Inquiries of National Nucleic Acid Testing Institutions (the first batch of 921)

All localities can make scientific assessment according to the needs of epidemic prevention and control work and detection ability, and provide close contacts, overseas entry personnel, fever outpatients, newly hospitalized patients and their accompanying personnel, medical institution staff, port quarantine and frontier inspection personnel, prison staff, social welfare pension institution staff, etc.Key population "should be checked and checked".Implement "willing to check and check" for other people.

The cost of "due diligence" shall be borne by local governments, and the cost of "willing diligence" shall be borne by enterprises, institutions or individuals; The detection fee standard is determined and publicized by the local price departments.All localities should promptly publish the list of testing institutions..

—— "Guiding Opinions on the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council’s Response to novel coronavirus’s Pneumonia Epidemic on Doing a Good Job in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19’s Epidemic Normalization"

In order to implement normalization prevention and control,

Promote "all due diligence" and "all willing diligence"

National Health Commission

detrusion[Inquiry of nucleic acid testing institutions]service

Go online in the State Council client.

At present, there are production and construction corps in Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Xinjiang.

921 testing institutions uploaded.

You can check it here with one click.


Specific operation guide

1.Find the nucleic acid detection agency:Enter the applet, you canManually select the region, or through the organization name, address, etc.search.

2.Contact by phone:click"contact telephone number"You can directly contact the agency for consultation.

The data is still gathering and improving.

National nucleic acid testing institutions have been updated one after another.

Save the sunflower code first

It takes a long time to press or scan to enter the service ↓


Gratifying changes in China’s environment coexist with severe situation.

June 5th is World Environment Day. What’s the environmental situation in China? How has environmental protection made progress? What role does environmental protection play in optimizing economic growth? ….. These are what people want to know most on this special day.

According to the 2014 Bulletin on the State of the Environment in China notified by the Ministry of Environmental Protection to the media on the 4th, in 2014, with the great attention of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, positive progress was made in the construction of ecological civilization and the reform in the field of ecological environment, and new steps were taken in the prevention and control of air, water and soil pollution. However, the environmental situation in China is still grim, and it still faces many difficulties and challenges.

The data is mixed.

China State of the Environment Bulletin 2014 shows the positive changes in China’s environmental situation and environmental protection progress, and also reflects the problems existing in China’s environment and environmental protection.

Compared with the last year’s bulletin on the state of the environment, in the first phase of 2013, only 4.1% of the 74 cities monitored by the new standards met the standard. According to the Bulletin, among the 161 cities that monitored the new air quality standards nationwide in 2014, the annual average air quality in 16 cities reached the standard, and the air quality in 145 cities exceeded the standard.

The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, combined with the data, said that since the implementation of the "Atmosphere Ten" one year ago, the air quality of 74 key cities has generally improved, the proportion of cities that have reached the standard and the number of days that have reached the standard have increased, and the concentration of major pollutants has decreased. The average annual concentration of PM2.5 in 74 cities that implemented the new air quality standards decreased by 11.1%, among which the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region decreased by 12.3%, 10.4% and 10.6% respectively.

The gratifying changes in atmospheric governance are enough to show that actions in environmental governance will achieve results.

But at the same time, more data makes us must remain highly vigilant-

According to the Bulletin, the water quality of 968 state-controlled surface water monitoring sections (points) in 423 major rivers and 62 key lakes (reservoirs) in China has been monitored, and the water quality sections of I, II, III, IV, V and worse than V account for 3.4%, 30.4%, 29.3%, 20.9% and 6.8% respectively. As far as surface water is concerned, the proportion of seriously polluted inferior V water bodies is still worrying.

Among 4,896 groundwater monitoring points, the proportion of monitoring points with excellent water quality is 10.8%, that with good water quality is 25.9%, that with good water quality is 1.8%, that with poor water quality is 45.4%, and that with very poor water quality is 16.1%. The current situation that the water quality is poor and extremely poor exceeds 60% shows that China is facing unprecedented water pollution pressure.

According to the Bulletin, in 2013, the national ecological environment quality was generally "average". Among the 2461 counties, there are 558, 1051, 641, 196 and 15 excellent, good, average, poor and poor counties respectively. Counties with "excellent" and "good" ecological environment quality account for 46.7% of the land area, "average" counties account for 23.0%, and "poor" and "poor" counties account for 30.3%.

