They race with death, compete with disease and try their best to protect the light of life. They are the guardians of health and the last line of defense of life. Their names are Dr. China. What we usually know is always the serious, earnest, careful and respectable side of doctors. In fact, they also have a cute or humorous side. This Physician’s Day, we interviewed six clinicians from different hospitals and departments, and asked them eight questions to show the public about different doctors.

　　Invited physician:

　　Yu Debao, Member of the Party Committee and Vice President of Jinan Dermatosis Prevention and Treatment Institute

　　Lu Liang, Director of Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jinan National Hospital

　　Chen Dehong, Director of Children’s Third Division of Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital

　　Cheng Ailing, Deputy Director of Internal Medicine, Jinan Hospital

　　Attending physician Zhao Yunlai, Department of Emergency Medicine, East Hospital of Jinan Central Hospital

　　Deputy Director, Department of Hypertension, Guang ‘anmen Hospital Jinan Hospital (Jinan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) Zhi Yingpeng, a Chinese physician.

　　Q: How long has it been since you ate on time? Do you all eat lunch boxes?

　　answer

　　Yu Debao: Basically, you can’t eat by the order.

　　Zhao Yunlai: I just ate a box lunch on the night shift yesterday.

　　Cheng Ailing: Sometimes I can’t eat a box lunch, so I don’t have time to order it.

　　Lu Liang: Eating is often just filling the stomach. How to digest and absorb it is left to the stomach to deal with.

　　Q: What do you say to yourself when you walk into the hospital every day?

　　answer

　　Chen Dehong: I hope there will be fewer patients today.

　　Lu Liang: Illness has abused me thousands of times, and I feel like my first love for patients.

　　Cheng Ailing: I hope today is not a busy day.

　　Zhi Yingpeng: There are still many patients waiting for me to help today. I must refuel!

　　Q: What should I do when I meet a patient who has no idea how to treat him?

　　answer

　　Zhao Yunlai: Call all relevant departments. Of course, if you say two or three o’clock in the morning, you may be scolded.

　　Chen Dehong: In the past, when I was a resident doctor, I called the director and the superior doctor. When they came, they were solved.

　　Zhi Yingpeng: The symptoms of rambling vary in thousands ways, and they are inseparable from the exterior and interior. As long as we differentiate the symptoms according to the Eight Cardinal Principles in detail, we can always find out the cause.

　　Lu Liang: Huh? There are diseases that you don’t know at all? I’m just the first-time doctor sitting in the consulting room, what the patient doesn’t know, and the number 100 expert behind me. Look at our WeChat group, this is the "rocking person" in society!

　　Q: What are you most afraid of hearing in the hospital?

　　answer

　　Zhao Yunlai: The sound of 120 first aid at the door rang again.

　　Yu Debao: After being a doctor for so many years, the most feared thing is that you can’t cure this disease if you are older than you think.

　　Zhi Yingpeng: Doctor, why doesn’t your medicine work when I take it?

　　Lu Liang: It’s hard to say what we are most afraid of, but we have the most taboo words. After the patient has been treated, we will never finish, but we will say come down and try it.

　　Q: As a doctor, do you feel that your living habits are healthy?

　　answer

　　Chen Dehong: Very unhealthy.

　　Cheng Ailing: It must be unhealthy. We can’t eat food on time at work, drink water by the order and have no time to exercise.

　　Zhi Yingpeng: Definitely healthy. As a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, I pay great attention to health preservation.

　　Zhao Yunlai: I feel quite used to it and healthy. It is still very regular to have a rest at night and work more than 90 night shifts a year.

　　Q: Why did you become a doctor?

　　answer

　　Chen Dehong: Influenced by my second sister, she is a doctor.

　　Cheng Ailing: Because I thought this profession was noble since I was a child, I loved it very much and wanted to wear a white coat.

　　Yu Debao: Actually, I didn’t want to be a doctor, but since I studied medicine and became a doctor, I will be a good doctor.

　　Lu Liang: This can really blow a cow! I am the same as Zhang Zhongjing, and I have embarked on this road because I have patients at home.

　　Q: As a doctor, when do you feel most fulfilled?

　　answer

　　Zhao Yunlai: After successfully rescuing a patient, especially a dying patient, I feel most fulfilled in my heart.

　　Yu Debao: Actually, I have a sense of accomplishment every day since I became a doctor. I think it is my greatest happiness to cure patients.

　　Chen Dehong: Difficult patients have been diagnosed under my hands, and critically ill patients have recovered under my hands. This is my greatest sense of accomplishment.

　　Lu Liang: Speaking of a sense of accomplishment, in our rehabilitation department, it is often such a scene, that is, after the patient has finished treatment, he comes down and takes two steps, and the patient says that it doesn’t hurt. This is my greatest sense of accomplishment.

　　Q: What is the most unforgettable thing about being a doctor?

　　answer

　　Chen Dehong: The patient has recovered, and I sincerely thank you.

　　Lu Liang: When I first entered the business, I stayed in the hospital for 24 hours and talked with my colleagues and roommates all night, regardless of gains and losses, just for my illness.

　　Yu Debao: I took part in the work on the eighth day of the first month of 1997, which happened to be Valentine’s Day on February 14th. On that day, I came to the hospital to report, and I said that my life was settled in the Dermatology Hospital.

　　Cheng Ailing: When I was on the night shift, an 80-year-old man with cancer was brought in at 120. At that time, the patient could not wake up and was in critical condition. But through our active rescue and treatment, the patient finally woke up and was able to eat by himself. When we saw the smile of the patient’s family and thanked us, we were actually very fulfilled.

　　Their answers may be different, but the same is the initial mission of protecting people’s health!

　　Pay tribute to every doctor in China.

　　Thanks for having you!

　　Produced by: Ai Jinan Client Media Health Center

　　Planning: Lareina C

　　Coordinator: Zhao Gang

　　Video: Chen Shangrui

　　Reporter: Chen Shangrui and jie feng

　　Special thanks:

　　Ji ‘nan Central Hospital

　　Guang ‘anmen Hospital Jinan Hospital (Jinan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)

　　Ji ‘nan Maternal and Child Health Hospital

　　Ji ‘nan Hospital

　　Ji’ nan dermatosis prevention hospital

　　Ji ‘nan Nationalities Hospital

　　Unlike McDonald’s high-profile packaging of China stores for sale, KFC, another iconic American fast food chain giant, unexpectedly sold its China business in a low-key manner. The night before yesterday, Yum! Brands, the parent companies of KFC and Pizza Hut and listed on the new york Stock Exchange, announced that Yum! China would be separated from Yum! Brands and listed on the NYSE as an independent company. At the same time, after the spin-off, Yum! China will receive a total investment of US$ 460 million from Chunhua Capital and Ant Financial. This means that Yum! Brands has sold part of its operations in KFC and Pizza Hut in China to two purchasers from China.

　　Yum!’ s business in China has fallen into a trough?

　　In fact, Yum! Brands has already paved the way for China business. Last October, it announced that it planned to split Yum! Brands and Yum! China, and this transaction was carried out on the basis of that split at that time.

　　KFC is the first American fast food chain brand to enter the mainland market in China. In 1987, it opened its first store in Qianmen, then the most prosperous business district in Beijing. At that time, it was fashionable for both Beijingers and foreign tourists to queue up for a fried chicken or a hamburger at KFC. And KFC’s rule of "throw away the food after it has been sold for 90 minutes" brought from the United States has also attracted the attention of consumers in China. It is likely that KFC’s great success in exploring the China market attracted McDonald’s. Subsequently, McDonald’s also entered the mainland market of China in 1990. For a long time after that, these two brands were the iconic brands of American fast food culture in China.

　　In 2015, China accounted for half of the global business of Yum! Brands. However, this data can’t hide its downward trend in the China market. Since the incident that Shanghai Fuxi reprocessed expired meat raw materials and changed the shelf life and supplied them to McDonald’s and KFC restaurants in July 2014, KFC’s single-store income began to decline continuously. Yum! China’s same-store sales fell by 16% in the third quarter of 2014, and almost all of them fell by double digits in the following three quarters. Parkson’s financial report for the second quarter of this year, just released in July this year, shows that the same-store sales of KFC in China increased by 2% year-on-year, but it actually climbed slowly from the low base of last year’s lowest valley. During the same period, the same-store sales of Pizza Hut in China shrank by 11%. Therefore, it is widely analyzed that the reason why foreign shareholders strongly demand Yum! Brands to spin off its business in China has something to do with the poor prospect.

