the ——6030B FS excavator. This machine is combined with a large number of Carter components that can improve its reliability and durability, and both front shovel and backhoe can be configured. Equipped with two C27 diesel engines, it can generate 1140kW of power, and it can provide a full set of diesel and electric-driven optional products. The B series products also adopt C95 GET and hydraulic hammer-free design, which makes the bucket teeth easy to assemble and disassemble. It adopts TriPower bucket kinematics principle, intuitive on-board electronic system and durable fuselage structure. [Details > >]

This article is the exclusive report of machinery network, the first project. If reproduced, please indicate the source, and offenders will be prosecuted!

V. Engineering construction

Construction of Baolan Passenger Dedicated Line started, and Gansu entered the era of high-speed rail.　

Recently, the Shaanxi section of Baoji-Lanzhou high-speed rail project officially started. After the completion of this special line, passengers will take the high-speed rail from Baoji to Lanzhou, and the ride time will be shortened to 2 hours. Zhengzhou citizens only need about 5 hours to get to Lanzhou via Zhengxi and Xibao high-speed rail. It is reported that the Baolan Passenger Dedicated Line is designed as a high-speed railway, and the total construction period of the project is 5 years. This special line is the first high-grade railway passenger dedicated line built in the collapsible loess mountainous area in the west of China. After the completion of the project, Lanzhou to Baoji can be reached in 2.3 hours, and Lanzhou to Beijing can be reached in 8 hours, which greatly shortens the time and space distance between cities and realizes the networking between the northwest region and the national express passenger dedicated line. [Details > >]

Site map of Baolan Passenger Dedicated Line

Railway water conservancy intensive "catch up with work" construction machinery can take advantage of the situation to pursue

Near the end of the year, the promotion of railway engineering projects has once again become a hot topic, and railway construction has become a top priority for the Ministry of Railways.

A few days ago, some media reported that the Ministry of Railways will ensure that a number of new major railway projects will be started this year, and that a number of new major railway projects will be started this year, such as Zhengzhou to Xuzhou, Baoji to Lanzhou, Xi ‘an to Chengdu, Shijiazhuang to Jinan, Chongqing-Guizhou capacity expansion and Ningxi double track. Recently, 13 new railway construction projects have been added, from 9 planned at the beginning of the year to 22, and the railway infrastructure investment plan has been repeatedly increased from 406 billion yuan planned at the beginning of the year to 516 billion yuan, an increase of over 100 billion yuan … [Details > >]

Foundation laying ceremony of Baolan Passenger Dedicated Line

　China’s construction of the third line of west-to-east gas pipeline network has recently started.

According to Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 24, another strategic energy transportation artery in China, the third-line project of West-to-East gas transmission, started recently.

Zhao Yujian, director of China Oil and Gas Pipeline Bureau, said that pipeline, as the fifth largest transportation form after railway, highway, water transport and air transport, is still a new industry in China. China’s oil and gas pipeline construction will last for 5 to 10 years to build a national oil and gas pipeline network. Following the first and second lines of west-east gas transmission, the third line of west-east gas transmission has started construction, and the fourth and fifth lines are under planning. In the construction of four strategic oil and gas import channels, the C line of natural gas pipeline in northwest and central Asia started in September this year, and the D line is expected to start next year. In Northeast China, the Sino-Russian natural gas pipeline is being planned, and the Sino-Russian crude oil pipeline will be expanded from 15 million tons to 30 million tons annually. In the southwest, the China-Myanmar natural gas pipeline is expected to be ventilated on May 1 next year. [Details > >]

The first trial run of Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway will accelerate the economic integration in Northeast China.

At 7: 30 on October 8, the G328 train of Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway departed from Harbin West Railway Station and arrived at Dalian North Railway Station in about three and a half hours. This is the first trial run of Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway after 440,000 kilometers of debugging. It is expected that the high-speed railway will be officially put into operation at the end of the year. At this point, the four major cities of Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang and Dalian in Northeast China have achieved access within 4 hours. The four major economic zones, namely Liaoning coastal economic zone, Shenyang economic zone, Changjitu economic zone and Hadaqi industrial corridor, will be integrated. Song Yuxiang, executive vice president of China Northeast Research Institute of Northeast Normal University, pointed out that after the opening of Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway, a number of economic zones in Northeast China will be connected, which will promote the process of economic integration in this region. [Details > >]

In 2015, the total mileage of high-speed rail in China is expected to reach 18,000 kilometers.

The 12th Five-Year Comprehensive Transportation System Plan recently issued by the State Council proposes that China will connect the "four vertical and four horizontal" high-speed rail network in 2015, and build relevant auxiliary lines, extension lines and tie lines. According to the Ministry of Railways, the total mileage of high-speed rail in China will reach 18,000 kilometers by then.

High-speed railway refers to the railway with a speed of more than 200 kilometers per hour. At present, the operating mileage of high-speed railway in China is 6,894 kilometers. The Plan also mentioned that the national rapid railway network will be basically completed by then. The express railway lines with a speed of more than 160 kilometers per hour will reach more than 40,000 kilometers, which is twice as high as that at the end of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010), and basically covers cities with a population of more than 500,000. [Details > >]

Shanghai Jintai full casing cast-in-place pile Guangqing Expressway started perfectly.

On September 25th, the consultation draft of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Guangzhou Traffic was published, and the reconstruction and expansion project of Guangqing Expressway, which was widely concerned by the society, was included in the implementation project. The next day, the Huadu section of the project was put on hold for nearly a year, and finally ushered in a grand ceremony of comprehensive construction. Shanghai Jintai SH30 rotary drilling rig, which led the pile foundation construction of this project, laid the first "full casing cast-in-place pile" in this project with the sound of firecrackers. [Details > >]

Shanghai Jintai full casing cast-in-place pile Guangqing Expressway started perfectly.

The cumulative investment of 900 billion yuan in the West-East Gas Pipeline Project is the highest in the country.

The West-to-East Gas Pipeline is the longest and largest gas pipeline in China. Over the past 10 years since the construction of the West-East Gas Transmission Project, more than 100 independent intellectual property rights have been created. On this basis, the project is progressing smoothly and has become the main artery of clean energy supply in China.

Route map of natural gas west-to-east gas transmission project

It is reported that the first-line and second-line projects of west-to-east gas transmission have been completed and put into operation, with a cumulative investment of more than 290 billion yuan, which is one of the largest infrastructure projects in China; The length of the pipeline reaches 15,000 kilometers, which is the longest pipeline project in the world. It has crossed 15 provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomous regions and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, benefiting more than 400 million people. It is the infrastructure project with the largest population. [Details > >]

The investment in fixed assets of Gansu’s "3341" project exceeded one trillion yuan.

On October 14th, Wang Sanyun, secretary of the Gansu Provincial Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, proposed at the summary meeting of the on-site observation activities of the newly-built projects in Gansu Province that the Gansu Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government decided to implement the "3341" project, that is, to build three strategic platforms, implement three major infrastructure projects and aim at four major industrial directions, so as to ensure that the investment in fixed assets in the province will exceed 1 trillion yuan by 2016.

The 12th Party Congress of Gansu Province has set the goal of "tripling, upgrading, approaching and shrinking", which means that the project construction must be placed in a more important position in the next five years. On the basis of careful analysis of the implementation of major strategic projects in the province in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the provincial party committee and government comprehensively examine the objectives and tasks in the next five years and the current development situation, and at the same time make full use of the achievements of project observation, in order to focus on the key points of project construction and form a general grasp on project construction, they decided to implement the "3341" project. [Details > >]

This article is the exclusive report of machinery network, the first project. If reproduced, please indicate the source, and offenders will be prosecuted!

Six, after the market operation

The total output value of China’s remanufacturing industry will reach 150 billion yuan in 2015.

With the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" listing remanufacturing as an energy-saving and environmental protection industry, China’s remanufacturing industry has entered an all-round speed-up stage. It is estimated that by 2015, the total output value of the remanufacturing industry is expected to reach 150 billion yuan. Under the condition that the quality and performance of remanufacturing industry are not lower than that of new products, the cost is only 50% of new products, energy saving is more than 60%, material saving is more than 70%, and the adverse environmental impact is significantly reduced. Gao Dongsheng, deputy director of the Department of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that at the policy level, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is carrying out pilot projects in the fields of construction machinery, motors and internal combustion engines, and is striving to foster the formation of a standardized and large-scale remanufacturing industrial chain. [Details > >]

The Road of Developing Construction Machinery Parts Industry Based on Independent Brand

From the 2012 annual meeting of construction machinery parts in China, we know that the development of construction machinery parts industry in 2012 has declined seriously compared with the past, so it is more urgent to guide the innovation and development of the industry and enhance the overall brand influence of the industry. The equipment manufacturing industry, especially the construction machinery industry, is the foundation of China’s national economic development, and as one of the key industries, the development of supporting parts is even more important. The construction machinery parts industry has almost the same problems as other equipment manufacturing industries: weak awareness of brand building, lack of market competitiveness with foreign brands, and lack of independent product production and design technology. [Details > >]

The new factory of Liugong Remanufacturing is completed, and the sales target in 2015 is 250 million.

On October 10th, the Remanufacturing Company of Liugong Aftermarket Business Division launched the inauguration ceremony of the new factory in Liugong International Industrial Park. Yu Yajun, vice president of Liugong Co., Ltd., put forward the grand goal of achieving an output value of 50 million yuan in 2013 and 250 million yuan in 2015 for all employees of the remanufacturing company, which means that Liugong’s remanufacturing business has opened a new page. In 2013, Liugong remanufactured the parts of loaders and excavators, focusing on the research of remanufactured products such as cylinders, valves and hydraulic motors, and developed high-priced remanufactured products, forming a new growth point of remanufactured products. [Details > >]

The new factory of Liugong Remanufacturing Company was completed (photographed by Wang Chongbin)

Innovative mode Tianjin has become the largest financial leasing cluster in China.