By the end of 2013, there were 646,168,400 hectares of agricultural land in China, with a net increase of 0.49 million hectares during the year. The total area of soil erosion in China is 2,949,100 square kilometers, accounting for 31.12% of the total area of the census …

Chen Jining, Minister of Environmental Protection, said that in recent years, China’s pollution control process has been accelerated and made positive progress, but the emissions of some major pollutants are still at a high level, and there is a big gap between environmental quality and the needs and expectations of the public. It is bound to be a long-term process to fundamentally improve China’s environmental quality. This requires us not only to have the determination and positive actions to fight a tough battle, but also to be prepared to fight a protracted war and move towards the goal step by step.

Use hard measures to accomplish hard tasks

From September 12th, 2013, when the "starting gun" sounded for haze control, the state announced the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan-"Ten Articles of Atmosphere", to the recent Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan-"Ten Articles of Water", and then to the Soil Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Action Plan-"Ten Articles of Soil", which is being worked out quickly, and the hard tasks were completed by hard measures.

In 2014, we gained experience and built up people’s confidence in pollution control.

In this year, more than 7 million yellow-label vehicles and old cars and more than 50,000 small coal-fired boilers were eliminated nationwide by controlling vehicles, coal, desulfurization and dust removal. 190 million kilowatts of coal-fired units have completed the transformation of desulfurization and dust removal, and 11,000 square meters of steel sintering machines have installed flue gas desulfurization facilities, and many large chimneys no longer emit black and yellow smoke.

This year, the central government allocated 10 billion yuan of special funds to prevent and control air pollution; Arrange special funds for environmental protection of 240 million yuan.

This year, I found the "culprit" of smog in 9 major cities such as Beijing. Motor vehicles, industrial production, coal burning and dust are the main sources of PM2.5 pollution in most cities, accounting for about 85% to 90%. The primary source of pollution in Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Shenzhen is motor vehicles.

This year, environmental protection and public security jointly enforced the law, and the environmental protection department transferred 2,180 suspected criminal cases to the public security organs, three times more than in 2013.

This year, the Ministry of Environmental Protection interviewed the heads of more than 10 cities such as Hengyang, Anyang and Kunming, which failed to cure haze, and urged local governments to take on key responsibilities.

"We should do a good job in the prevention and control of water pollution as we do in the prevention and control of air pollution, and implement the road map of’ Water Ten’ as a construction drawing." Chen Jining said at the symposium on water pollution prevention and control held on May 28th.

"Water pollution control is much more difficult than air pollution control, especially lake pollution control, which generally takes decades or even hundreds of years." Gao Jixi, director of the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, said that compared with air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution have greater environmental impact and ecological damage. It takes a long time to win the tough battle of water pollution control, and it will take a long time.

"Under the background of the new economic normal, environmental protection work should be set in a good position." Chen Jining said that the downward pressure on the economy has brought new challenges to environmental protection. This requires us to closely focus on promoting stable and healthy economic development, balance and handle the relationship between economic development and environmental protection, grasp the key points, methods and intensity of environmental protection work, and find a good combination point, focus point and breakthrough point. We must not only keep the red line of ecological protection, total industrial emissions and environmental access standards, but also use environmental protection to promote economic transformation and upgrading, and strive to achieve coordination and win-win between the two. (Reporter Cao Hongyan)

From popularity to low tide, what did the "P2P online loan" feast leave?

  Seeing such words as "high interest rate" and "high return", the public should be extra alert and raise their awareness of prevention. Evening News reporter Wei Chi Jianping photo

  At the end of August, Tianjin Public Security Peace Branch and Binhai New Area Branch successively issued announcements to investigate 11 online lending platforms suspected of illegally absorbing public deposits. So far, illegal online lending platforms in Tianjin have been basically cleaned up. As a hot industry, P2P (person-to-person loan) has attracted a lot of attention and funds since its birth. Many people invest in financial management on the platform, and many people also borrow money on the platform. Now most of the online lending platforms have been cleaned up, and only a very small part is still in operation. These platforms, which are still in operation, stated that they would "quit benign", that is, completely quit the online loan industry.

  Since June 2018, a large number of P2P platforms have experienced a redemption crisis. Some platform controllers have run away, and it is difficult for fund lenders (wealth managers) to get back the investment principal and interest. After investigation by local public security departments, these P2P platforms have violated the red line of "no fund pool" and are suspected of illegally absorbing public deposits.

  From the popularity of the past to the ebb tide of today, what has this industry brought to the society and left behind?

  Someone’s in jail

  September is the season of school. After three years in the workplace, Xiaolei (pseudonym) stepped into the campus again to study for graduate students. He graduated from an undergraduate college in this city three years ago, and made an appointment with his roommate to study for graduate students three years later. Now, his roommate friend has been detained for violating the criminal law. This student graduated and entered the P2P online loan industry.