　　The "China Golden Period" of franchising may have passed.

　　Franchising is an effective way for KFC to expand its business in the world. As early as 1993, it began to carry out franchising in China, and since 2000, it has only adopted the franchising mode of "not starting from scratch" in China. The so-called "not starting from scratch" means that KFC will hand over a mature and profitable restaurant to its franchisees. In this way, franchisees can put all their energy into the operation and management of stores without having to make preliminary preparations such as site selection, opening stores, recruiting and training employees. This greatly reduces the business risks of KFC franchisees. In the words of Su Jingshi, former president of Yum! China Restaurant Group Greater China, "franchisees can succeed only by maintaining." By this means, KFC has achieved rapid expansion in China, and the number of stores has reached nearly 5,000 by the end of last year.

　　However, KFC has set a high threshold for joining, and the transfer fee for each restaurant is as high as 8 million yuan. After that, the going-concern expenses include the franchise fee accounting for 6% of the sales and the advertising sharing fee accounting for 5% of the sales, and the first agreement is signed for at least ten years. At this point, McDonald’s joining in China is exactly the same, and even the joining fee and cost-sharing ratio are exactly the same. This is obviously not a simple imitation of who, but a careful calculation based on a rigorous business model.

　　In fact, no matter KFC or McDonald’s, its investment in the global business chain is more than the catering service itself, that is, it operates the store in a benign state by selecting a location. As can be seen from the income structure of the two catering giants, this part of the profits is far greater than their own stores. With KFC and McDonald’s reaching the scale of thousands of stores in China and gradually covering third-and fourth-tier cities, the blank market space in the future is getting smaller and smaller, and the golden period of realizing profits through joining and transferring has passed. Therefore, it may be the best time for them to "pack up and sell" their business in China.

　　Although the supply of raw materials, as well as the annual brand use and marketing promotion expenses exceeding 10% of sales are still the long-term benefits they can enjoy, it is obviously only a decimal for them. Moreover, with the increasingly fierce competition in the catering market in China, the future sales potential of these foreign fast foods is not clear.

　　The receiver may want to change the joining mode and continue to expand.

　　Judging from the current Chinese takers of foreign fast food, whether it is Chunhua Capital or Ant Financial, or BTG, Sanpower and Sinochem, which are interested in bidding for McDonald’s China business, their real intention is probably not to directly participate in the catering industry, but to graft their current business to achieve profits in a new expansion mode.

　　This can be seen from the caliber of Ant Financial. "Ant Financial will help Yum! China provide mobile payment services for its brands, including Alipay platform." In fact, although the online speculation of Ma Yun "finally achieved revenge for not being hired by KFC that year", in fact, Ma Yun is definitely a supporting role in this investment — — His total investment with Hu Zuliu of Chunhua Capital will only account for a few percent of Parkson China in the future. Even compared with Hu Zuliu, the $50 million invested by Ma Yun is too small, accounting for only a fraction of the total investment of $460 million.

　　In fact, it can be seen from the fact that no real catering enterprise is willing to take over the business of KFC and McDonald’s in China that these two brands are more tools for the industry, which may also indicate that their future development in China will not be too exciting. Even some people in the industry believe that China KFC and McDonald’s, which have been abandoned by their parent companies, may embark on a development path in China that is divorced from stores in other countries in the world.

　　I don’t know if it is the first move to merge into Ali. The Beijing Youth Daily reporter learned that KFC will officially enter Tmall on September 6. In the future, consumers can buy electronic coupons for KFC food in Tmall stores and then exchange them for corresponding foods in physical stores.

　　Text/reporter zhangqin

　　Financial observation

　　Kfcs are "old"?

　　Although in many countries, KFC and McDonald’s are still regarded as the representatives of American fast food industry and even the symbols of American consumer culture, in fact, in the United States, more and more people have begun to diversify their choices, especially the opportunities for the younger generation of Americans to enter KFC are decreasing.

　　In the first half of the year, the only cross-industry economic indicator of customer satisfaction in the United States, the American Customer Satisfaction Index, released the 2016 Restaurant Satisfaction Survey Report. It shows that the average satisfaction score of fast food restaurants in the United States this year is 79, but the scores of KFC and Pizza Hut under Yum! are below the average. McDonald’s ranked at the bottom of many participating fast food chain stores with a score of 69 points, and McDonald’s ranked at the bottom last year.

　　As for the poor performance of KFC and McDonald’s, some American businessmen believe that although this does not mean that the food quality of KFC and McDonald’s has declined, they are "really old" in the eyes of American consumers and can no longer be the most typical representative of American fast food culture.

　　In fact, in the China market, KFC and McDonald’s are also facing the same problem. With a new generation of young people becoming the main force of fast food consumption, McDonald’s and KFC are no longer their absolute first choice to experience foreign fast food, and a large number of other brands of fast food subdivide the China market. More crucially, no matter how the varieties cater to the taste of China population, the standard fried chicken, French fries, hamburgers and coke that KFC and McDonald’s take care of have become the global representatives of "junk food". More and more young families in China have kept their children away from such fast food restaurants, at least in first-and second-tier cities.

　　For KFC and McDonald’s in China, the aura of standardization and trustworthiness that they were most proud of in the past has also been shattered with repeated food safety incidents. No matter Sudan red or fast-growing chicken, and then to the Shanghai Fuxi incident, these foreign fast foods have not been able to stay out of it.

　　Text/reporter zhangqin

　　From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on December 10, 2022, 13 newly confirmed cases were reported in Hunan Province, including 0 imported cases and 13 local cases (8 cases in Changsha, 4 cases in Shaoyang and 1 case in Yongzhou), of which 2 cases were transferred from asymptomatic infected persons to confirmed cases (2 cases in Changsha).

　　From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on December 10, 2022, Hunan Province reported 24 new cases of asymptomatic infections, including 2 imported cases, 22 local cases (15 cases in Changsha, 3 cases in Yongzhou, 2 cases in Changde, 1 case in Hengyang and 1 case in Shaoyang), 2 cases were confirmed on the same day, 225 cases were released from isolation (1 case imported from abroad) and 3,121 cases were still under medical observation.

　　From 0: 00 on January 1, 2022 to 24: 00 on December 10, 2022, Hunan Province reported a total of 1,203 confirmed cases (78 imported cases) in novel coronavirus, 366 hospitalized cases (3 imported cases) and 837 discharged cases (75 imported cases), with 0 serious cases and 0 deaths.

Original SME SME technology story

Teenager, are you eager for strength? Want to be a hypnotist? Now all you need is a chicken, and hypnosis can be done quickly.

First, hold the chicken tightly so that its head is down and its beak is on the ground, and then draw a trace on the ground with chalk or fingers. Wait until the chicken is quiet and then let go of your hand, and you will get a new "stupefied chicken"

A "hypnotized" chicken

Of course, this is not true hypnosis, it uses the fear instinct of animals in the face of threats. Your fierce operation made it mistakenly think that a predator was close at hand, so it fell into a state of suspended animation (Thanatosis).

Hamiton Bertie Gibson, a British psychologist, mentioned in his book that the ultimate record of the longest time a chicken was hypnotized was 3 hours and 47 minutes.

In 1646, the German scholar Athanasius Kircher observed a chicken that went into suspended animation because of fear.

There are many animals that play dead in nature, and it also has a proper term called "tonic immobility".

This is a defensive strategy, which widely exists in mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and insects, and the "death method" is even more varied.

The 5-year-old girl in the CCTV program "Challenge Impossible" has "hypnotized" (scared) dogs, lizards, chickens, frogs and spiders, and was madly spit out.

It is precisely because suspended animation is so common that a number of so-called animal "hypnotists" have been made. They made a simple animal instinct magical and full of mystery.