In recent years, Tianjin’s financial leasing industry has developed rapidly and is in a leading position in the country. As of the first half of the year, there were 80 financial leasing companies headquartered in Tianjin, and the registered capital of various financial leasing companies in Tianjin was about 50 billion yuan, accounting for about one third of the country. In the international market, more than 60% of construction machinery is realized through financial leasing. Tianjin actively supports domestic and foreign construction machinery manufacturers to produce and trade in Binhai New Area. Zoomlion, Guangxi Yuchai, Taizhong Group and Caterpillar have all set up corresponding institutions in Tianjin, taking advantage of Tianjin’s port advantages to open up the international construction machinery leasing market, which has achieved good results. [Details > >]

Demand for second-hand excavators has soared, and the potential of construction machinery industry can still be tapped.

In 2012, in the development stage of the domestic construction machinery market, a large number of construction machinery was enriched around the market, and a large number of second-hand excavators left over from idle equipment and replacement equipment circulated in the domestic market. The prospects of second-hand excavators in the domestic market are very prominent, and they have a very great influence among customers, especially among customers who have just entered the business. The second-hand excavators that have been in short construction period are very popular with customers. As a new industry, second-hand excavators have great potential in construction machinery and equipment. [Details > >]

The era of financial leasing in Hubei involves manufacturing, mining and other industries.

In 2011, the balance of financial leasing contracts in Hubei Province exceeded 10 billion yuan, covering manufacturing, mining, high-tech, medical and health care, transportation and other industries. Financing lease, also known as equipment lease, refers to a lease that essentially transfers all or most of the risks and rewards related to asset ownership. For example, in car financing lease, the lessee only needs to pay the down payment and the monthly rent. After the lease expires and the rent is paid, the car can be transferred to the customer. [Details > >]

Yuchai YCD4V engine successfully ignited to achieve national 4 emission.

On the morning of October 16th, 2012, Yan Ping, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Yuchai Group Company, started the ignition button of the new YCD4V engine, and the engine ran smoothly and smoothly, with a smooth and powerful sound. The displacement of YCD4V engine is 2.5L, and the cylinder diameter is 89mm. It adopts the electronically controlled VE pump oil supply system, reaching the national 4 emission level, and has the characteristics of high power and compact shape. At present, this kind of engine has a huge demand in the domestic market and has a good market prospect. [Details > >]

Yan Ping operates the control system to ignite and start the engine.

Explore the deep-seated reasons for Xugong’s implementation of "operator training"

"We have established 12 pilot training bases all over the country, and we will build 30 by the end of this year; At the same time, an online school was opened. " Ding Honggang, deputy director of the Technical Center of Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., said that in the first seven months, a total of 937 people received training from Xugong’s "Operator Training Program". Yu Zhan of Xuzhong Marketing Department said that in order to promote the sustained, healthy and benign development of the industry, Xugong Group has implemented the "Crane Value Enhancement Project" since last year, and one of the important contents is to start the "Operator Training Program". Leading the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain to a higher level is the responsibility of Xugong as the industry leader. [Details > >]

Liugong Remanufacturing New Factory Completed Special Research on Oil Cylinder Hydraulic Motor

Recently, the inauguration ceremony of the new factory of Liugong Remanufacturing Company was held in Liugong International Industrial Park. The new factory of Liugong Remanufacturing Company covers an area of 6,300 square meters. At present, the remanufacturing business is mainly based on the old products of transmission and hydraulic system, and the products are remanufactured on the basis of the original manufacturing with advanced technology and equipment. In the coming year, Liugong remanufacturing will achieve the sales target of 50 million yuan, and gradually form a complete range of remanufacturing technologies, and strive to achieve the strategic plan of the sales target of 250 million yuan in Liugong parts remanufacturing business in 2015. [Details > >]

Create a corporate culture that conforms to the development of the times

Enterprise competition is embodied in product competition, and behind product competition is actually a contest of enterprise culture. The entity of corporate culture contest is the high-quality staff of the enterprise, which comes from a relatively perfect enterprise employment mechanism and a good enterprise employment environment. The development of a country is inseparable from its culture, and the development of an enterprise is also inseparable from its culture. The establishment of corporate culture in the new century is the fundamental guarantee to create a harmonious corporate atmosphere and excellent corporate environment, so that enterprises can develop stably and healthily in the face of opportunities and challenges in the new century. [Details > >]

Create a corporate culture that conforms to the development of the times

This article is the exclusive report of machinery network, the first project. If reproduced, please indicate the source, and offenders will be prosecuted!

Warning everywhere

Natural baths are still raging.

The tragic incident sounded the alarm for the reservoir players. However, after the drowning accident, there are still hundreds of people "hiking" every day in Qinglong Mountain Reservoir.

"The accident happened on July 12, and there were fewer people swimming on the 13th, but the next two days happened to be weekends, and there were more people playing with water. On the afternoon of the 16th, there were fewer talents because of the heavy rain." The relevant staff of Fusheng Police Station of Yuecheng District Public Security Bureau told the reporter that after the accident, they strengthened the inspection and pulled up a huge red warning banner on the dam of the reservoir.

On the afternoon of July 14th, the reporter came to the reservoir specially, heard the incessant horn call of "No Entry into the Water", and saw various fixed warning signs, which read, "There have been many drowning accidents in this reservoir over the years! The water depth of the reservoir, please pay attention to safety! " "The water depth is dangerous, pay attention to safety" and so on.

The reporter saw that Shaoxing Yuchacun Tea Industry Co., Ltd. specially set up a warm reminder iron sign beside the reservoir, which said that the water in Qinglongshan Reservoir is deep, the water temperature is low and there is obvious stratification. Please pay attention to safety, do a good job of personal protection, and take responsibility for accidents. The reservoir is the core scenic spot of Matcha Town. Please take all the garbage away or put it in the dustbin.

"The Qinglong Mountain Reservoir in Fusheng Town, Yuecheng District, with tea gardens, reservoirs and green hills set each other off, is a well-known punching point in online celebrity. Every summer, the temperature here is several degrees Celsius lower than that in the urban area, which is a good place to cool off in summer. " Mr. Jin, who came here to swim, told reporters that he is an outdoor sports enthusiast and has been swimming in Qinglong Mountain for 10 years. In recent years, there are more and more people playing with water in the reservoir, especially in the evening on hot days in summer. Traffic police have to be dispatched to maintain order, otherwise, the vehicles driving to swim in Qinglong Mountain will be easily blocked. After the accident, the "natural bathing place" is still "noisy".

Difficulties in road closure

The relevant departments are helpless.

The reporter learned that there are two routes to the reservoir. One is to go directly to the reservoir from Yucha Village Tea Demonstration Park. This road is not accessible by the staff of the demonstration park. The other road is from the Zanggong line in Huangjiaao Natural Village, Paikou Village, Gaobu Street.

The staff of Shaoxing Yuchacun Tea Industry Co., Ltd. told the reporter that although tea gardens are often irrigated with water from Qinglongshan Reservoir with the consent of relevant departments, Qinglongshan Reservoir does not belong to Yuchacun. From the perspective of tea garden management, the meeting of people flow brings many problems, but the company is not the owner of the reservoir and cannot stop tourists from visiting the reservoir.

"It is suggested that we close the road to ensure safety." The relevant staff of Fusheng Town Government said that the road to Qinglongshan Reservoir belongs to Gaobu Street, and they have no right to close the road. The staff of Gaobu Street also recognized this statement. Why don’t Gaobu Street block the road leading to Qinglong Mountain? The relevant staff explained that the villagers often have to take care of the mountain behind the reservoir, and the road closure will definitely be complained by them.

Outdoor swimming

Two conditions are indispensable.

Xiaojin, a winter swimmer, is a frequent visitor to Qinglong Mountain Reservoir. He is worried about the swimmers who come here.

Xiaojin told reporters that even if it snows, there are tourists visiting Qinglong Mountain. Outdoor swimmers generally receive strict safety education, knowing that reservoir swimming is also a dangerous place for experienced swimmers at any time, so they will take safety measures in advance. "There are two conditions for outdoor swimming, both of which are indispensable. First, the buoyancy ball must be tied, and the tightness and tension should be checked before launching to ensure safety; Second, many companions must go together, so that they can pay attention to each other’s safety in the reservoir. Once an accident occurs, it is relatively easy to rescue. "If we forget to bring the buoyancy ball, we would rather run empty than go into the water."

"It is a great safety hazard to swim outdoors without a buoyancy ball." Outdoor swimmer "Shui Ge" said that it is difficult to accurately find the drowning person in a wide water area for timely rescue without a buoyancy ball. At the same time, because the water area is wide and unfathomable, it is more difficult to rescue than the swimming pool.

The reporter saw from the photos and videos sent by Xiaojin and others that after the drowning accident in Qinglongshan Reservoir, the enthusiasm of wild swimmers has not diminished, and "outdoor swimming white" is still the mainstream. There are so many people in swimsuits in the huge reservoir, but there are few bright buoyancy balls and life jackets.

Reservoir drowning

It hurts to be helpless.

"There were several people who came to the reservoir to swim with the drowning young man that day. They soon found that they could not find him and called the police. The police are also very fast, but it is really not easy to find someone in such a large reservoir. " Aunt Li from Zangong Village, Fusheng Town goes for a walk in Qinglongshan Reservoir every evening. She and some villagers witnessed the rescue situation at that time.

"When it was salvaged, everyone was sorry to see that the deceased was so young." A staff member who participated in the rescue at the scene said that even if someone saw drowning, it was very difficult to rescue. Last year, in Longchuan ‘ao Reservoir, Wufengling, not far from here, a young man fell into the water playing with paddles, and his companions and villagers at the reservoir could only watch him slide farther and farther with heartache, but they were helpless.