  When Xiao Lei graduated, some students in the class wanted to take the civil service exam, while others wanted to enter the banking and securities industries. However, due to fierce competition, most of Xiaolei’s classmates failed to do so.

  At that time, the concept of internet finance was in full swing, and a large number of emerging financial companies appeared in the market. They recruited soldiers and promised high salaries to attract college students to join. Gang Lin (a pseudonym), a classmate of Xiaolei, was admitted to Tianjin from rural areas. His family was poor and he wanted to get a high income when he graduated. As it happens, a P2P online lending platform in Beijing recruited externally, and he applied successfully.

  A year later, Xiao Lei learned from his classmates that Gang Lin was "developed", with a monthly salary of more than 50,000 yuan, and had achieved the position of deputy director of marketing on this platform. At a class reunion, Gang Lin was in high spirits and told her classmates that she would be able to buy a house in Beijing in two months. This made the students very envious, and all the students felt that Gang Lin was really "turned over", and he was no longer the thrifty and wussy person at school.

  Xiaolei was not admitted to the civil service, but worked in the financial department of a private enterprise with a monthly salary of more than 6,000 yuan. He learned through some news that some P2P online lending platforms are not matching personal transactions at all, but publishing false targets, attracting investors with super high interest rates and putting investors’ money in their own controlled accounts. These platforms, which are engaged in fund pool business, are suspected of illegally absorbing public deposits, and their behavior is to be convicted and sentenced to jail.

  On a weekend, Xiao Lei found Gang Lin, and after asking questions, he carefully asked his classmates, is your platform compliant? Is the mark on it true? Gang Lin said casually that most platforms are fake, and what they do is to pool funds. Hearing this, Xiao Lei was shocked: "We all know the law, and this kind of behavior is punishable. Don’t you know?"

  Gang Lin pondered for a while, then slowly began to say that it was not easy for him to get a foothold in the city when he came out of the countryside. Plus going to college before, I spent more than 100 thousand yuan at home, and many of them were borrowed. Doing an ordinary job in the city of Beijing, after deducting rent and living expenses, there is little left, not to mention borrowing money from home. If you resign, you will lose a lot of income.

  Xiaolei was angry with his good friend Gang Lin’s explanation, but Gang Lin said that there are thousands of platforms all over the country doing this, and there is nothing wrong with it.

  Since June, 2018, Gang Lin’s platform has absorbed less and less funds, but has to pay more and more interest to customers in the early stage, which has gradually led to a financial crisis. The platform controller used to misappropriate customers’ funds, bought several properties in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen, and quickly sold them. However, the market was not good and it was difficult to sell them. The company’s capital chain was completely broken, and some investors reported to the Beijing police.

  In November 2018, Gang Lin’s platform was put on file for investigation. Xiaolei tried to contact Gang Lin, but found that no one answered the phone and found Gang Lin’s family. Only then did she know that Gang Lin was criminally detained because he was an executive on this platform and mastered the flow of some funds.

  Xiaolei urged Gang Lin’s family to let Gang Lin tell the whereabouts of the funds as soon as possible, and actively compensate the investors, so as to get a reduced sentence. However, he found that Gang Lin’s family was not interested in paying back the money and had no hope of reducing the sentence. One of his relatives told Xiaolei that since 2018, the funds absorbed by Gang Lin through its subordinates have not been handed over to the platform, but many properties have been purchased in foreign countries in the name of others. "Now even if he is sentenced to a maximum of 10 years in prison, Gang Lin will be less than 35 years old after he is released from prison, which will not affect him to get married and have children abroad."

  Seeing this family doing this, Xiao Lei felt that they were really stubborn.

  Someone No Country for Old Men.

  According to a survey, the majority of people who invest in financial management on the Internet are middle-aged and elderly people. After more than 15 years of hard work, they have no pressure to mortgage and raise children, and they have some savings in their hands, so they are potential customers of high-interest financial management. As it happens, a large number of P2P online loan financing platforms have emerged on the Internet, which can provide three times higher interest than bank deposits, and let these middle-aged and elderly people fall into the trap.

  Wei Dong (pseudonym), a resident of Hedong District, is 48 years old. He was dismissed from a furniture factory two years ago and it is difficult to find a job. Through the Internet, he knows that some P2P online lending platforms can earn 12% to 15% annual interest by investing in them. This kind of return on investment is much higher than that of banks, and it pays interest on a monthly basis.