There is a big brother who started a chicken farm, and even sold the local chicken at twice the price of the local market by the marketing method of "hypnotizing chicken". And those who buy chickens are really uneducated.

When confronted with a potential threat, two signals will immediately appear in an animal’s mind-"fight" or "flight", also called Fight-or-flight response. This is like the degree to which the brain has written, and you will choose between them, so that the body will respond quickly to better protect itself.

But in fact, in the case of "fighting" but not "escaping", our bodies can still fall into the third state-freeze.

Fight, flight and freeze displayed by Lego villains

When being touched at close range or feeling attacked, the rigidity of the prey may be triggered. But this state is not a decision made after careful consideration, but an involuntary defense mechanism.

They are really stiff and unable to move as if they had been acupoints. However, his brain is still spinning rapidly, and he is also alert to the changes in the surrounding environment.

On the surface, this rabbit enjoys the shower, but in fact, it has entered a state of suspended animation because of fear. Rabbits are prone to stress reactions and blind bathing is not recommended.

In fact, in the face of great pressure and threats, human beings will also have similar tonic static reactions. Have you ever tried, because you are too nervous, standing on the podium with your head blank and you can’t say a word?

In addition, when human beings are infringed, they often have temporary paralysis. Some researchers have talked with 300 women who have been sexually assaulted and found that 70% of them experienced obvious rigidity and stillness when they were attacked. They will be paralyzed, unable to scream, unable to resist, and their bodies will be completely out of control. Similarly, soldiers who have been on the battlefield have also had similar experiences.

It’s just that there are many mysteries about animal suspended animation. Because the matter of animals pretending to be dead is quite strange and full of doubts.

An animal faking its death is like taking its own life as a gamble. The success or failure of this gamble depends entirely on the foraging mode of hunters.

Fake dead frog

First of all, it is difficult to know whether the hunter will lose interest in the dead individual by pretending to be dead. If suspended animation can’t make hunters lose interest, then the poor guy who wants to get away with it by suspended animation will miss the best chance to escape. On the contrary, it makes the hunting work easier for hunters, and if they are not careful, they will directly change from "suspended animation" to "real death".

Moreover, the state of suspended animation can not reduce the sensory ability of predators to locate or identify prey, and it can not enhance the resistance of prey when attacked. Many times, this kind of rigidity and stillness will remain for a while, and the risk of being eaten seems to be even greater.

Fake dead bird

However, judging from the results of evolution, the strategy of feigning death is still useful with a high probability, and the overall advantages outweigh the disadvantages. If some predators delay eating, are not interested in dead things, and even find it difficult to distinguish still things, then the prey may escape.

In fact, obedience can really hurt yourself less. The state of rigidity and stillness can inhibit the further attack of predators and reduce the action of hunters to subdue their prey.

For another example, many top hunters will be more interested in the prey that is fleeing around, such as your cat, and the favorite is the cat-teasing stick full of soul. If the cat comes after a group of mice, and if all the other mice are running away, then the little mouse who is scared and unable to move is more likely to survive.

Similarly, most cases of feigning death belong to the "last desperate attempt", and it is an effective strategy to wait for hunters to relax their vigilance and find opportunities to escape. And fake death. Maybe it can really make some animals get to the end.

In nature, the best acting is the North American opossum (Didelphis Virginia), which deserves an Oscar in the animal kingdom.

It’s really not dead.

The North American opossum is the only marsupial living in North America. On the American continent about 70 million years ago, marsupial companions of opossums survived.

Only later, due to the rise of carnivores and other reasons, these marsupials with little resistance became extinct and went to the end. Only the opossum shoulders the fate of the whole marsupial, and survives tenaciously on the American continent, dealing with top hunters such as red fox, wolf, jaguar and short-tailed cat.

But it is in this case that the number of opossums in North America is still increasing. Among them, knowing how to play dead is a great knowledge and advantage for their survival.

The possum playing dead in Ice Age

Although the population of opossum in North America is huge, they are properly located at the "low end of the food chain", and almost any animal larger than it is a natural enemy. Therefore, opossums can only lie in the daytime and go out at night, and live by preying on insects, snails, birds, and occasionally eat some plants. In addition, the North American opossum moving on the ground without the shelter of trees is also clumsy and has poor defense ability.

When chased by the enemy to the end of the road, they will fall to the ground with a thud and enter a state of suspended animation-eyes closed, mouth slightly open, uvula spit out, belly swelled, tail drooping and winding in a circle, motionless.

When the dog comes, he can only pretend to be a dead opossum.

In order to be more realistic, the North American opossum will tremble slightly when it falls down, and its breathing and heart rate will slow down and its body temperature will drop while shivering. In addition, the glands near their anus will secrete a foul yellow-green mucus, which tastes like a highly corrupt corpse. If I don’t know, I really think it has been dead for three days and nights, and the body stinks. And this can often deter hunters and make it difficult to swallow.

It is precisely because of the grandiose acting skills of the North American opossum that people have specially invented a word "play possum" to describe the behavior of some people who pretend to be deaf and deaf.

Playing dead pig nose snake

Similar to the possum’s way of playing dead, there is also a pig-nosed snake. When encountering a hunter, the pig-nosed snake will bluff first, spread its neck ribs and make a horrible hiss, just like being possessed by a cobra.

But when bluffing doesn’t work, they will decisively enter the suspended animation mode, with their bellies turned up, their mouths opened to spit out the letter, and even oozing blood drops. The pig-nosed snake, like the opossum, also carries its own chemical weapons, which will give off an extremely unpleasant smell and very dissuade it.

Therefore, animals’ suspended animation is not simply lying on the ground, but they will also make themselves more difficult to swallow through various strategies.

What is even more surprising is that some animals in nature have learned to use the "rigidity and stillness" of other animals to hunt.

Whether in the wild, in captivity or in the laboratory, humans have long discovered that sharks, the top hunters, can also fake their deaths.

Turning the shark over and stimulating the skin around its nose may trigger the shark’s suspended animation for up to 15 minutes. Using shark’s suspended animation can also make researchers reduce the shark’s struggle and reduce the probability of injury to both sides when subduing sharks.

However, some people think that this rigidity and stillness of sharks is not due to fear, but related to reproduction. Studies have shown that after obtaining the mating right of the female, the male will also turn over the female body to cause rigidity and stillness, thus making the whole mating process smoother and easier.

But in any case, killer whales with IQ of off the charts seem to have seen through everything, and have learned to kill sharks by faking their deaths.

When encountering a shark, killer whales don’t rush to fight, but rush over and knock it over, biting the shark with their mouths so that it can enter a state of rigidity and stillness.

In 1997, someone photographed this precious picture of killer whales "outwitting" great white sharks off the coast of California, USA. Sharks in this state easily become the lunch of killer whales. Another example of killer whales "hypnotizing" their prey took place in New Zealand, and the victim was a stingray.

Fight scene in 1997

It can be seen that playing dead is really not omnipotent, and the "final interpretation right" is still in the hands of hunters. Finally, by the way, it is really useless to "pretend to be dead" when you meet a bear in the wild. If you meet a bear who has been hungry or sick, pretending to be dead is equivalent to sending a lunch box directly.

Original title: How useful is "Animals Playing Dead"? They will die for you in minutes.

Read the original text

In order to facilitate taxpayers and grass-roots tax authorities to check the answers to relevant policies, the State Administration of Taxation has comprehensively sorted out and confirmed the questions and answers issued by the State Administration of Taxation from January 2019 to July 2024, and compiled and formed a series of tax and fee support policies since 2019 covering 294 current effective answers in 34 topics in 8 categories.Today, I understand the relevant questions and answers about the VAT reduction and exemption policy for small-scale taxpayers.

[Question 1] I am a small decoration company, and I am a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares on a monthly basis, so I can apply the differential taxation policy for subcontracting of construction services. Excuse me, is the monthly sales of small-scale taxpayers exempted from VAT judged before or after the difference?