The reporter also learned that in another reservoir last year, a local villager who often swam in the reservoir slipped farther and farther in the reservoir because he didn’t wear a buoyancy ball, which led to the tragedy of drowning. "The reason is unknown, it may be dizziness, or it may be caused by cramping in the water or sudden cardiovascular disease." Witnesses said.

"When there is drowning in the reservoir, it is difficult to rescue even trained professionals. In short, the reservoir is not a place to swim. " Hu Jianqiang, a member of Shaoxing Jiulong Rescue Team, told reporters that he has participated in about 100 summer reservoir swimming and drowning accidents since he was engaged in rescue work for six years, and it is very difficult to salvage drowning people in the reservoir, let alone rescue drowning people. Hu Jianqiang said that at present, the reservoirs in Yuecheng District are just public existence like roads and mountains. No reservoirs charge swimming fees because of their nature, and there are no professional rescuers to ensure their safety. Therefore, no one should take risks.

Playwright

Strengthen self-safety awareness

Qinglong Mountain Reservoir has a total storage capacity of more than 300,000 cubic meters. It is a small reservoir mainly for irrigation and combined with flood control. The height of the reservoir is more than 10 meters and the deepest part is about 7 meters. In recent years, the number of people who come here to enjoy the cool water every summer is bursting, and the local departments post warning signs around the reservoir to remind them of safety through loudspeakers, and also arrange personnel to patrol and persuade them at high frequency.

"Some tourists who go their own way will even swim to the deepest part of the reservoir center. We are constantly adding warning signs and rescue facilities around the reservoir, and we plan to add some long bamboo poles for emergency. " The staff of Fusheng Police Station of Yuecheng Public Security Bureau said that many tourists not only turned a deaf ear to their kind reminders, but sometimes laughed at them.

"As a non-drinking water reservoir, we have no right to force people to pick up from the water or prevent them from entering the water. The safety responsibility will ultimately be borne by tourists themselves." A staff member familiar with Qinglong Mountain Reservoir said that as early as 2018, a woman drowned here. A month or two earlier this year, a fisherman accidentally fell into the reservoir and drowned. On July 12, another tragedy occurred. It can be seen that swimming in the reservoir is dangerous, so players must strengthen their awareness of self-safety to prevent tragedies.

Jin Jianhao, a lawyer of Zhejiang Jindao (Shaoxing) Law Firm, said that according to the relevant provisions of the Civil Code, the main functions of reservoirs are freshwater aquaculture, irrigation, power generation and non-drinking water supply, and the main obligation of reservoir managers is to ensure sound water conservancy facilities and sound functions. Therefore, the reservoir managers need not bear the responsibility for the drowning accident, and the responsibility for the accident should be borne by the parties or their guardians.

Be yourself safe.

First responsible person

On July 12th, a young man drowned in Qinglongshan Reservoir in Yuecheng District. In midsummer, the drowning accidents of reservoir "wild swimming" are common, which makes people sigh. Tragedy repeats itself, alarm bells often ring, but there are still "brave people" who advance wave after wave. The author believes that it is necessary to weave three "protective nets", especially to keep the "protective net" of personal safety responsibility, so as to avoid tragedies from the source.

Keep the "protective net" of personal safety responsibility. Everyone is the first responsible person for his own safety, and he should think about the importance of safety and keep the responsibility of safety in every word and deed. In terms of legal liability, Article 18 of the Civil Code clearly states that adults with full capacity for civil conduct can independently carry out civil legal acts. To put it bluntly, adults can fully recognize the legal consequences of their actions, independently carry out civil legal acts of their own will, acquire civil rights and assume civil obligations for themselves, and bear full legal consequences for their actions. Adults should be aware of the risk of "wild swimming" in the reservoir. Without other infringement, once a drowning accident occurs, as the victim of the accident, there is no doubt that they are the first responsible person.

In the tragedy of drowning, if a minor, according to the law, parents have the right and obligation to educate and protect their minor children. If a minor child causes damage to others, the parents as guardians shall bear civil liability according to law. Therefore, parents are the first responsible persons for the safety of minor children.

In terms of safety responsibility, no one can be lucky. Some talented people are bold, and "wild swimming" doesn’t take any protective measures. As a result, the follower jumps into the water without taking any protective measures, gets dizzy after drinking, and plunges into the water after being tired … However, it is often in a moment of negligence that tragedy happens under the nose.

Before taking part in "wild swimming" and other similar activities, you should be predictable about the risks. The "wild swimmers" who have just experienced high temperature fatigue are prone to cramps and other phenomena. Build a strong ideological defense line, always tighten the security string, protect your personal safety, and avoid causing damage to others. Only when you are the first person responsible for your own safety can you reduce the tragedy of drowning from the source.

Improve the "protective net" of reservoir safety management. Rural reservoirs are used for flood discharge and irrigation, and do not have swimming function. However, in reality, some reservoirs are loosely managed, and people can freely enter and leave, leaving an opportunity for "wild swimming". Of course, according to the provisions of the Civil Code, as a reservoir manager, if he fails to fulfill his security obligations and causes damage to others, he shall bear tort liability. This also tells us that in the event of a "wild swimming" drowning accident, the reservoir manager may not be completely irresponsible. If he fails to fulfill his security obligations and cannot prove that he is not at fault, he needs to bear tort liability for the accident. Of course, if the reservoir management party fulfills the duty of warning and reminding others that it is forbidden to enter the reservoir without authorization, it does not need to bear tort liability.

Therefore, the management unit should build a safety net and strengthen on-site supervision and management, such as closing the reservoir waters. If it can’t be closed, we can recruit volunteers, increase the number of inspectors, increase the frequency of inspections, strengthen law enforcement, and take measures such as criticism, education and fines to keep "wild swimming" out of the library. For those who refuse to obey dissuasion and insist on wild swimming, the management can report to the public security organ for punishment.

Construct a "protective net" for outdoor safe swimming. Knowing that there are tigers in the mountains, I prefer to go to the mountains. Why do "wild swimmers" flock? The answer is simple: the natural environment of open waters is good, the water quality is good, and swimming is more delicious. In Shaoxing, a water town with dense river network, special outdoor rivers and special hydrophilic areas can be set up to meet the hydrophilic needs of the public. In fact, in the early years, a hydrophilic river was set up in the celebrity square, which was managed by special personnel on site. There were many swimmers in midsummer every year, and no drowning accident occurred. More such safe outdoor swimming places, combined with "sparse" and "guided", will naturally reduce the number of "hikers" in the reservoir.

Wild swimming is risky, so you need to be careful when you get into the water. There is only one life, and life is never repeated. Please cherish your life, be responsible for your own and others’ lives, and don’t let the tragedy happen.　

　　At the end of January 2008, the Yanzhaomen incident broke out, and nude photos of Edison Chen, Gillian (Zhong Xintong) and Cecilia Cheung were exposed. Edison Chen, Gillian, and Cecilia Cheung all responded to this storm by quitting the entertainment circle, and they all came back in unison. Now, Edison Chen has a stable relationship with the girlfriend of the shop assistant but denies the marriage news. Gillian broke up with her Korean boyfriend, and Cecilia Cheung took care of her two sons alone. During these five years, what kind of life did they live under the shadow of this storm?

　　Edison Chen: There is little hope of filming, focusing on the tide shop business.

　　2 years in exile, 1 movie was changed.

　　At the beginning of the pornographic photo gate, the original movie "Jump Out" starring Edison Chen was completely deleted, and the movie was re-filmed, starring Leon Jay Williams. On February 21st, 2008, Edison Chen apologized to the injured actress and the public for the Yanzhaomen incident, and announced that she would "quit the entertainment circle indefinitely". On March 17, 2010, he announced his official comeback, which caused a buzz among netizens. In fact, as early as 2009, when he was interviewed by CNN, he explained the word "indefinite" like this: "This can be interpreted as 5 minutes, or it can refer to 2000. I never said forever. "

Edison Chen conference said that he would quit the entertainment circle indefinitely.

　　2 identity 8 jiachao branch

　　Shoppers: In 2003, Edison Chen, who had just entered the entertainment circle, founded his own original brand CLOT and related groups. This may have been an unintentional move at that time, but it became an important source of support for his livelihood after the Yanzhaomen incident. CEO: In 2007, Edison Chen established the multimedia company CMD and served as CEO. This company not only operates some trendy creative activities, but also works as a record broker. Besides Edison Chen himself, its artists include the influential farmer group in Cantonese hip-hop (who left in 2010) and He Chaoyi, the artist’s daughter of gambling king Stanley Ho. During the two years of exile in Edison Chen, this company has produced records for them.

　　In the days away from the entertainment circle, Edison Chen put all her energy into running a trendy shop. His original brand CLOT has five stores. In addition to direct stores, he also cooperated with other brands to establish United Tide Store, including two trendy stores in Taipei and Shanghai with Disney and one in Taipei with American Tide Brand.

　　At least 7 acupoints and 9 endorsements

　　Because of Edison Chen’s status as a pioneer in fashion and the owner of original fashion brands, there are still a few big brands looking for him as their endorsements, including Japanese fashion brands and sports brands. As for brand endorsements such as perfume, watches and computers, they are also well-known brands. The only exception is that he endorsed a mainland company last year, and the advertisement that was just put on the shelves was removed.

　　When the public became more and more accustomed to Edison Chen’s appearance in the news pages, he began to sing many times in the mainland, and most of the places where he performed were bars. In addition, he sang hip-hop songs at the Shanghai Hot Wave Music Festival in 2011, the Chengdu Daai Music Festival in 2012 and the Shanghai concert sponsored by the brand.

　　2 genuine girlfriends, at least 7 gossip girlfriends.

Edison Chen and his current girlfriend Hong Wenan.