  With the attitude of giving it a try, he took out 200,000 yuan from his home for many years and transferred it to the financial platform through online banking. A month later, he received interest of nearly 3000 yuan. He thinks that if this continues, it will be equivalent to a stable job income. Besides, when I go out to find a job at my age, my income is similar to this interest.

  Wei Dong wants more in return. At that time, his parents left him a house of more than 50 square meters. He sold this small house and collected some money to buy a bigger house for his children as a wedding room. However, the child just started working and didn’t want to get married for a short time, so he rented out the house at a rent of 1800 yuan a month.

  In the market, his house is worth more than 1.3 million yuan. Wei Dong calculated that if this house is converted into cash and invested in the P2P online lending platform, it will receive interest of more than 10,000 yuan a month! So, he listed the house in the intermediary and sold it at a price lower than the market price of 100,000 yuan, and soon got 1.2 million yuan in cash.

  Wei Dong invested all 1.2 million yuan in cash in a certain platform, and recovered 15,000 yuan in interest in the first month, which was several times higher than the rental of the house. He was so excited that he couldn’t sleep. For four consecutive months, he received interest on time. He once felt that his old age was really happy.

  Wei Dong’s wife also knows about selling the house. However, the wife is more inclined to deposit a large deposit certificate in the bank or buy a fund for financial management, with an annual income of about 5%. Wei Dong’s wife said, what kind of business do these online platforms make so much money that they can give investors more than 12% interest? Are they better than banks? Wei Dong was speechless, just saying that his wife couldn’t keep up with the times.

  The good times didn’t last long. When he invested in the sixth month, Wei Dong didn’t receive the interest on time. He called the customer service number left by the website and no one answered. At the investor forum, it was revealed that this P2P online lending platform had a redemption crisis, the capital chain was broken, and the actual controller and several executives had run away. Wei Dong panicked and rushed to the city where the platform was located to find the company’s registered address. As a result, it was found that the company’s office was sealed up and the door was surrounded by investors from all over the country.

  Since then, Wei Dong has been bent on recovering the investment of 1.2 million yuan, and he no longer wants interest, just thinking that the principal can come back. In the rights exchange group, he learned that some people invested more than 5 million yuan in compensation for demolition, and some people, like him, sold their houses to invest.

  The family is completely chaotic, and my wife has no mind to dance square dance anymore. My son’s wedding room has no landing, and he dare not talk about the object. Wei Dong lost 15 pounds a month, and he dared not think about his old age in the future.

  "benign exit" becomes a common expectation

  On August 29th, Dai Mokang, the legal representative of Shanghai Zendai University, a well-known listed company, and others surrendered themselves to the police, claiming that there were illegal acts such as setting up a fund pool and misappropriating funds during the company’s operation, and it was no longer possible to pay them. The Shanghai police said in the circular that Zendai Company illegally absorbed deposits from unspecified public through its online wealth management platform (Shanghai Zendai Aite Financial Information Service Co., Ltd.), and the case is currently under further investigation.

  This is just a microcosm. At the heyday of P2P online lending platform, all kinds of business entities and capitals have entered this industry. According to incomplete statistics, in 2017, more than 40 listed companies in China set foot in P2P, and one listed company directly changed its name to "Pipaopi". However, the tide will eventually recede. By the end of August 2019, of the more than 6,900 P2P online lending platforms that once existed in China, more than 6,000 have closed down.

  In a few years, investors, platforms and lenders seemed to get together and enjoy an unprecedented feast, but in the end, every participant paid the bill. Many investors have lost their money and are the biggest victims. Some platform controllers and executives have been jailed with criminal records. Most of the netizens who borrowed money from the platform bear super-high interest rates, and now many of them are harassed by the collection calls of "routine loans".

  At the end of August, when attending the 2019 China International Intelligent Industry Expo, Ma Yun said that P2P was not Internet finance from the first day, but an illegal fund-raising product with a webpage.

  At present, there are more than 700 P2P online lending platforms, many of which declare that they "don’t run away", actively pay off investors, and finally quit. But in fact, many platforms have transferred funds, so promising to the public is only a plan to slow down the troops, and soon the actual controller will surrender or run away. Even if some platforms have the willingness to refund investors, the recovered funds may not be able to make up the hole, and investors can only recover part of the principal.