A:Judging by the sales after the difference. The Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on the Collection and Management of VAT Reduction and Exemption Policies for Small-scale Taxpayers (State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Announcement No.1, 2023) stipulates that small-scale taxpayers who apply the VAT differential taxation policy can determine whether the above-mentioned VAT exemption policy can be implemented based on the sales after the difference. Therefore, if the construction services provided by your company can be deducted by the difference according to the regulations, whether the above-mentioned small-scale taxpayers are exempted from value-added tax policy can be determined by the sales after the difference.

[Question 2] Our company is a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares monthly. On January 6, 2023, we transferred a store. After excluding the sales of the transferred store, it is estimated that the sales in January will be less than 100,000 yuan, and all of them will be invoiced. Can our company enjoy the VAT exemption policy? What should we pay attention to when declaring?

A:Article 1 of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China’s Announcement on the Collection and Management of Small-scale VAT Taxpayers’ Exemption and Exemption Policies (No.1 in 2023) stipulates that if small-scale taxpayers engage in VAT taxable sales, and their total monthly sales exceed 100,000 yuan, but after deducting the sales of real estate that occurred in this period, they do not exceed 100,000 yuan, their sales of goods, services and intangible assets will be exempted from VAT. When your company handles the VAT tax return for the January tax period, you should accurately enter the data of "Sales of Real Estate in Current Period" in the reporting interface of VAT and Additional Taxes (for small-scale taxpayers), and the system will automatically calculate the current sales after deducting the sales of real estate. If the sales after deduction does not exceed 100,000 yuan, you can enjoy the VAT exemption policy. When handling the tax declaration, the deducted sales should be filled in the relevant column of "VAT and Additional Taxes and Fees Declaration Form (applicable to small-scale taxpayers)".

[Question 3] I am a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares on a monthly basis. In August 2023, I issued an ordinary VAT invoice with a 3% collection rate for my customers. If the actual monthly sales do not exceed 100,000 yuan, can I enjoy the preferential tax-free policy?

A:Article 1 of the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Reduction and Exemption of VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers with monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan (inclusive) shall be exempted from VAT. If your monthly sales do not exceed 100,000 yuan, you can directly declare tax exemption when you declare tax, and enjoy the policy of exemption from value-added tax.

[Question 4] Our company is a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares monthly. In September 2023, it is estimated that the income from selling goods will be 200,000 yuan. What tax reduction and exemption policy can we enjoy and how to issue VAT invoices?

A:Article 2 of the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Reduction and Exemption of VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers shall apply taxable sales income at a rate of 3%, and the VAT shall be levied at a reduced rate of 1%. Article 5 of the Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on the Collection and Management of Small-scale VAT Taxpayers’ Reduction and Exemption of VAT and Other Policies (No.1 in 2023) stipulates that if small-scale taxpayers obtain taxable sales income and apply the policy of collecting VAT at a reduced rate of 1%, they should issue VAT invoices at a rate of 1%. Therefore, your income from selling goods in September was 200,000 yuan, and you can apply the policy of collecting VAT at a reduced rate of 1%, and issue special VAT invoices or ordinary VAT invoices at a rate of 1%.

[Question 5] I am a catering company. I am a small-scale taxpayer who declares value-added tax on a monthly basis. On August 25th, 2023, I issued an ordinary VAT invoice with a rate of 3% of 20,000 yuan for my customers. The actual monthly sales in August was 150,000 yuan, all of which were sales revenue at 3% levy rate. Our customers were individuals and could not recover the invoices already issued. Can our company still enjoy the policy of 3% levy rate sales revenue minus 1% levy rate for VAT?

A:Article 2 of the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Reduction and Exemption of VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers shall apply taxable sales income at a rate of 3%, and the VAT shall be levied at a reduced rate of 1%. Your sales income of 3% tax rate is 150,000 yuan, you can directly declare tax reduction when you declare tax payment, and you can enjoy the policy of 3% tax rate sales income minus 1% tax rate. In order to reduce your tax burden, there is no need to void or change the ordinary VAT invoice with 3% levy rate. However, it should be noted that, according to the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other relevant regulations, taxpayers should issue invoices truthfully. Article 5 of the Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on the Collection and Management of Small-scale VAT Taxpayers’ Reduction and Exemption of VAT and Other Policies (No.1 in 2023) stipulates that if small-scale taxpayers obtain taxable sales income and apply the policy of collecting VAT at a reduced rate of 1%, they should issue VAT invoices at a rate of 1%. Therefore, in the future, when you enjoy the policy of 3% levy rate for sales revenue minus 1% levy rate for VAT, if you need to issue an ordinary VAT invoice, you should issue it at 1% levy rate.

[Question 6] Our company is a small-scale VAT taxpayer who retails motorcycles. In August 2023, the sales volume was 90,000 yuan. When invoicing customers, it was impossible to confirm whether the sales volume this month would exceed 100,000 yuan, and a unified invoice for motor vehicle sales with a 1% levy rate was issued. Can I still enjoy the tax exemption policy for monthly sales below 100,000 yuan? My individual customers are general VAT taxpayers, can I deduct the input tax?

A:Article 1 of the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Reduction and Exemption of VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers with monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan (inclusive) shall be exempted from VAT. If your monthly sales do not exceed 100,000 yuan, you can directly declare tax exemption when you declare tax payment, and enjoy the policy of exemption from value-added tax. If your customer is a general taxpayer, you can deduct the corresponding input tax on the basis of the unified invoice for motor vehicle sales with 1% levy rate.

[Question 7] Our company is a small-scale VAT taxpayer who retails motorcycles, with a monthly sales of about 100,000 yuan. When invoicing customers in the middle of the month, it is impossible to confirm whether I can enjoy the tax exemption policy with a monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan this month. How can I issue a unified invoice for motor vehicle sales if I want to enjoy the preferential policies of small-scale taxpayers?

A:Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Policy of Reducing and Exempting VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers with monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan (inclusive) shall be exempted from VAT. Small-scale taxpayers of value-added tax are subject to taxable sales income at a rate of 3%, and value-added tax is levied at a reduced rate of 1%. When you invoice in the middle of the month, you don’t know whether the sales will exceed 100,000 yuan and whether you can enjoy the tax exemption policy. You should first issue a unified invoice for motor vehicle sales at the rate of 1%. When declaring tax, if the monthly sales amount does not exceed 100,000 yuan, you can declare tax exemption when declaring tax. If the monthly sales amount exceeds 100,000 yuan, you can declare and pay VAT at a reduced rate of 1%.

[Question 8] I am a small-scale taxpayer engaged in motorcycle sales, and my monthly sales amount is less than 100,000 yuan. Can I still issue a special tax-free VAT invoice?

A:Article 1 of the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Reduction and Exemption of VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers with monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan (inclusive) shall be exempted from VAT. Small-scale taxpayers selling motor vehicles can enjoy the tax exemption policy according to the above provisions, and issue special VAT invoices with the words "motor vehicles" in the upper left corner as "tax exemption".

[Question 9] I am a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares monthly, and my monthly sales amount is about 100,000 yuan, but I can’t confirm whether my total income will exceed 100,000 yuan when I invoice my customers. How can I invoice if I want to enjoy the preferential policies for small-scale taxpayers?

A:Article 1 of the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Reduction and Exemption of VAT for Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.19, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers with monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan (inclusive) shall be exempted from VAT. Small-scale taxpayers of value-added tax are subject to taxable sales income at a rate of 3%, and value-added tax is levied at a reduced rate of 1%. If you are not sure whether the sales in the current month will exceed 100,000 yuan, and the taxable sales income with 3% levy rate applies, you should first issue a general VAT invoice at 1% levy rate. When declaring tax, if the monthly sales amount does not exceed 100,000 yuan, you can declare tax exemption when declaring tax. If the monthly sales amount exceeds 100,000 yuan, you can declare and pay VAT at a reduced rate of 1%.

[Question 10] I am a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares on a monthly basis. In May 2023, I issued an ordinary VAT invoice at a rate of 3% according to my custom. If the actual monthly sales do not exceed 100,000 yuan, can I enjoy the preferential tax-free policy?