　　His real girlfriend was Yang Yongqing, the niece of Yang Shoucheng, the emperor’s boss, and she had an affair with Edison Chen in 2006. When the scandal broke out in 2008, Yang Yongqing, who was seven years younger than Edison Chen, was studying in the United States. Although her nude photos were exposed due to the incident, she still chose to stay with Edison Chen for the next three years, but she could not escape the fate of breaking up.

　　In September 2012, Edison Chen took a photo with a temperament beauty on a social networking site, and then their love affair was revealed by the media. This woman is Ann, a clerk of his Taiwan Province Chaodian, and her relationship has been stable so far. During this period, Edison Chen also took her to see Huang Qiusheng, michel platini, which seems to be very positive about her girlfriend’s status. He denied the news of the marriage twice.

　　During the period from breaking up with Yang Yongqing to being with Ann for more than a year, he had at least seven gossip girlfriends reported by the media, ranging from small-brand actresses to young models, rich second-generation women, mainland rich women and even the proprietress in izakaya. Although there may be many people who borrowed him to speculate on the upper position, they also printed the old saying: flies don’t bite seamless eggs. Especially in 2011, Xie Zhihui, a 16-year-old Hong Kong supermodel, came out to take a close photo with him, and almost repeated the photo shoot.

　　0 movies and 2 records

　　Shooter, the film starring Edison Chen, was filmed before the pornographic photo gate, but it was not released in Hong Kong until April 2009, and it was hopeless to be released in the mainland. In 2008, when he was far away from the United States, he ran a walk-on in Batman the Dark Knight. His appearance time was only 3 seconds and his lines were only one line. In 2010, it was reported that he and Hollywood Chinese actress Hu Kaili starred in the love movie "Almost Perfect", but it has not been released yet. In 2012, XX Entertainment took an exclusive photo of him shooting a micro-film called X Flywheel in Beijing, and there was still no news.

　　Edison Chen, who loves hip-hop, has been trying to express herself with music. In October, 2010, he released his debut album Conquest, and in July, 2012, he released his album Three Angles, because both of them took the hip-hop route rather than the road love songs, and his two albums had limited repercussions in the entertainment circle.

Be sure to get the aero engine up!

Wen | Xiong Wenming

This article is reproduced from WeChat WeChat official account’s "Taihe Industry Watch" (ID: taifangwu). The original article was first published on February 25, 2021 with the title "China Aero-Engine Breakthrough in All Sides", which does not represent the viewpoint of Outlook Think Tank.

Ren Zhengfei told a story: In the 1970s, British Rolls-Royce offered to sell their Spey engines to China, and were willing to sell military engines directly. The Chinese side in charge of the negotiation was overjoyed and wanted to pay tribute to the British scientists, but the British scientists said, "Thanks to the great inventions of China scientists". When China comes back, find out which scientist it is, Wu Zhonghua. Where is he? Raising pigs in Hubei. Then hurry back to Beijing to be the director of the Institute of Thermophysics.

This is a dramatic story, which was later proved to be somewhat different from reality. But what is certain is that,The three-dimensional flow technology of Spey engine is indeed based on the "three-dimensional flow theory of turbomachinery". In 1950, Wu Zhonghua read a paper at the annual meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in new york, and formally put forward this theory, which was later defined as "Wu’s general theory" and the basic equation in the theory was called "Wu’s equation". Wu Zhonghua’s lecture video was once used as a training material by NASA.

Ren Zhengfei felt that if we had followed Wu Zhonghua’s basic theory and made continuous breakthroughs in engineering technology, the situation of aero-engines in China today might be more optimistic.

In December 2020, the US Department of Commerce published a new list of "military end users", and 80% of the 58 China companies were related to aviation. This is not a sudden bad news. As early as the beginning of 2020, rumors of an embargo on commercial aircraft in China once triggered domestic concerns that the supply of C919 engines might be cut off. From beginning to end in 2020, the focus of American sniper will be China’s aviation industry, especially engines.

As the heart of an airplane, aero-engine is one of the most complicated engineering technologies of human beings so far.At present, many countries can build airplanes, but only the five permanent members of the United Nations, namely, the United States, Russia, Britain, France and China, can really independently develop aero-engines.

China’s aero-engine construction began in the 1950s, and it has gone through a tortuous road from imitation and improvement, to partial independent research and development, and then to completely independent research and development.

At the beginning of the 21st century, with the implementation of "two-engine special project" and the establishment of China Hangfa, the development of aero-engines in China began to enter the fast lane of catching up.In the direction of military aviation development, the self-developed "Taihang" series engines have been put into production in turn, gradually getting rid of import dependence. In the civil direction, CJ-1000A, the "Yangtze River" engine supporting C919, has entered the trial production stage, and CJ-2000 of 35-ton class has also achieved the ignition test of the core engine in 2020, and it is said that the first verification machine has been assembled.

Since the 1990s, China’s reflections and discussions on aero-engines have come and gone, and they have continued to this day. The problem has long been found, but the difficulty lies in how to solve it.

Taking the "two-aircraft special project" and the establishment of China Airlines as milestones,China has started a breakthrough from technological innovation to institutional innovation.

one

From "if there is nothing" to "cohesive development"

In 1958, Wu Daguan, known as the "father of aero-engines" in China, took the opportunity of visiting Britain and made a special trip to the Soviet Union on his way home. He wanted to ask the Ministry of Aviation Industry of the Soviet Union for verification.

After it was rumored that the Soviet Union successfully launched the world’s first artificial satellite, Khrushchev excitedly declared that planes would enter museums in the future.It means that with missile technology, airplanes are useless.. This argument spread to China, which triggered a heated debate at the decision-making level. At that time, China had copied the first turbojet engine turbojet -5 according to the Soviet BK-1φ in Shenyang Aero-Engine Factory, and the jet fighter J-5 with this engine also rushed into the blue sky in Shenyang Aircraft Factory.

Will we develop our own engine next? Fortunately, the ministers of the Soviet aviation industry reassured him: in war, although missiles have great lethality, they really have to rely on planes to conquer each other. Therefore, the United States has not stopped engaging in fighter planes, and our Soviet Union is still engaged in MIG -21.

In the early days of the founding of New China, its national strength was weak, so it could only give priority to the development of critical science and technology. In the debate on "giving priority to the development of aircraft or missiles", Qian Xuesen put forward the "Opinions on Establishing China’s National Defense Aviation Industry" to the Central Committee, advocating concentrating on the development of rockets and missiles.

After a series of investigations and discussions, the central government regards aerospace as a whole and focuses on breaking through missiles and rockets first.In the end, "two bombs and one satellite" laid the foundation of China’s international status and security, and also proved Qian Xuesen’s vision.

In February 1956, Qian Xuesen submitted to the Central Committee "Opinions on Establishing China’s National Defense Aviation Industry"

However, for a long time after the breakthrough of rocket technology, there was no overall planning for the development of aviation industry, which led to the lack of strategic traction in the independent research and development of aircraft, especially aero-engines.

Political circles are still debating whether the aviation industry belongs to high and new technology. Until 1995, when the Ninth Five-Year Plan was released, aviation technology was still not included in high and new technology. Many scientists began to worry. Seven respected and old experts, including Wang Daheng and Shi Changxu, signed a letter to state leaders to express their feelings.

Experts put forward two reasons for vigorously developing aviation technology: First, the Gulf War proved that air power still plays a decisive role in modern wars; Second, the development of aviation industry plays an obvious role in driving the national economy.Experts believe that the gap between China’s aviation technology and advanced countries is widening day by day. If it is not developed vigorously, there will not only be a military crisis, but also the huge domestic civil aviation market will be occupied by foreigners in the future.

For aero-engines, Academician Wang Daheng, the winner of the medal of "two bombs and one satellite", used the word "free" to describe it. Free does not mean nothing, but it is sometimes absent and looming.

"Free" means insufficient investment.China’s first self-designed turbofan -6 with large thrust engine lasted for 20 years, with a total development cost of 150 million RMB, and only 2 million RMB was available in two years at the critical stage of development. At the same time, it cost about $2 billion to develop an engine for an ordinary large and medium-sized aircraft in the United States.

In the 1980s, the United States successively put forward pre-research projects such as IHPTET (Integrated High Performance Turbine Engine Program) and VAATE (Advanced Turbine Engine Program), and invested 5 billion and 3.7 billion US dollars respectively. China also put forward two pre-research plans for high-performance engines in the 1980s, but the total investment in 20 years is only equivalent to that of the United States in one quarter. Even if the purchasing power of money in the same period is taken into account, the gap between them is huge.

Aeroengine pre-research program in the United States

It was not until more than half a century passed that we had a deeper understanding of the strategic value and complexity of aero-engines. Since 2011, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has taken the lead in investigating and demonstrating aero-engines and gas turbines. In 2012, the "two-machine special project" was approved. In March 2016, in the 13th Five-Year National Science and Technology Innovation Plan issued by the State Council, aero-engines and gas turbines ranked first.

The implementation of the "two-engine special project" means that aero-engines as a major national strategic project will receive strong support from policies, funds and resources at present and in the future, and fundamentally solve the problem of insufficient investment.

By the end of 2020, the investment in the "two-machine special project" has reached 300 billion yuan. With the strong support of policies and funds, China’s aero-engine and gas turbine technology is accelerating to catch up with the world’s advanced level and achieve a historic leap.

2

From "Aircraft Dependence" to "Flight Separation"

"There are no planes, what do you need an engine for?"

In 1982, due to the changes in the equipment system of the National Air Force, the J -9 and J -6 planes were planned to be dismounted one after another. As its supporting power, the turbofan -6 engine is also facing dismounting because it suddenly loses its applicable object, and at this time, the turbofan -6 has gone through.18 years of hard development, just passed the 24-hour pre-flight test run. From the beginning of scheme research in 1964 to the end of development in 1984, turbofan -6 lasted for 20 years, which almost condensed the youth of a generation. According to the relevant personnel’s memories afterwards:

"At the moment when the suspension of development was announced, Wu Daguan burst into tears, and he also cried on stage."

