Deepen the reform of the economic system and strive to promote high-quality development (authoritative interview, study and implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the Twentieth CPC Centr

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "deepening the reform of the economic system is still the focus of further deepening the reform in an all-round way". The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization (hereinafter referred to as the Decision), which was deliberated and adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, pays more attention to highlighting key points, system and mechanism reform, strategic and overall major reforms, the traction role of economic system reform, and the leading role of reform, and defines key tasks and points out the main direction for further comprehensively deepening reform. In order to thoroughly study and understand the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, our reporter interviewed Zheng Shanjie, Party Secretary and Director of the National Development and Reform Commission.

　　Further deepen the reform of the economic system and give better play to the traction role.

　　Reporter: The "Decision" proposes that the reform of the economic system should be taken as the traction. How to understand and grasp this? What are the situations and tasks facing the next economic restructuring?

　　Zheng Shanjie: The "Decision" emphasizes the economic system reform as the traction, which can be understood from three aspects: First, the "key point", high-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and deepening the economic system reform is still the key point of further deepening the reform in an all-round way. It is necessary to deploy all aspects of reform around the top priority of development, so as to grasp the key points and bring the whole picture. The second is "leading", which can effectively promote the resolution of deep-seated contradictions in other fields and create conditions and provide impetus for comprehensively deepening reform. The third is "coordination". As the reform touches on more conflicts of interest and deep-seated institutional mechanisms, it is urgent to further deepen the reform of the economic system, and it is also urgent to jointly promote reforms in other fields such as politics, culture, society and ecological civilization, so as to realize mutual promotion and support of reforms in various fields.

　　At present and in the future, it is a crucial period to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese modernization. Grasping new opportunities, coping with new challenges, promoting high-quality development and better adapting to the major contradictions and changes in our society are all in urgent need of further deepening the reform of the economic system and giving full play to its traction role. The National Development and Reform Commission will resolutely implement the deployment requirements of the Third Plenary Session of the Twentieth CPC Central Committee, and focus on five aspects of work based on the responsibilities of macro-management and comprehensive economic coordination departments.

　　First, build a high-level socialist market economic system. Focusing on enhancing the endogenous motivation and innovation vitality of various ownership economies, we will issue guidelines for optimizing the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, formulate a law for promoting the private economy, improve the system and mechanism for private economy to participate in major national strategies, improve the modern enterprise system with China characteristics, promote the formation of a number of world-class enterprises, and continuously stimulate the vitality of micro-subjects. Focusing on the smooth circulation of the national economy, we will formulate guidelines for the construction of a unified national market, clarify unified institutional rules, and improve the integrated circulation rules and standards. Focusing on improving the basic system of the market economy, strengthening the protection of property rights and intellectual property rights, we issued opinions on improving the market access system, issued a new version of the negative list of market access, and improved the social credit system with China characteristics.

　　The second is to improve the institutional mechanism for promoting high-quality economic development. We will lead the reform with the new development concept, base ourselves on the new development stage, deepen the supply-side structural reform, and improve the incentive and restraint mechanism for promoting high-quality development. Strengthen the supply of new fields and new track systems, and guide all localities to develop new quality productivity according to local conditions. We will improve the system to promote the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, and formulate and implement an action plan to deepen the integration and development of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries. Build a national strategic hinterland and key industry backup, and improve the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain supply chain.

　　The third is to improve the macroeconomic governance system. Improve the national strategic planning system and policy coordination mechanism, improve the national economic and social development planning system, and strengthen the implementation mechanism of planning convergence. Focusing on the implementation of national development plans and major strategies, we will strengthen macro-policy coordination and cooperation, include both economic policies and non-economic policies in the consistency assessment of macro-policy orientation, improve the expected management mechanism, and promote the coordinated efforts of fiscal, monetary, industrial, price and employment policies.

　　The fourth is to improve the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development. Promote the equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural factors, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote common prosperity and development. Improve the system and mechanism of promoting new urbanization, accelerate the urbanization of agricultural transfer population, and form a benign interaction between industrial upgrading, population agglomeration and urban development. We will improve the investment mechanism for rural revitalization, improve the construction, acceptance and management of high-standard farmland, and make overall plans to promote the reform of the system and mechanism of grain purchase, sale and reserve management.

　　The fifth is to improve the high-level opening-up system and mechanism. Adhere to opening up to promote reform and build a new open economic system at a higher level. We will steadily expand institutional opening up and take the initiative to meet international high-standard economic and trade rules. Expand the catalogue of industries that encourage foreign investment, reasonably reduce the negative list of foreign investment access, and create a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international first-class business environment. We will improve the mechanism of promoting high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" and make overall plans to promote major landmark projects and "small but beautiful" livelihood projects.