A:The Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Policy of Reducing and Exempting VAT for Small-scale Taxpayers (Announcement No.19 of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation in 2023) stipulates that before December 31, 2027, small-scale taxpayers with monthly sales of less than 100,000 yuan (inclusive) will be exempted from VAT. If your monthly sales do not exceed 100,000 yuan, you can directly declare tax exemption when you declare tax, and enjoy the policy of exemption from value-added tax.

[Question 11] Our company is a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares on a monthly basis. In January 2023, the sales amount of RMB 150,000 which is subject to 3% levy rate was incurred, and all of them were invoiced on January 4, of which RMB 100,000 was issued with tax-free invoice and RMB 50,000 with 3% levy rate. According to the regulations, the policy of 3% minus 1% levy rate can be applied. How should I apply for the VAT tax declaration of January tax?

A:Article 7 of the Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on the Collection and Management of Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (No.1, 2023) stipulates that taxpayers are subject to VAT at a reduced rate of 1% in accordance with the Announcement of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Defining the Policies of Small-scale VAT Taxpayers’ Reduction and Exemption (No.1, 2023). The corresponding sales amount shall be filled in the corresponding column of VAT and Additional Taxes Declaration Form (for small-scale taxpayers) and VAT-free sales amount (3% collection rate), and the corresponding reduced VAT tax amount shall be calculated as 2% of the sales amount and filled in the corresponding column of VAT tax reduction items in VAT and Additional Taxes Declaration Form (for small-scale taxpayers), Taxable Amount Reduction in Current Period and Detailed Statement of VAT Reduction and Exemption. Your company applies the policy of collecting VAT at a reduced rate of 1%. Before the publication of the above policy documents, the taxable sales of the tax-free invoices and the ordinary VAT invoices with a rate of 3% shall be filled in according to the above requirements.

[Question 12] I am a small company that wholesales goods, and I belong to a small-scale VAT taxpayer who declares monthly. In April, our company earned 500,000 yuan from selling real estate (excluding VAT, the same below) and 80,000 yuan from selling goods. Excuse me, can our company enjoy the VAT exemption policy for small-scale taxpayers with monthly sales below 100,000 yuan?

A:The Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on the Collection and Management of Small-scale VAT Taxpayers (State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Announcement No.1, 2023) stipulates that small-scale VAT taxpayers (hereinafter referred to as small-scale taxpayers) are exempt from VAT if their total monthly sales do not exceed 100,000 yuan (if one quarter is a tax period, the quarterly sales do not exceed 300,000 yuan, the same below). Small-scale taxpayers engaged in taxable sales of value-added tax, with total monthly sales exceeding 100,000 yuan, but not exceeding 100,000 yuan after deducting the sales of real estate in the current period, shall be exempted from value-added tax on the sales of goods, services and intangible assets. Your company’s total monthly sales exceed 100,000 yuan, but it does not exceed 100,000 yuan after deducting the sales of real estate in this period. Therefore, according to the regulations, the sales obtained by your company from selling goods can enjoy the exemption of value-added tax policy for small-scale taxpayers with monthly sales below 100,000 yuan. Income from the sale of real estate shall be subject to value-added tax according to regulations.

　　CCTV News:Deng Qingming is one of the first astronauts selected and trained in China. He has been selected into the echelon of Shenzhou 9, Shenzhou 10 and Shenzhou 11 as a backup astronaut. Although he hasn’t realized his dream of flying, he has been studying and training year after year for 20 years, hoping to leave his footprints at a new height of China’s space flight in the new era.

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队一级航天员 邓清明: "Turning the chair for 15 minutes does not mean turning the head for 15 minutes, but moving the head, moving back and forth, and two accelerations. This acceleration is very exciting to people. We can persist for 15 minutes, but most people can’t. There is also bed rest, head down, feet up six degrees for a week, eating and drinking Lazar are all on it, and the head is congested. Think about it, after six days of training, the height of people has increased by 2 to 3 centimeters. "

　　In 1996, the manned spaceflight project selected the first astronauts in the Air Force. After a comprehensive assessment, Deng Qingming, together with 13 other pilots, became the first astronauts of the China People’s Liberation Army Astronaut Brigade on January 5, 1998. Since that day, Deng Qingming, like other astronauts, has completed the study and training of hundreds of subjects in eight categories and has the ability to independently carry out manned space missions.

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队一级航天员 邓清明: "It’s thousands of trainings, and it’s like this step by step. Why are you so persistent? By what force? It is loyalty and mission, that is, you have a kind of responsibility that is as heavy as the sky and the responsibility is as heavy as the mountain, otherwise you can’t persist. "

　　Strict and hard training allowed Deng Qingming to be selected as a backup astronaut in the crew of Shenzhou 9, Shenzhou 10 and Shenzhou 11. The most impressive thing is that he and his comrades stayed in the ground simulation cabin for 33 days while preparing for the Shenzhou XI mission.

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队一级航天员 邓清明: "The ground verification one-to-one verification experiment simulation cabin is very narrow and completely closed in such a small space. It is locked outside and can’t get out. It can’t get out inside. Go to the toilet inside, can’t take a shower, no WIFI, no communication, no one comes to see you. "

　　Deng Qingming once again missed the opportunity when he announced the formation of an echelon before the launch of Shenzhou XI.

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队一级航天员 邓清明: "I couldn’t say it in a thousand words at that time. Haipeng happened to be sitting next to me. I turned around and stood up and hugged Haipeng and said a word. Haipeng congratulated you. I was in tears."

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队特级航天员 景海鹏：“抱的时间很长，我也深情的对邓清明说，我说兄弟啊，谢谢你，我用右手拍拍他的肩膀。”

　　最让邓清明感动的是，20年来，家人也一直在默默的支持他，妻子每次都会手捧鲜花到机场迎接，女儿也在他的影响下，成为了一名航天人。神舟十一号任务期间，父女俩同时在北京飞控中心为天上的航天员做地面支持。

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队一级航天员 邓清明：“你可能也知道古话讲叫独行快，众行远，按照解释完了就是一个人走的快，大家才能走的远，载人航天也是如此。个人的得失真的微不足道，我觉得只有大家一起努力，把这个事情完成好，让航天员、让我的兄弟、我的战友，我的海鹏和陈冬安全的回来，这就是一种幸福，也是一种成功。”

　　三次与飞天梦失之交臂，邓清明越挫越勇，更加勤奋刻苦地训练，他希望在中国空间站留下自己的足迹。

　　中国人民解放军航天员大队一级航天员 邓清明：“习主席讲了探索浩瀚宇宙，发展航天事业，建设航天强国，这是中华民族不懈的航天梦，这是全国人们的梦，也是我个人的梦，也是我家人的梦。希望在中国载人航天的新高度能够留下自己的足迹，展现我们中国航天员的风采。”

A hundred long tables

Thousands of old Chengdu hotpot are composed together.

Changlongzhuang hotpot park

Citizens and tourists enjoy a hot pot feast here.

……

Mid-Autumn National Day holiday this year

"Thousands of people in a thousand pots-Long banquet of hot pot in the park"

First presented in Xibo North Square!

"There is a leisurely and comfortable courtyard dam hot pot, a spicy taste of Chengdu, and a lively atmosphere of a long banquet." Mr. Liu, a citizen, commented on the beef at the hot pot long banquet.

It is understood that this hot pot banquet takes the form of a single person and a single pot, with a total of more than 1,000 mouths, which can be used by more than 10,000 diners to experience authentic flavor on the spot.

At the same time, there are many kinds of hot pots for the Long Banquet, and the ingredients are also carefully selected, covering mutton hotpot, beef offal hotpot, frog hotpot and rabbit hotpot with pickled peppers, which can satisfy different diners’ one-stop tastes for different types of high-quality hot pots. There are five parts: tasting area, operation area, food area, shared dining area and performance area. Among them, the food area not only focuses on displaying fresh food, but also allows tourists to pick up food by themselves.

How to rinse the hot pot with the best taste? The chef of beef omasum hot pot in Qingbaijiang Slaughterhouse showed the tourists the technique of "seven ups and eight downs". "To taste the best taste, first iron the beef omasum, and the beef omasum will not leave the chopsticks for more than 8 seconds." The chef of Chongqing hot pot is ready for the diners who pursue spicy degree. "Three kinds of peppers are used in the bottom material, and the taste level is richer."