The development was terminated due to the dismounting of the plane, and the turbofan -8 was developed by Shanghai Changzheng Machinery Factory. This large thrust civil aviation engine, which was born for Yun -10 aircraft, was successfully tested on Boeing 707 for more than a dozen times, and flew to Lhasa and other places as the heart of Yun -10. The cumulative flight time was 170 hours, and all the performances met the design standards. In 1985, Klebos, vice president of the General Aviation Engine Division of the United States, visited China and once admired the turbofan -8:

It was indeed a great achievement that you could finish such a complicated engine 10 years ago.

Turbofan -8 stopped production with Yun -10 dismounted.

Frequent dismounting of projects not only discourages the enthusiasm of researchers, but also delays the development opportunity.For a long time, the development path of aero-engines in China was "maintenance-mapping imitation-model improvement-model development-pre-research", which was basically the opposite of the path in the United States. At that time, the United States had established a mature pre-research mechanism and took a steady route of "technical pre-research-core machine-test verification".

In 2001, Wu Daguan pointed out in his article Reflections on Two Major Historical Issues of Aviation Industry,The policy of "scientific research first, power first" formulated by the aviation industry has not been agreed and implemented, and in fact it has become a general slogan.

One of the fundamental reasons why the pre-research could not be carried out was that the development of the engine was subordinate to the aircraft at that time, that is, "one factory, one model". If a factory wants to develop an airplane, there will be a research institute to develop a matching engine.The engine followed the plane, the plane project dismounted, and the engine development stopped.

On the other hand, due to the long-term lack of technical reserves and pre-research, the development cycle of aero-engine is much longer than that of aircraft, and aircraft often can’t afford to wait for the engine, so it is better to buy others’ ready-made products for independent development. Academician Liu Daxiang, an aviation power expert, once reflected on this issue:

"For a long time, too much emphasis has been placed on aircraft with engines and models with pre-research, and insufficient attention has been paid to early technical verification. Many key technologies have not been effectively broken before model establishment, and often model development is synchronized with technical research and component troubleshooting, resulting in repeated model development, which greatly delays the development cycle."

Under the collective reflection of aviation industry experts, the call for "separation of flight and development" continues to rise. In 2009, China Hangfa Commercial Aviation Engine Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China Hangfa Commercial Engine") was established, becoming the general contractor of China’s large passenger aircraft engine project, and began to develop China civil aviation engine.

In 2016, China Aviation Engine Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China Hangfa") was formally established, which was jointly funded by SASAC, Beijing State-owned Capital Management Center, China Aviation Industry Corporation and China Commercial Aircraft Corporation.

Since then, China has owned a national specialized aero-engine enterprise group.It means that, at least institutionally, aviation development has completely got rid of the dependence on aircraft development., towards the independent development of the sea of stars.

three

From "Imitation of Surveying and Mapping" to "Independent Research and Development"

"Buy if you can, and copy if you can’t."

The background of Ren Zhengfei’s story is the 1970s. In fact, the introduction of "Spey" engine from Britain was just an accidental episode. In the early days, most aero-engines in China came from mapping and imitation of Soviet engines. As the core technology of aviation industry, the western countries have always adopted a blockade strategy against China. After the Soviet Union cut off aid, China’s aviation industry once fell into a dilemma of no availability. In 1972, British Rolls-Royce offered to provide Spey MK202 engine to China, and at the same time transferred technology, which was quite unexpected.

Spey MK202 engine

In December 1975, China and Britain signed a purchase contract of about 77 million pounds.The original plan is divided into two steps. It will take three years to learn how to assemble qualified Speer with imported parts, and then five years to realize localization.. In 1980, the Spey engine developed and assembled according to British wool was tested in Britain. However, in the national economic adjustment in the 1980s, it faced the same reality as turbofan -6, so the localization process was suspended for more than ten years.

It lasted for 30 years before and after the localization of Spey, which is very emotional. Because we couldn’t wait for the engine, in order to ensure the production of the aircraft, we first used the Spey engines stored for 20 years, and then bought a batch of second-hand engines from Britain. Until around 2010, turbofan -9 finally kept up with the progress and realized continuous mass production supply.

The turbofan -9 "Qinling" engine developed from Sibei belongs to "partially independent design". Before that, most of us were "copying and improving" Soviet engines.Long-term measurement and imitation lead to the fact that the technical ability of the institute is even inferior to that of the factory, and the technology cannot be digested and its own research and development system cannot be formed.

It was not until 2002 that the domestic turbojet -14 "Kunlun" engine was finalized that China completed the whole process of self-development for the first time.

In December 2005, the domestic turbofan -10 "Taihang" developed by Shenyang Liming Engine Company passed the life test and became the first large thrust turbofan engine with independent intellectual property rights in China. "Taihang" took 27 years from the pre-research in 1978 to the project establishment in 1987, and then to the completion of the design finalization examination at the end of December 2005. This process can be said to be stumbling, and even the explosion of the testing machine occurred.

Until 2011, the maximum afterburner thrust of turbofan -10 was determined to be 125KN, which means that this "domestic heart" with high hopes has finally entered the mass production state. "Taihang" has finally passed the stage of being criticized by netizens as "not very good", and its performance in recent years can be regarded as disappointing. Up to now, no fighter plane carrying "Taihang" has crashed due to engine failure.

From imitation and improvement, to partial independent research and development, and then to having independent intellectual property rights, China aviation industry people clearly realize that key areas must be self-reliant and core technologies must be mastered by themselves.However, as the most complex industrial field of mankind, the development of aero-engines cannot be done behind closed doors.

The development of turbofan -10 has also learned from others’ strengths. For example, the core engine principle draws lessons from the F-110 commonly used in the United States. In order to meet the actual domestic installation demand, Su -27 was introduced as a flight test platform, and a lot of technical experience of the supporting power system AL-31F of Su -27 was digested and absorbed. Like many domestic equipment technologies in China at present, turbofan -10 does not copy Russian products or blindly follow hairdressing, but absorbs the experience of the United States and Russia at the same time, and then explores a technical route that conforms to China’s reality.

Main military aero-engine models developed in China.

From "filling in the blanks" to "looking back", it is not easy to finally ensure that it is "neck and neck" with developed countries.After the establishment of China Hangfa, a "three-step" road map was established.

The first step is to narrow the gap with the advanced level of foreign aero-engines, initially establish an independent innovation research and development system for aero-engines, and lay a foundation for development;

The second step is to basically build an independent innovation research and development system for aero-engines;

The third step is to complete the independent development process of representative models, build the basic research, product development and industrial system of independent innovation, basically realize the strategic transformation of independent innovation and development, and make China Hangfa an innovative enterprise with international competitiveness.

four

From "Closed Independence" to "Open Integration"

"Small core, great collaboration, specialization and openness."

In the first half century, the development of aero-engines in China was not smooth. From the 1990s to the beginning of this century, there were many reflections on the lagging development of aero-engines in China.The old experts concluded that "our understanding of the development law of aviation technology is insufficient, and we lack long-term planning and stable planning", but the deeper reason lies in the system.

The American military industry model is based on enterprises.Boeing, Loma, Nuoge and other dual-use groups are the main manufacturers, Raytheon, Holwell, Pratt & Whitney, General Motors and other groups provide sub-system support for them, and thousands of dual-use enterprises such as TI and ADI are responsible for supplying materials and parts, forming a pyramid-shaped integration of defense and civilian technologies ecological circle with open cooperation, step-by-step competition and professional subdivision.

During the Cold War, the United States once supported two aviation giants, GE and PW, through the horizontal competition mechanism controlled by the government. In 1968, the US Department of Defense asked Pratt & Whitney and GM to manufacture and test one engine each. This government-led "selecting the best to help the strong" has achieved remarkable results, and finally achieved the famous GM F-110 engine and Pratt & Whitney F-100 engine.

F110-GE engine

Pratt & Whitney initially won the competition and signed the contract first. Although GM was at a disadvantage in the initial competition, it subsequently launched an improved F110-GE-129, and Pratt & Whitney developed an improved F100-PW-229 to compete with it.

In February, 1984, the United States Air Force purchased F100 and F110 in proportion according to the double contractor procurement strategy, and basically they were exposed to rain and dew. It is under such a "horse racing" mechanism and order support that the two companies have grown into the world’s top aero-engine companies.

For a long time, China’s military industrial model is dominated by military industrial groups with strong administrative color, and scientific research tasks are coordinated, coordinated and protected in a highly planned way. The general research institute to the assembly plant, and the supporting research institute to the supporting plant are mostlyIn the state of "vertical cooperation and fragmentation", military and civilian lines are separated, forming a closed monopoly system with separation of research and development, lack of competition and self-protection.

The establishment of the "Two-Aircraft Project" and China Aviation Development Co., Ltd. is escorted by the in-depth promotion of the national integration of defense and civilian technologies strategy. In 2016, the Opinions on the Integrated Development of Economic Construction and National Defense Construction issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Central Military Commission clearly proposed to deepen the reform of the national defense science, technology and industry system, further break the industry closure, expand the introduction of social capital, highlight core capabilities, liberalize general capabilities, promote socialized cooperation, and promote the professional reorganization of military enterprises.

Breaking the binary separation of military and civilian and promoting open integration are not only institutional breakthroughs, but also the reshaping and integration of the industrial chain.Taking the aviation industry as an example, the "main manufacturer-supplier" model that the United States has been pursuing is being followed by global aviation manufacturing enterprises. In this mode, the development of an aircraft requires the early intervention of suppliers and joint participation in research and development.

The main manufacturer splits its subordinate manufacturing units and becomes a system integrated manufacturing role, getting rid of the "heavy-load" link of "manufacturing production", which requires high load to produce benefits, and enhancing its ability to cope with market changes; Suppliers can focus on the research and development and technical strength reserve of a certain subsystem, so as to be more professional and efficient.