　　Build a high-level socialist market economic system and realize the organic unity of effective market and promising government

　　Reporter: The "Decision" proposes that a high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for Chinese modernization. How to better handle the relationship between the government and the market around "putting it alive" and "managing it"?

　　Zheng Shanjie: The Decision makes it clear that a high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for Chinese modernization. The key to building a high-level socialist market economic system is to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market, which has always been the core issue of economic system reform.

　　To make good use of the "two hands" of the market and the government is to give full play to the "invisible hand" of the market, and the "visible hand" of the government is good, so as to prevent "market mechanism failure" and curb "improper government intervention", give full play to the advantages of the two aspects, and realize the organic unity of effective market and promising government. On the one hand, give full play to the role of the market mechanism, create a fairer and more dynamic market environment, and optimize the efficiency of resource allocation and maximize benefits. On the other hand, we should focus on "keeping alive" and "managing" to better maintain market order, make up for market failures, smooth the national economic cycle, and stimulate the endogenous motivation and innovation vitality of the whole society.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission will resolutely implement the decision-making arrangements of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and promote the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system.

　　For example, greater efforts will be made to solve the difficult problems faced by the development of the private economy and further stimulate the vitality of business entities. On the one hand, based on ensuring that all ownership economies use production factors equally in accordance with the law, participate in market competition fairly, and be equally protected by law, accelerate the introduction of the private economy promotion law, and continuously optimize the legal environment, policy environment and market environment for the development of the private economy; On the other hand, focus on the outstanding problems faced by the private economy, establish a long-term mechanism, thoroughly remove market access barriers, promote the fair opening of infrastructure competition areas to business entities, promote private enterprises to participate in the construction of major national projects, solve the urgent problems of business entities in a pragmatic manner, and fully stimulate the vitality and creativity of the private economy.

　　Another example is to make greater efforts to break down various obstacles that are not conducive to the construction of a unified big market and further smooth the domestic cycle. On the one hand, establish and improve institutional mechanisms. Put forward opinions on improving the market access system and speed up the improvement of the unified basic system of market economy; Accelerate the legislative process of social credit law; Formulate guidelines for the construction of a unified national market, and put forward operational work orientation and basic reference. On the other hand, get through the blocking points of important links. Improve the bidding legal system, accelerate the revision of the bidding law and its implementation regulations, and enhance the rigid constraint of the bidding legal system. Promote high-standard connectivity of market facilities and take multiple measures to effectively reduce the logistics cost of the whole society.

　　Improve the system and mechanism to promote high-quality economic development and shape new development momentum and new advantages.

　　Reporter: The "Decision" proposes to improve the system and mechanism for promoting high-quality economic development. In the next step, how should we deepen the supply-side structural reform, improve the incentive and restraint mechanism to promote high-quality development, and shape new development momentum and new advantages?

　　Zheng Shanjie: General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "high-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way" and "developing new quality productive forces is the inherent requirement and important focus of promoting high-quality development". We should correctly understand and understand the advanced concept and great significance of developing new quality productive forces and promote the development of new industries, new models and new kinetic energy. Focus on four aspects of work.

　　First, vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation. We will do a good job in tackling key core technologies, promote technical research and iterative application in the whole chain, strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological strength, streamline and implement a number of major national scientific and technological projects that will lead the future development direction, increase the proportion of scientific and technological expenditures for basic research, promote the construction of common technology platforms and pilot verification platforms, and promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.

　　The second is to transform and upgrade traditional industries. In-depth implementation of major technological transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and large-scale equipment renewal projects, solidly promote energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation of key industries such as steel, oil refining and cement, and newly cultivate a number of energy-efficient and water-efficient benchmarks. In-depth implementation of intelligent manufacturing engineering, the introduction of key industries digital transformation implementation plan. Support the merger and reorganization of enterprises in key industries and cross-regional integration, and intensify efforts to promote the clearing of backward production capacity.

　　The third is to cultivate and expand emerging industries. In-depth implementation of the national strategic emerging industrial cluster development project, consolidate and enhance the competitive advantage of the whole industrial chain of new energy vehicles, and systematically promote the cross-domain, cross-industry and cross-regional wide application of Beidou. Actively cultivate gazelle enterprises and unicorn enterprises, and increase policy support for corporate financing services.

　　The fourth is to lay out future industries in a forward-looking way. Focusing on the characteristics of high industrial growth and fast technology iteration in the future, we will strengthen macro guidance, forward-looking planning and orderly layout, establish a growth mechanism for future industrial investment, open up new tracks for future industries such as quantum technology and life sciences, carry out the "artificial intelligence+"action, lay out and build a number of future industrial pilot areas, and accelerate the shaping of new advantages for development.