In terms of the cost performance of hot pot that the public cares about, it is understood that the Black Dragon Beach Deep Water Fish Hot Pot has launched a 38 yuan/person set meal, which includes the bottom of the pot, oil dish, diced yellow pepper, etc. The single set meal in 50 yuan of Qingbaijiang Slaughterhouse contains thousands of layers of shredded beef omasum, flaming beef, piranha and other classic dishes for hotpot. According to reports, this activity will present the hot pot dragon feast for the majority of diners and citizens in accordance with the activity strategy of excellent quality, people-friendly price, gathering popularity and creating vitality.

Hot pot has the characteristics of extensive participation, diverse styles and good interactive atmosphere. The chef of Dalhan grassland mutton hot pot enthusiastically introduced the way to eat mutton with special sesame sauce. "Instant mutton with radish and white tofu is the original flavor of Inner Mongolia prairie." He believes that instant-boiled mutton hot pot is loved by diners in Chengdu, which is also the embodiment of the city’s inclusiveness.

Not only local residents, but also tourists who come to Xibocheng to rinse hot pot and overseas friends. "Thai students who come to experience the taste of Chengdu like this braised tiger skin chicken feet best, and they also say that they want to bring delicious food back to their hometown." The proprietress of pot-stewed hot pot said.

Chengdu is a world-renowned international food capital. If you want to find a kind of most representative food, it is undoubtedly a hot and spicy hot pot. This city-wide food carnival of "thousands of people and thousands of pots" provides a brand-new hot pot food experience and holiday punching destination for diners and citizens, and further polishes the signboard of the international food capital while offering gifts for the National Day.

This long hot pot banquet coincides with the 20th Chengdu International Food Festival and is open to the general public from 11: 00 to 22: 00 every day from September 28th to October 6th.

It is understood that the food festival links the major food activities in the city and forms a global consumption linkage system. Focusing on the theme of "the city of food is full of weather", we will hold professional exhibitions of food, round tables of the city of food, and the 20th anniversary of Chengdu’s "Rongyao" food, presenting Chengdu’s food style in a multi-level and multi-dimensional way, and displaying the image of Chengdu with modern and colorful Chinese style. Simultaneously with the hot pot banquet, there is also the "Xunwei Tianfu" food market, which provides special snacks such as electric barbecue, fried skewers, bell dumplings and stinky tofu, as well as live performances in Mahua FunAge and unplugged music.

What if you want to eat more delicious food?

Take a walk on the streets of Chengdu

Thermal map of fireworks walking on the streets of Chengdu

Take it quickly ~

Thermal map of fireworks walking on the streets of Chengdu

[Fireworks Chengdu Street Walking Thermal Map-Activity Introduction]

● Soak in the teahouse. In Chengdu, soaking in teahouses is not only the basic way of life in the streets for thousands of years, but also the correct way to experience the myriad weather in Chengdu.

● Drink coffee. More than 4,000 cafes, the third city of coffee. Coffee adjusts the taste of life in Chengdu and updates people’s taste bud experience.

● Taste delicious food. Fireworks in the streets, aesthetics of the tip of the tongue in the hall. Starting from spicy and delicious flavor, it is compatible with all kinds of dishes. I’d like to invite you to Chengdu.

● Stay in a homestay. Big hidden in the city, small hidden in the wild. B&B is reshaping the definition of tourism and vacation.

What are you waiting for?

Take advantage of the holiday

Hurry up and eat ~

Source | Chengdu Daily Jinguan News

Original title: "First presentation! "Hotpot for ten thousand people" is too hard! 》

Read the original text

　　　　Hepatitis B is one of the infectious diseases with the highest incidence rate in China, and its mortality rate ranks among the top three reported infectious diseases in China. There are about 120 million hepatitis B virus carriers in China. The annual direct medical expenses for liver diseases in China are as high as more than 100 billion yuan. The incidence of hepatitis B in our province is also on the rise, and the incidence of hepatitis B is higher than the national average. The epidemic of hepatitis B is seriously endangering public health. Hepatitis B can be prevented, but the public doesn’t know enough about it. Therefore, it has become the unshirkable responsibility of the whole society to popularize the knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and improve their self-care awareness and self-protection ability.

　　　　How big is the source of hepatitis B infection in China?

　　　　On September 3, the reporter learned from the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (hereinafter referred to as the "Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention") that China has a large population and is a high-prevalence area of hepatitis B (hereinafter referred to as "hepatitis B"), and about 120 million people are carriers of hepatitis B virus. Among the hepatitis B virus carriers, about 20 million to 30 million people are chronic hepatitis B patients. Every year, about 300,000 people die from liver diseases related to hepatitis B virus infection, such as severe hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, the incidence of hepatitis B in our province has also shown a gradual upward trend, and the incidence of hepatitis B is higher than the national average. From January to July this year alone, the incidence of hepatitis B ranked first in the number of legally reported infectious diseases in our province. From January to July this year, the incidence of hepatitis B in the province was 1248 cases, 785 cases, 1423 cases, 1225 cases, 1205 cases, 1237 cases and 1393 cases respectively.

　　　　According to experts from the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the source of infection of hepatitis B virus mainly comes from acute and chronic hepatitis B patients and hepatitis B virus carriers. Hepatitis B virus mainly propagates in human liver cells. Hepatitis B virus is also propagated in other organs and tissues of human body, such as endothelial cells, kidneys, white blood cells, pancreas, muscles and germ cells (referring to sperm) on the inner surface of small blood vessels, and a small amount of hepatitis B virus is found in muscles (smooth muscles) on intestines. Therefore, hepatitis B patients and hepatitis B virus carriers can’t supply blood, and their organs are not suitable for donation after death, because their organs all carry hepatitis B virus.

　　　　The expert went on to say that the main ways of hepatitis B transmission include blood transmission, mother-to-child transmission and sexual transmission. Once hepatitis B virus enters the damaged skin mucosa, it can cause new infection. Mothers who are carriers of hepatitis B virus or patients with acute or chronic hepatitis B can spread to their own children in the fetal period, perinatal period and infancy. Experts estimate that 30%-40% of hepatitis B virus carriers in China originate from the spread of such mothers. This infection is very dangerous and serious. Because 90% of infected people can become hepatitis B virus carriers. The relationship between hepatitis B virus and liver cancer is very close, especially familial liver cancer is mostly related to hepatitis B virus infection. The mother is a carrier of hepatitis B virus, and most of her children are infected in childhood and become carriers of hepatitis B virus. It takes about 30-50 years for hepatitis B virus carriers to develop into liver cancer. Once infants and young children are infected with hepatitis B virus, they will become the main population with liver cancer in the future. Therefore, the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine must be given to the baby within 24 hours after birth in order to effectively block the infection of hepatitis B virus.

　　　　What are the clinical symptoms of hepatitis B?

　　　　According to experts from the provincial CDC, the average incubation period of hepatitis B is 6 weeks, but it may be as long as 6 months. Children are often asymptomatic after infection. But compared with adults, most children can become carriers of hepatitis B virus. Symptomatic hepatitis B patients will feel weak, have stomach upset and other flu-like symptoms, and also have dark urine color or grayish white feces, common jaundice (yellow skin or yellow sclera), and the symptoms can last for weeks or months. Most adults can fully recover from acute hepatitis B virus infection, but many children will become hepatitis B virus carriers. Patients with acute hepatitis B have lifelong immunity to the disease after rehabilitation (without becoming chronic carriers). If there are unexplained symptoms such as burnout, fatigue, loss of appetite, liver pain, hepatomegaly, tapping pain in liver area, jaundice, dark urine color, etc., liver disease examination and hepatitis B serological test should be done.

　　　　How to prevent hepatitis B

　　　　According to experts from the provincial CDC, two measures can be taken to prevent hepatitis B? Don’t use blood and blood products that haven’t been tested for hepatitis B in life and collective environment as much as possible, don’t go to black dens to donate blood, don’t have homosexual behavior and whoring behavior, don’t use unclean syringes, acupuncture needles, dental drills and endoscopes and other interventional medical instruments, and don’t share razors, ear needles, tattoo needles, toothbrushes and other instruments. In addition, it is to inoculate hepatitis B vaccine to improve its own immune antibody level.