As the core system of an aircraft, aero-engine open cooperation can also greatly improve the development efficiency. For example, since 2004, Rolls-Royce Company has only produced 30% of the core components and the highest added value, and subcontracted the remaining 70%, thus reducing the manufacturing and purchasing costs of all engine parts as much as possible under the premise of controllable risks.

On this basis, China Hangfa has further determined the development mode of "small core, large cooperation, specialization and openness", which means that the development of China aero-engine can attract more extensive external forces to participate in the cooperation nationwide and even globally, and enterprises can concentrate on improving key core capabilities. According to the disclosed information, there are currently more than 350 suppliers participating in the "Yangtze River" series of engines, initially forming a global supply chain. At the same time, 69 suppliers from 16 countries are willing to participate in the commercial engine project in China.

Historical lessons have proved that you can’t build an engine behind closed doors.

Aeroengine is composed of tens of thousands of precision parts, which has a long development cycle and involves a wide range of fields. Independent research and development of aero-engines is an arduous challenge to the current basic disciplines, design, materials and technology. China has a complete range of manufacturing industries and abundant resources, but the support provided by basic industries is far from enough. Through open integration, the standards and data barriers in the upstream industrial chain (such as materials, machining, measurement and testing, etc.) can accelerate the integration of manufacturing resources, enrich and improve the industrial chain, and maximize the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of the whole industry.

Due to the historical debts and the current technical blockade, it is doomed that the breakthrough road of China aero-engine is still bumpy, which requires great determination, patience and wisdom. But the first light on this road has shown us the way.

References:

[1] Wu Daguan, thinking about two major historical issues of aviation industry, 2001.

[2] Yang Kemin, 100 people who moved China since the founding of New China: Wu Daguan, 2012.

[3] Zhao Yining, Great Country Project, 2018

[4] Liu Daxiang Jinjie Peng Youmei Hu Xiaoyu, Development Status and Key Technology Analysis of Large Aircraft Engines, 2008.

[5] Liu Daxiang, a historic opportunity for the development of aviation power, 2005.

[6] Han Xinwei, Chen Liangyou, Wu Hao, Countermeasures for Accelerating the Development of Aero-engines in China, 2003.

[7] Wen Junfeng, Brief Introduction and Thinking of Aeroengine Development, World Passenger Aircraft Research and Development, 1998.

[8] Han Rui, Lilac, Brief Introduction and Thinking on the Development of Aeroengines, 2012

[9] Pei Yu, further progress in the "domestic heart" of large aircraft, commissioning of CR929 engine verification machine, 2020

[10] Liu Zhenmin, China aero-engine industry development from the perspective of system innovation, 2019.

Original title: "At the moment of announcing the suspension of research and development, the audience cried" … Now China is no longer afraid of sniping! 》

Read the original text

　　Beijing time in 2022

　　At 9: 32 on November 3,

　　China space station mengtian experimental cabin

　　Successfully completed the transposition

　　The space station modules, manned spacecraft, cargo spacecraft, relay satellites used in China’s space station project and the Long March series of launch vehicles used to launch these spacecraft,All developed by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.Other subsystems of the project also have the participation of relevant units affiliated to Aerospace Science and Technology Group.

　　During the transposition, the Mengtian experimental module first completed the relevant state setting, then separated from the space station assembly, and then completed the transposition in about one hour by plane transposition, and then docked with the lateral port of the node module of Tianhe core module again. This afternoon, the crew of Shenzhou 14 astronauts will enter the Mengtian experimental cabin.

　　▲ Schematic diagram of the current space station assembly

　　The completion of the transposition of the Mengtian experimental module marksThe "T" basic configuration of China Space Station has been assembled in orbit.It has taken a key step towards the goal of building a space station. According to the plan, the basic function test and evaluation of the space station assembly will be carried out in the future.

　　History engraves our journey.

　　the year of 2020

　　May 5 th

　　The Long March 5 B carrier rocket made its first flight, launching a new generation of manned spacecraft test ship, and the first battle of the space station phase mission was successful.

　　May 8 th

　　Safe landing of the return capsule of the new generation manned spacecraft test ship.

　　In 2021

　　April 29

　　Changwu B rocket launches space station and core module.

　　29 -30 May

　　The Long March 7 carrier rocket launched the Tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft, which docked at the backward port of Tianhe core module.

　　June 17th

　　The Long March II F carrier rocket launched the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft, which docked at the forward port of Tianhe core module. Astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo entered Tianhe core module, and Chinese entered his own space station for the first time.

　　July 4th.

　　Shenzhou 12 astronauts completed all the established tasks of the first extravehicular activity in the space station stage by group.

　　August 20 th

　　Shenzhou 12 astronauts completed all the established tasks of the second extravehicular activity in groups.

　　September 17th.

　　The return capsule of Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft landed safely, and the astronauts were in good condition.

　　September 18th

　　Tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft is separated from the backward port of the space station and the core module, and flies around to the forward port to complete the automatic rendezvous and docking.

　　September 20th.

　　The Changqi rocket launched the Tianzhou-3 cargo spacecraft, which docked at the backward port of Tianhe core module.

　　23 -24 September

　　The first on-orbit ignition test was completed by four thrusters in the electric propulsion subsystem of the space station and the core module.

　　October 16th.

　　The Chang ‘er F rocket launched the Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft, which docked at the radial port of Tianhe core module. Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu entered Tianhe core module, and China Space Station welcomed the second flight crew and the first female astronaut.

　　7 -8 November

　　Shenzhou 13 astronauts completed all the established tasks of the first extravehicular activity in groups, which was the first time in China’s space history that female astronauts participated in the extravehicular activity.

　　26 -27 December

　　Shenzhou 13 astronauts completed all the established tasks of the second extravehicular activity in groups.

　　In 2022

　　January 6th.

　　It is the first time that China has used the space station manipulator to operate a large-scale on-orbit aircraft to conduct the transposition test.

　　January 8 th

　　Shenzhou 13 astronauts completed the rendezvous and docking test of the combination of hand-controlled teleoperation cargo spacecraft and space station in groups.

　　March 27th and 31st

　　The Tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft was evacuated from the core module assembly of the space station and re-entered the atmosphere under control.

　　April 16th

　　The return capsule of Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft landed safely, and the astronauts were in good condition.

　　April 20

　　Tianzhou-3 cargo spacecraft separated from the backward port of Tianhe core module, circled to the forward port, and completed automatic rendezvous and docking.

　　May 10th.

　　The Changqi rocket launched the Tianzhou-4 cargo spacecraft, which docked at the backward port of Tianhe core module.

　　June 5th.

　　The Chang ‘er F rocket launched the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft, which docked at the radial port of the Tianhe core module, and astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe entered the Tianhe core module.

　　July 17th and 27th

　　Tianzhou-3 cargo spacecraft evacuated from the space station assembly and re-entered the atmosphere under control.

　　July 24th

　　Changwu B rocket launch space station test module.

　　July 25th

　　The space shuttle was docked at the forward port of Tianhe core module, and then the Shenzhou 14 astronauts entered the space shuttle in groups, which was the first time that China astronauts entered the scientific experimental module in orbit.

　　1 -2 September

　　Shenzhou 14 astronauts completed all the established tasks of the first extravehicular activity by group, which is the first time that Chinese astronauts have carried out extravehicular activities from the airlock cabin of the candlestick experimental module.

　　September 17th.

　　Shenzhou 14 astronauts completed all the established tasks of the second extravehicular activity in groups.

　　September 30th.

　　It is the first time for China to use the indexing mechanism to carry out the indexing operation of the large-scale module in orbit.

　　October 31st.

　　Changwu B rocket launch space station Mengtian experimental module.

　　November 1st.

　　Mengtian experimental module is docked with the forward port of Tianhe core module.

　　November 3 rd

　　The Mengtian experimental module has been transposed, and the "T" basic configuration of China Space Station has been assembled.

　　Source/China Manned Space Engineering Office, CCTV

　　Reporter/Ren Changsheng

　　Editor/Liu Huaiyu Gao Yiming

　　American editor/Yang Shuai

　　Proofreading/Zhao Cong

　　Producer/Huang Xi

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 10th Question: What is the secret of "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube"? — — Revealing China’s Solution to the Problems in the Operation of Venues in the Post-Olympic Era

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Xiao, Wang Yong

　　Olympic venues are an important foundation for hosting the Olympic Games. Looking back on the history of the world Olympic Games, almost all the main venues of the previous Olympic Games presented a wonderful and extraordinary "A" side during the games. However, due to the large amount of construction funds, large construction scale and high maintenance cost, it has become a world problem to solve the "B" aspect of the utilization of Olympic venues after the games.

　　On the 11th anniversary of the opening of the Beijing Olympic Games, reporters came to the National Stadium "Bird’s Nest", the National Aquatics Center "Water Cube" and the National Speed Skating Hall "Ice Ribbon" under construction, looking for a "China solution" to solve the world’s problems.

　　"Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube" Show "Money Bag"

　　Although it has been 11 years since the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, thousands of tourists still come to the core area of Beijing Olympic Park in August. As an Olympic landmark with a population of nearly 1.4 billion, it has never lacked popularity.

　　However, as the iconic venues of the Beijing Olympic Games, the construction cost of the "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube" is high, and it is not a small expense to ensure the high-quality maintenance of the venues. Can the "money bags" of these two Olympic venues hold up under the difficult circumstances of the world’s large-scale Olympic venues?

　　The reporter learned from the National Stadium Company that the operating income of "Bird’s Nest" in 2018 was 268 million yuan, which completely covered the operating costs such as depreciation of fixed assets, operation and maintenance fees, sales and management fees, and achieved independent profits for many years. The National Aquatics Center Company said that in 2018, the "Water Cube" achieved a revenue of 124 million yuan, and the venue broke even for many years.

　　"Three Mysteries" of Managing "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube"

　　What is the management of "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube"? The reporter learned from in-depth interviews that what makes the two Olympic venues truly achieve sustainable development is the innovation of brand activities and the improvement of quality.

　　— — Undertake major international events. After the Beijing Olympic Games, the "Bird’s Nest" and the "Water Cube" launched a comprehensive market-oriented operation exploration. "Bird’s Nest" has become a professional venue for hosting top sports events with its first-class facilities and operational advantages. Many high-level individual events under FINA have settled in the "Water Cube".

　　— — Establish a diversified development system. "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube" have formed a comprehensive business system including large-scale activities, tourism services and commercial development. Take the "Bird’s Nest" as an example. First, strengthen the development of tangible assets. The Bird’s Nest Cultural Center not only becomes a public cultural space in the capital, but also incubates innovative and entrepreneurial projects in the cultural and sports industry. The second is the development of intangible assets, constantly promoting advertising sponsorship and the development of cultural and creative products. The third is to extend the industrial chain of venues, and set up five subsidiaries around the "Bird’s Nest", including ticketing, commerce, activities, media and culture, so that the "Bird’s Nest" has the export conditions for venue management.

　　— — Cultivate independent brand projects. "Water Cube" has built a sub-brand of art exhibition "Art Water Cube" and a sub-brand of cultural performance "Dream Water Cube", and transformed itself from a sports venue into a platform for cultural and artistic exchange. After the country announced the goal of "300 million people participating in the ice and snow sports", the two major venues also created mass sports brands such as "Meet 2022" Ice and Snow Culture Festival, which enabled the Olympic venues to "get on the international stage and enter the people’s lives".

　　According to statistics, after the opening of the two venues, they received more than 56 million Chinese and foreign tourists and visitors, and held more than 3,400 events such as various competitions, performances, exhibitions and national fitness activities.

　　The post-match operation of stadiums and gymnasiums is a process of gradual industrialization and enterprise

　　The "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube" have a bright "report card", which benefits from the strong leadership and scientific judgment of the venue owners.

　　As the earliest state-owned enterprise in Beijing to enter the cultural and sports industry, Beijing State-owned Assets Management Co., Ltd. summed up the "China experience" to solve the problem of the utilization of Olympic venues after the games.

　　"The post-match operation of stadiums and gymnasiums should be a process of gradual industrialization and enterprise, but the post-match operation of many stadiums and gymnasiums is still a pure government act. Once the large-scale event is over, it is difficult for the venue to balance social and economic benefits. " Wu Xiaonan, vice president of Beijing State-owned Corporation, pointed out the crux of the problem.

　　Wu Xiaonan said that the operation experience of "Bird’s Nest" and "Water Cube" proves that super-large stadiums need to introduce large-scale platform enterprises, especially comprehensive investment and financing platforms as venue operators, and bring resources for the integrated development of culture, sports, finance, venture capital and other industries for the development of stadiums, rather than simply turning stadiums into a company.

　　In order to operate the two major venues well, Beijing State-owned Assets Corporation has laid out the layout with the whole cultural and sports industry in mind, and coordinated the advantages of its capital cultural and sports industry flagship enterprises, digital vision technology and service providers and national A-level professional performance institutions on the Olympic venues. At the same time, Beijing SME Credit Re-guarantee Company in the financial sector set up the National Cultural and Creative Experimental Zone Enterprise Credit Promotion Association to promote the long-term operation of the Olympic venues through "combination boxing" with complementary resources.

　　"Facts have proved that this model is conducive to giving full play to the role of large state-owned enterprises. While ensuring the completion of important tasks, it can achieve a double harvest of social and economic benefits through enterprise management and integration of various formats." Wu Xiaonan said.

　　At the beginning of the construction of "Ice Ribbon", the problem of post-game utilization was considered.

　　In order to build the iconic new venue of Beijing Winter Olympics and the National Speed Skating Gymnasium "Ice Ribbon", Beijing established "Beijing National Speed Skating Gymnasium Management Co., Ltd.".

　　Wu Xiaonan, who is also the chairman of the National Speed Skating Hall Company, said that the "Ice Ribbon" was fully considered at the beginning of its construction. In addition to becoming a speed skating competition venue during the games, it can meet the needs of six kinds of ice sports competitions such as speed skating, short track speed skating, figure skating and curling, and can also meet the national fitness needs of 3,000 people skating at the same time.

　　At the end of this year, 22 flowing ice ribbons of the National Speed Skating Museum will fly in the Beijing Olympic Park, and together with the majestic steel structure "Bird’s Nest" and the flexible membrane structure "Water Cube", they will form the landmark building complex of "Double Olympic City".

　　Peng Yue, chairman of Beijing State-owned Assets Corporation, said: "Pass ‘ Bird’s Nest ’ ‘ Water cube ’ ‘ Ice ribbon ’ We hope to provide the international community with the Olympic venues after the Games ‘ Repeated utilization, comprehensive utilization and sustainable utilization ’ China’s experience, this is ‘ Four self-confidences ’ A vivid manifestation of implementation in practice. "

　　International Olympic Committee President Bach once commented: "China has every reason to be proud of its Olympic legacy."

　　The insiders believe that the post-games operation and sustainable utilization of Beijing Olympic venues have set a new example of benign interaction and win-win development between the Olympic Movement and cities and regions, benefiting the people for a long time. Continuing this road of sustainable development of the Olympic mega-stadiums with China characteristics will show more wonderful China to the world.

Military guidance theory is the basic follow-up to lead military practice. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, as the core of the Party, the commander-in-chief of the army and the leader of the people, has created and formed the thought of strengthening the army by the Supreme Leader with distinctive characteristics of the times and China characteristics in the magnificent military practice, and realized that the party’s military guiding theory keeps pace with the times again.

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army has guided the construction of the people’s army in the new era and made historic achievements

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, so has national defense and army building. In the practice of governing the country, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader led the people’s army to rebuild and rebuild in an all-round way, promoted the "four modernizations" of the army in an all-round way, and opened up a grand foundation to support the rejuvenation of a powerful country on the journey of strengthening the army and rejuvenating the army.

Military reform is extraordinary and a historic breakthrough has been achieved. Breaking and then standing, breaking and standing, and hoofing and stepping steadily are the distinctive features of our party building and army management in the new era. Facing the complicated and profound changes in the international situation and national security environment, and facing the institutional obstacles, structural contradictions and policy issues that have long restricted national defense and army building, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a strategic conclusion that "deepening the reform of national defense and army is the requirement of the times to realize the Chinese dream and the dream of strengthening the army, the only way to strengthen the army and the key measure to determine the future of the army". He personally led, personally designed and personally promoted the military reform in the overall deployment of the reform of the party and the state, initiated an unprecedented overall revolutionary change in the history of our army, and fought "three major battles." The first was the "above the neck" reform, which established the leadership and management system of "Central Military Commission-services-troops" and the operational command system of "Central Military Commission-war zone-troops", breaking the long-standing headquarters system, military region system and continental army system. The second is the "below the neck" reform, which reduces the number of military personnel by 300,000, greatly simplifies the non-combat institutions and personnel of the military, and implements the "army-brigade-battalion" system for the main combat troops, changing the long-standing land-based and homeland-defensive forces. The third is the military policy system reform, which systematically promotes the policy system reform in the four major areas of party building, strength application, strength building and military management, and establishes and improves Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s military policy system. The three reform campaigns are interlocking, and the people’s army has been completely transformed and has a new look.

The army building is extraordinary and a historic leap has taken place. In the face of the army’s long-standing abuses for a period of time, the Supreme Leader General Secretary gained insight into the problem from a political perspective, personally led the Gutian Army’s political work conference, set up a general plan for building the army politically, unswervingly promoted political training and consolidation, seriously investigated and dealt with serious cases of violation of discipline and law by senior cadres, completely eliminated the pernicious influence, and the people’s army was reborn from the ashes and the political ecology was fundamentally reversed. Promote the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the army through science and technology, seize the key of national defense science and technology innovation, establish the strategic basis of independent innovation, greatly strengthen basic research and original innovation, and realize the transformation of national defense science and technology and weapons and equipment construction from running side by side to running side by side. Promote the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the army with talents, build a new military talent training system, innovate military human resource management, and recruit outstanding talents from all walks of life to join the cause of strengthening the army. Grasp the core and foundation of all the work of the army, grasp the leadership and party building work of the army, and promote the grassroots construction of the people’s army to make great progress. We will step up efforts to administer the army according to law and strictly manage the military, speed up the construction of a military legal system with China characteristics, continue to rectify the "four winds" and the "Five-odd" problems, and promote the gradual and fundamental transformation of the way of administering the army. The "combination boxing" formed by a series of major measures has made a comprehensive situation and a long-term trend, which has continuously improved the quality and efficiency of people’s army building in the new era.

The military struggle was extraordinary and achieved historic results. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, new complex and profound changes have taken place in the international pattern. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has profoundly grasped the general trend of national security, engaged in relations among major powers, led the people’s army to calmly respond, firmly grasped the opportunities of military competition, and always controlled the initiative of military struggle. The preparations for military struggle have taken on a new look. Leaders formulate military strategic guidelines for the new era, strengthen the overall guidance of military struggle, focus on winning battles, make in-depth preparations for fighting in all directions and fields, and be vigorous and promising in expanding the depth of active defense strategy, accelerating the military forces to go abroad, and managing new security fields. Command a series of major military operations, effectively resolve possible war risks, earnestly safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests, boost national prestige and military prestige, and enhance national self-confidence and pride.

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army is the latest achievement of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s military guidance theory advancing with the times

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army made profound strategic thinking on all aspects of national defense and army building, made scientific and long-term strategic plans, and profoundly expounded a series of fundamental issues such as the goal direction, mission, strategic layout, fundamental direction and important path of strengthening the army, forming a scientific theoretical system with rich ideological connotation and profound implications.