　　　　Hepatitis B vaccine is suitable for all people.

　　　　Who is suitable for hepatitis B vaccination? According to experts from the provincial CDC, hepatitis B vaccine is also the only vaccine that can prevent liver cancer. Vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is the core strategy to prevent hepatitis B. In addition to neonatal immunization, preschool children, adults and high-risk groups of hepatitis B should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine.

　　　　He said that the first group of people is newborns, which is the most important group to receive hepatitis B vaccine immunization. Because if you are infected by hepatitis B virus during this period, 90% of you can become asymptomatic infected and hepatitis B virus carriers, and the consequences are very serious. 30% of liver cancer related to hepatitis B virus infection comes from hepatitis B virus infection in newborns, and a large proportion of them develop into chronic hepatitis. Therefore, neonatal immunization is the most important thing to prevent hepatitis B. Since 2003, our government has provided free hepatitis B vaccine for newborns, and stipulated that all newborns must receive hepatitis B vaccine immunization, which is the right of children and the obligation of parents.

　　　　The second group of people are children under 6 years old. Infants infected with hepatitis B are easy to become carriers of hepatitis B virus. The younger the infection age, the greater the probability of persistent infection. After such children are infected with hepatitis B virus, 30%-70% of them can also become carriers of hepatitis B virus, and they will easily develop into chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer in adulthood.

　　　　The third group of people are doctors, especially doctors in surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, dentistry and otolaryngology, laboratory workers engaged in serum testing and all nurses. Anyone who has not been infected with hepatitis B virus should be vaccinated. Besides protecting yourself, it can also protect the safety of patients. In addition, if there are hepatitis B patients or hepatitis B virus carriers at home, their family members should be vaccinated against hepatitis B to avoid infection.

　　　　The fourth group of people are those who are engaged in heavy physical labor and are easy to cause labor injuries.

　　　　The fifth group of people is people with low immune function. For example, after tumor surgery, people who take immunosuppressive drugs for a long time, renal dialysis patients, and blood patients who often need blood transfusion and blood products are in poor health and have low resistance. Once they are infected with hepatitis B virus, the consequences are very serious, so they should be vaccinated with high doses of hepatitis B vaccine.

　　　　The sixth group of people are the army, college students of certain majors, etc. However, there are also some people who can’t get hepatitis B vaccine and don’t need it. If a person with a fever can’t be vaccinated, wait until his fever has gone down. Secondly, people with allergies, that is, people who are allergic to many things should use hepatitis B vaccine with caution. There are already protective antibodies in the body, and people with high levels do not need to be immunized again. However, if the antibody level is very low, it is still a suitable target for vaccine immunization.

　　　　Three needles, protect the child’s life!

　　　　On September 3rd, the reporter learned that according to the actual situation in our province, the Provincial Health Department, in cooperation with the China Hepatitis Prevention and Treatment Foundation, will give free hepatitis B vaccine to 500,000 school-age children in Haidong, Haixi and Yushu from September this year to May next year, so that more than 95% of school-age children in primary schools in the province can get free hepatitis B vaccination, thus making Qinghai one of the provinces that have completed hepatitis B vaccination for school-age children nationwide. Therefore, experts from relevant departments in our province especially remind the public that hepatitis B can evolve into chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, and hepatitis B vaccine can indirectly prevent liver cancer. Therefore, after three shots of hepatitis B vaccine are given in newborns and childhood, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer can be prevented. After the child is born, he should be given three injections according to the procedure of 0, 1 and 6 months stipulated by the national immunization plan, that is, the first injection should be given within 24 hours after birth, the second injection should be given at one month and the third injection should be given at six months. Adults and children can be vaccinated according to the procedures of 0, 1 and 6 months, which can protect you and your child’s life. (Author: Wang Xiaohong)

Editor: Tian Shijia

　　Ensuring national food security is the primary task of building an agricultural power. Last year, China’s grain production achieved another bumper harvest, which provided important support for stabilizing the economic market. However, the demand for food is still growing rigidly, and the pressure to secure the rice bowl is increasing.

　　This year, the No.1 document of the Central Committee proposed to do a good job in grain production, ensure that the national grain output remains above 1.3 trillion Jin, stabilize the area, focus on yield per unit area, and strive to increase production. The reporter was informed that in the next step, the relevant departments will step up the implementation of a new round of 100 billion Jin of grain production capacity improvement, intensify the cultivation of soybean oil, consolidate the foundation of food security in all directions, and strive to push grain production capacity to a new level as soon as possible.

　　Push production capacity to a new level.

　　A year’s plan starts with spring. At present, the national spring ploughing preparation is being carried out from south to north one after another, laying the foundation for winning the annual grain harvest.

　　Ensuring the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products is the top priority in building an agricultural power. China’s grain output has been stable at more than 1.3 trillion Jin for eight consecutive years. Especially last year, it overcame multiple unfavorable factors such as epidemic situation, sharp fluctuations in international food prices and high agricultural prices, and won a bumper harvest, which provided important support for stabilizing expectations, prices and confidence.

　　Document No.1 of the Central Committee continues to give top priority to ensuring the stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, and demands to ensure that the national grain output remains above 1.3 trillion Jin, stabilize the area, focus on yield per unit area, strive to increase production, and implement a new round of 100 billion Jin grain production capacity improvement action.

　　"It is necessary to concentrate the necessary resources and means, and strive to push the grain production capacity to a new level at an early date. A step of 100 billion Jin means more than 1.4 trillion Jin. " Tang Renjian, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said.

　　Increasing the capacity of soybean and corn is the key. "In recent years, affected by the epidemic situation, international geopolitics and other factors, the global industrial chain and supply chain have been hit, and the stable and safe supply of important agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar in China is facing certain challenges, especially the external dependence of edible oil. In this context, it is very urgent to improve the domestic production capacity of these products. " Han Yijun, a professor at the School of Economics and Management of China Agricultural University, said.

　　Document No.1 of the Central Committee made it clear that the project of improving corn yield per unit area should be implemented. Tang Renjian said that it will intensify efforts to plant soybean oil, solidly promote soybean and corn strip compound planting, support grain-bean rotation in Northeast China, Huang, Huai and Hai regions, steadily develop and utilize saline-alkali land to plant soybeans, and increase production by increasing oil.

　　Consolidate the foundation of food security in all directions

　　To ensure food security, measures should focus on strengthening the material basis of storing food in the ground and storing food in technology.

　　Cultivated land is the lifeblood of grain production. Document No.1 of the Central Committee emphasizes strengthening the protection and use control of cultivated land, completing the annual task of new construction, renovation and upgrading of high-standard farmland, focusing on filling shortcomings such as soil improvement and farmland irrigation and drainage facilities, and formulating an implementation plan for gradually building all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland.

　　The construction of high-standard farmland with high and stable yield is a key measure to consolidate and improve grain production capacity and ensure national food security. By the end of 2022, 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland will be built nationwide, accounting for more than half of China’s 1.918 billion mu of cultivated land.

　　"The No.1 Document of the Central Committee has emphasized the construction of high-standard farmland for 12 consecutive years. This year, new requirements and new tasks have been put forward for the construction of high-standard farmland. For the first time, ‘ Formulate an implementation plan to gradually build all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland ’ Write it. " Jun Guo, an associate researcher at the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said.

　　Jun Guo said that to continuously promote the construction of high-standard farmland, it is necessary not only to build and manage it well, but also to promote high-efficiency water-saving irrigation as a whole, improve the long-term management and protection mechanism, and strengthen the protection of black land and the comprehensive management of sloping farmland.

　　At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology and equipment. The No.1 Document of the Central Committee emphasized that the key core technologies of agriculture should be tackled, the seed industry should be revitalized, and the R&D and promotion of advanced agricultural machinery should be accelerated. "Accelerate the self-reliance and self-improvement of agricultural science and technology, focus on increasing the yield per unit area, and come up with comprehensive solutions for the integration and assembly of fertile fields, improved varieties, good methods, good opportunities and good systems one by one, and demand output and capacity from science and technology." Tang Renjian said.