Focus on rejuvenating the country and make a new summary of the goals of the people’s army. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army points out that the party’s goal of strengthening the army in the new era is to build a people’s army that listens to the party’s command, can win battles and has a good work style. It must be consistent with the process of national modernization, and strive to basically realize the modernization of national defense and the army by 2035, and build the people’s army into a world-class army in an all-round way by the middle of this century. This profoundly answered the question of what kind of people’s army to build in the new era and laid the "theoretical cornerstone" of the supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army in one fell swoop. In the practice of building and managing the army, the general secretary of the supreme leader’s exposition on the goal of strengthening the army has been developing continuously, especially the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made new strategic arrangements for comprehensively promoting national defense and army modernization. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed to speed up the modernization of national defense and the army, and ensure the realization of the centennial goal of building the army in 2027, which further pointed out where the people’s army will go and where it will develop, and made clear the goal direction for the people’s army to break the waves on a new journey.

Focus on great struggle, keep pace with the times and innovate military strategic guidance. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army profoundly expounds that strengthening the country and the army must be strategic first, and clearly points out that the strategic goal of the party and the country is to achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation at present and for a long time to come. Innovative development of military strategic guidance must firmly grasp this fundamental focus, strengthen military strategic operation and improve the level of military strategic guidance. This military strategy is a general plan to take the overall situation into consideration, balance the opponents and win the war. Its spiritual essence is to ensure that the army effectively performs the mission entrusted by the party and the people, and provide strategic support for consolidating the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and socialist system, defending national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, safeguarding national overseas interests and promoting world peace and development.

Strengthen the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s army with an eye on the eternal stability of the country. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army emphasizes that the party’s absolute leadership over the army is the foundation of the people’s army and the soul of strengthening the army. It is necessary to comprehensively implement a series of fundamental principles and systems of the party’s leadership over the army to ensure the absolute loyalty, purity and reliability of the army. Adhering to the party’s absolute leadership over the people’s army at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is defined as a basic strategy for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China regards "upholding the party’s command of guns and ensuring the people’s army’s absolute loyalty to the party and the people" as a remarkable advantage of the national system and the national governance system, and clearly proposes to uphold and improve the party’s absolute leadership over the people’s army. The implementation of the chairman responsibility system in the Central Military Commission is the fundamental form of upholding the party’s absolute leadership over the people’s army. The highest leadership and command of the army belongs to the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, and the national armed forces are under the unified leadership and command of the chairman of the Military Commission. All these are significant theoretical and political contributions, which indicate that Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s basic military system is more mature and stereotyped.

Focus on the overall situation of the cause and creatively optimize the layout of strengthening the army. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army puts the army construction in the overall situation of the party and the state, thinking, planning and scientific deployment. From "deepening the political army building, reforming and strengthening the army, and managing the army according to law" to "persisting in the political army building, reforming and strengthening the army, managing the army according to law" and then "persisting in the political army building, reforming and strengthening the army, strengthening the army through science and technology, strengthening the army with talents and managing the army according to law", the layout of strengthening the army has been continuously expanded and optimized. This layout of strengthening the army is the embodiment of our party’s strategic layout of governing the country and politics in the new era in the military field. It has grasped the strategic key issues supporting the strengthening of the army, defined the fundamental guarantee, key move, powerful motivation, strategic resources and the guarantee of the rule of law for strengthening the army, and set up a four-pillar, eight-pillar and backbone framework for the cause of strengthening the army.

Focus on winning the battle and comprehensively strengthen training and preparation. The inherent characteristic of military guidance theory is to seek and win. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army emphasizes that the army should prepare for war, and must comprehensively improve its ability to prepare for war in the new era, effectively shape the situation, control the crisis, contain the war and win the war. These expositions reveal the fundamental direction of strengthening the army in the new era and constitute the "theoretical core" of the supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army. The army is born of war, and the preparation for military struggle is the basic practical activity of the army. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army clearly puts forward the only fundamental standard of firmly establishing combat effectiveness, which requires that the combat effectiveness standard should run through the whole process and all aspects of army building, pay great attention to actual military training, make solid preparations for military struggles in all directions and fields, gather together to build elite combat forces, and carry forward the fighting spirit of not being afraid of hardships and not being afraid of death. These important expositions are of great significance for correcting the center of gravity and direction of army building and development, forming a direction that all minds focus on fighting and all work focuses on fighting hard, and promoting the people’s army to fully leap forward in winning the war.

Focus on enriching the country and strengthening the army, and promote the simultaneous improvement of national defense strength and economic strength. Dealing with the relationship between the coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction is a common topic in the governance of great powers at all times and at all times, including both profound lessons and good experiences. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army integrates national defense and army building into the national economic and social development system, and emphasizes the combination of development and security, economic construction and national defense construction, the unification of enriching the country and strengthening the army, making full use of all superior forces and resources to build an integrated national strategic system and capability. In the new era, the cause of strengthening the military is rooted in the deep soil of the rapid development of the country’s economy and society. With the strong strength of the country’s economy and science and technology, and the majestic strength of the whole society, the modernization of national defense and the military will surely add wings and advance by leaps and bounds.

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army is a vivid Marxist military theory in the 21st century.

In the new era, which is a special historical period of great changes in the world, great development of the country and great military competition, the supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army applies Marxism to observe and reflect China’s military practice, reveals and reflects the objective laws of military activities in the world today, and makes great original contributions to enriching and developing Marxist military theory. This thought not only adheres to the basic viewpoints of Marxism on war and military issues, but also adheres to our party’s consistent guiding ideology and major principles for building and managing the army. It also closely combines the characteristics of the new era and practical development, absorbs the essence of Chinese excellent traditional military culture, draws on the outstanding achievements of world military theory, sublates scientific theories, and forms the achievements of military civilization with China style and China style.

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army profoundly answered the question of the times when a strong country must strengthen the army. To cope with the great changes in the world in the past century and ensure that China is invincible in the fierce international military competition, it is required that the army must accelerate the transformation from a "big country army" to a "powerful country army." At present, the international strategic pattern is deeply adjusted, and the overall competition and overall contest between countries are more prominent. The more complicated the situation, the better the military skill. At present, national security is facing one kind or another of risk challenges, the possibility of war and chaos at home is real, and the task of safeguarding national unity and social stability is arduous and arduous. We must dare and be good at carrying out great struggles with many new historical characteristics. A strong army is an inherent requirement and an important symbol of a strong country. A strong army is needed to deter and stop the war, and a strong army is needed to provide support for the country’s prosperity and development. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army focused on strengthening the army and put forward many strategic and original ideas, comprehensively and systematically answered the historical and epochal topic of supporting the country with strengthening the army, and opened up a new realm of China-ization of Marxist military theory.

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army further enriched the party’s military guidance theory treasure house. The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s military guidance theory is a scientific summary of the practical experience of China’s revolutionary war, people’s army and national defense construction, and the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the whole party and army. It is in the same strain and keeps pace with the times with the changes of the times and the development of practice. Our party has gone through a hundred years of struggle, and in the course of commanding guns by the party, it has successively formed Marxist military theoretical achievements with China characteristics, such as Mao Zedong’s military thought, Deng Xiaoping’s army building thought in the new period, Jiang Zemin’s national defense and army building thought, and Hu Jintao’s national defense and army building thought. Based on Do not forget your initiative mind’s political consciousness and radical theory, the supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army scientifically summarizes the basic experience of our army’s construction and development, profoundly reveals where the people’s army came from and why it went from victory to victory, and at the same time puts forward a series of new ideas, new ideas, new theories and new requirements in response to the needs of the new era, realizing a major breakthrough and innovation in the party’s military guidance theory, and highlighting the political and theoretical inheritance of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people in the past 100 years.

The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army shines with the truth of dialectical materialism and historical materialism throughout. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army has a keen insight into the contradictory movements in the military field in the new era, and has made a series of new explanations on the relationship of unity of opposites, such as war and peace, military and politics, development and security, change and new situation, crisis and initiative, preparation and stop of war, deterrence and actual combat, and man and weapons, which profoundly reveals the way to strengthen the army and win in the new era, with broad vision, lofty ideas and vigorous weather, and embodies the basic principles and science of Marxism. The supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army runs through the mission based on far-reaching history, which contains conscious understanding of historical position, firm adherence to revolutionary feelings and determined pursuit of ideal goals, showing the ideological style and lofty realm of contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people; Through the epistemological methodology of grasping the military and building the army around politics, we put the war issue in the realization of the great goal of national rejuvenation, promote national defense and army building as a whole from the overall situation of the party and the state, and guide military actions with the overall situation of national politics, diplomacy, national security and strategy, enriching and developing the Marxist military view of war; Through the revolutionary style of seeking truth from facts and building the army by hard work, the Marxist practical viewpoint and the party’s ideological line of seeking truth from facts are applied to the military field, which sets an example for thoroughly eliminating problems and opening up new prospects for the cause and provides methods and guarantees for turning the blueprint for strengthening the army in the new era into reality; Throughout the sense of urgency of looking to the future and preventing in advance, we are always ready to carry out new great struggles.Fight a well-prepared battle to prevent and resist risks, and fight a strategic initiative to turn danger into opportunity; Through the enterprising spirit of being proactive and determined to develop, it embodies the strategic enterprising view of taking the initiative, the struggle art of sticking to the bottom line and daring to show the sword, and the innovative character of relying on scientific and technological development and progress, and so on. All this is condensed with profound theoretical practicality and distinct strategic foresight, and shows the wisdom and strength of Marxist military theory in the new era.

[The author is a special researcher at the Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center of the New Era, the supreme leader of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), and the former executive vice-president of the Central Party School (National School of Administration)]