　　According to the data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the contribution rate of China’s agricultural science and technology progress reached 62.4% in 2022. The overall level of agricultural science and technology innovation in China has entered the first phalanx in the world. Breakthroughs have been made in core provenance and new variety cultivation, chassis technology, hilly agricultural machinery and other fields. Some original scientific and technological achievements lead the world.

　　"Scientific and technological innovation is the fundamental driving force for promoting agricultural and rural modernization." Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development, China Academy of Social Sciences, said that we should make breakthroughs in policy mechanisms, actively attract innovative elements such as gathering international outstanding agricultural scientific and technological talents, teams and resources, and coordinate the domestic and foreign markets and global scientific and technological resources, so as to realize the leap from an agricultural power to an agricultural power.

　　Improve the mechanism to ensure the mobilization of two enthusiasm.

　　To improve grain production capacity, it is necessary to "strengthen policies", improve the mechanism guarantee for farmers to earn money from growing grain and local governments to take responsibility for grain, and mobilize and enhance farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain and catching grain in main producing areas.

　　In 2022, China’s grain production won a bumper harvest against the trend, which is inseparable from a series of extraordinary and super-strong grain production support policies. Among them, the central government continued to raise the minimum purchase price of rice and wheat, and distributed a total of 40 billion yuan of one-time subsidies to actual grain farmers for three times, double that of 2021; Increase the reward for large grain-producing counties and expand the scale of rotation funds; 7 billion yuan was allocated to support summer grain to promote strong and stable production, and 10 billion yuan was allocated to support autumn grain to resist high temperature and drought, which effectively mobilized farmers’ enthusiasm for production.

　　Document No.1 of the Central Committee clearly stated that the minimum purchase price of wheat should be continuously raised, the minimum purchase price of rice should be reasonably determined, rice subsidies should be stabilized, and the response mechanism of ensuring supply and stabilizing prices of agricultural materials should be improved. We will improve the interest compensation mechanism in major producing areas and increase the scale of incentive funds in major grain-producing counties. Gradually expand the scope of full cost insurance and planting income insurance for rice, wheat and corn.

　　"With price, subsidy and insurance ‘ Trinity ’ Support policy system to ensure the production cost of grain farmers, so that farmers do not suffer losses in growing grain; With the gradual improvement of the interest compensation mechanism, the main producing areas will be economically affordable. " Cao Hui, a researcher at the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said.

　　In addition, Tang Renjian said that this year, the grain production targets and tasks agreed by the State Council will continue to be assigned to all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the planting area will be compacted by varieties. Strictly assess the responsibility system for farmland protection and food security of provincial party committees and governments, and promote the implementation of policies and work with the implementation of responsibilities.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:On December 4th, 29 wild birds, including 7 national first-class protected animals, Oriental stork, were found dead in the fish pond on the south side of Jinhan Highway in Ninghe District, Tianjin. The Tianjin police also immediately filed a case and launched an investigation.

　　　　　　 Tan Jianqiang, a bird-loving volunteer, said: "I arrived here at 8: 00 am on December 4, and at first glance, it was broken and the oriental stork died."

　　　　　　 Wang Jianmin, a bird-loving volunteer, said: "It died on the ground with flapping wings, so we suspected that it had eaten something poisonous."

　　　　　　 Through the pictures taken by bird-loving volunteers at the scene on December 4, we can see that the water surface was frozen at the time of the incident, and the oriental storks spread their wings and lay motionless on the ice. After careful observation, the volunteers found that these oriental storks were not traumatized and had no symptoms of illness. In addition, there were dead fish around them. Volunteers suspected that these oriental storks eventually died because of eating poisonous fish, and immediately reported the case to the public security department.

　　　　　　 Zhao Chunzhang, deputy director of Ninghe Branch of Tianjin Public Security Bureau: "The first step is to block the scene, and then the second step is to conduct on-site investigation on the water and birds in the whole fish pond and surrounding ponds, and make an autopsy on the oriental stork in time. At the same time, the headquarters will be set up to cooperate with multiple police types."

　　　　　　 Through the inspection by the Physical Evidence Identification Center of Tianjin Public Security Bureau, it was finally confirmed that 23 wild birds, including 6 oriental storks, contained phorate, which was also consistent with the inspection results of water samples, fish and shrimp extracted from fish ponds. During the investigation, the public security department learned that Sun Moumou, the contractor of the fish pond, bought pond-cleaning chemicals from other places online in order to clean the fish pond, and there was still excessive delivery during the delivery process. After testing, the pond cleaning agent contains phorate, a pesticide whose use is restricted by the state.

　　　　　　 Zhou Qiang, deputy head of the Environmental Food and Drug Security Corps of Tianjin Public Security Bureau, said: "In November this year, the fish pond contractor fished the fish, shrimps and crabs cultured in the pond, and in order to disinfect the bottom of the pond, he bought a drug for cleaning the pond. This drug contains a pesticide called phorate. Now it can be concluded that the cause of bird death is the poisoning of pesticide phorate caused by eating water and fish in fish ponds by mistake. "

　　　　　　 On December 7, Tianjin public security organs took compulsory measures against Sun Moumou, a fish pond contractor. At present, the case is under further investigation, and related clues such as restricting the use of pesticides are still being sold are also under further investigation.

　　　　　　 [Latest progress] Clean up water bodies and bury dead fish in the waters involved

　　　　　　 Oriental white stork is a rare and endangered species, and Tianjin, Hebei and other places in China are one of the migration routes of oriental white stork. In order to prevent migratory birds from eating toxic fish again, on December 4, after the incident, the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government attached great importance to it, and the local forestry department immediately rushed to the scene to take corresponding measures against dead fish and water containing pesticides.

　　　　　　 Chen Yuhui, director of the Forestry Bureau of Ninghe District, Tianjin: "The first is to send people to be on duty 24 hours a day at the town and village levels, and immediately drive away the birds in good faith when there are still birds lingering or eating; The second is to disinfect and bury the dead bodies of all the fish next to the pit with lime. "

　　　　　　 In addition to cleaning up, burying and sending special personnel to take care of the dead fish, the reporter at the scene saw that the local forestry department also set up reflective strips to drive migratory birds away to avoid the recurrence of birds eating by mistake.

　　　　　　 In addition, Chen Yuhui also introduced that Ninghe District has established a national nature reserve for migratory birds’ concentrated habitats, and the awareness of loving and protecting birds in the reserve has gradually increased. The fish pond where the oriental stork died this time is 10 kilometers away from the nature reserve, not in the reserve. In view of the problem that the awareness of bird protection of fish pond operators outside this protected area still needs to be strengthened, the local forestry department has also carried out publicity with 14 towns in the whole region, and at the same time carried out net-pulling investigation.

　　　　　　 Zheng Jingsong, Party Secretary of Jiajia Town, Ninghe District, Tianjin: "How many fish ponds are there in our village now?"

　　　　　　 Fish pond contractor: "Now there are about 3,000 mu in our village."

　　　　　　 Zheng Jingsong, secretary of the Party Committee of Jiajia Town, Ninghe District, Tianjin: "The shoals of fish ponds must be patrolled by special personnel. After the birds fly, they are willing to play in these places."

　　　　　　 Chen Yanhui, director of the Forestry Bureau of Ninghe District, Tianjin, said: "It is the responsibility of compacting towns and villages. For all fish ponds and shallow pits where birds may wander for food, a major investigation has been carried out again, and a daily newspaper system has been adopted. If birds are found to be abnormal, they should be rescued in time and reported to us."

　　　　　　 After the incident, the relevant departments of all districts in Tianjin also deployed and investigated the relevant areas where migratory birds stopped in Tianjin.

　　　　　　 Zhou Qiang, deputy head of Tianjin Public Security Bureau’s Environmental Food and Drug Security Corps: "Next, the city’s public security organs will further strengthen the crackdown on illegal hunting and trafficking of wild animals, and find that they will be investigated together to protect the ecological environment of our city more effectively."