  Why did so many people rush into the P2P online lending platform? Xiao Lei was thinking. When he got together with his classmates to discuss Gang Lin’s case, he was puzzled by Gang Lin’s reluctance to actively refund the investors. Someone asked him, given 10 years, can you earn enough money to buy a house abroad? Xiao Lei said, I can’t. His classmates told him that’s right. Some people are willing to exchange 10 years’ imprisonment for 10 million yuan of assets. Even if you work hard, you can’t earn so much money. In this respect, people actually made a profit from this transaction.

  Hearing this, Xiao Lei seems to understand something.

  However, in the end, Gang Lin couldn’t stand the torture of conscience. He suddenly repented and decided to sell overseas properties and actively compensate investors in order to get leniency.

  Why do ordinary citizens always can’t stand the temptation of high-interest financial management and frequently become "takers" and "reapers", while those "game makers" and "reapers" face obviously insufficient punishment? These hidden problems are worth pondering. Similarly, college graduates blindly pursue high salaries when seeking jobs, ignoring whether the industries they are engaged in are legal and compliant, thus forming wrong values and wealth views, which is more worthy of attention. (Reporter Li Jisen)

Five New Insect Species Found in Wuyishan National Park

  Xinhua News Agency, Fuzhou, July 9 (Reporter Zhang Huaying) A few days ago, the reporter learned from the Wuyishan National Park Scientific Research Monitoring Center that during the background investigation of biological resources in Wuyishan National Park, researchers discovered five new insect species of the genus Euonymus, namely, Euonymus brevis, Euonymus versicolor, Euonymus versicolor and Euonymus versicolor. At present, relevant scientific research results have been published in the Journal of Insect Taxonomy.

  This is the morphological feature map of the short-protruding yellow hidden-shouldered bat. (Photo courtesy of Wuyishan National Park Scientific Research Monitoring Center)

  This is the figure of morphological characteristics of the yellow-shouldered bat. (Photo courtesy of Wuyishan National Park Scientific Research Monitoring Center)

  This is the morphological feature map of the yellow hidden-shouldered bat in Jiuquxi. (Photo courtesy of Wuyishan National Park Scientific Research Monitoring Center)

  This is the figure of the morphological characteristics of the square-protruding yellow-shouldered bat. (Photo courtesy of Wuyishan National Park Scientific Research Monitoring Center)

  This is the morphological feature map of the yellow-hidden-shouldered bat in Wuyishan. (Photo courtesy of Wuyishan National Park Scientific Research Monitoring Center)

  In April 2021, Wuyishan National Park Administration launched a three-year background survey of biological resources. More than 100 experts from many scientific research units and universities went to the field many times to comprehensively investigate the main ecosystems and biological groups of Wuyishan National Park. Up to now, 24 new species have been found in the survey. During the investigation, researchers collected a large number of insect samples, observed the morphological characteristics of adult samples through stereoscope and microscope, and identified them as new species by means of morphological taxonomy.

  Ma Fangzhou, an associate researcher at the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the yellow-shouldered dance insects are generally small in size, with the adult body length ranging from 1.8 mm to 2.8 mm, the male insect’s abdominal end is thick and the female insect is slender. Their larvae live under the ground cover, rocks or soil, and adults are terrestrial, mostly moving on the surface and ground of plants. Preying prey mainly includes psyllids, aphids, scale insects, mosquitoes, flies, mites and other important economic pests or health pests.

  Ma Fangzhou said that the new species of Rhopalosiphum discovered this time plays an important role in clarifying the insect resources of Rhopalosiphum, and at the same time, it is of great significance in the comprehensive management of pests by biological control and the study of indicator organisms for biodiversity and environmental assessment.

Dry goods | Cross-border e-commerce VS differences in domestic e-commerce Operational articles

Dry goods | Cross-border e-commerce VS differences in domestic e-commerce Operational articles

Many companies that have made a fortune on e-commerce platforms have found that,The "record high" of platform data is actually the unprofitable prosperity of losing money and earning money..

The domestic competition is too fierce, and more people choose to swing the rudder.Sail the ship overseas.As a novice, when I first came into contact with the world of flowers and flowers abroad, did I have the feeling of going into the misty forest and longing for the guidance of the gods?

Today, this dry goods is dedicated to the bosses who entered the cross-border e-commerce. I hope all the bosses.Take fewer detours, jump less pits, and win a good start in one fell swoop.!

Selection method

Domestic selection

Havedirectionality, usually for customersRefined operational stratificationAccurate selection of products through activities.

Cross-border selection

Biased considerationSmall size, light weight, simple function and few after-sales problems.Products.

Before 2016, cross-border e-commerce products were basically from a domestic treasure or a Baba platform.

Now it’s even more challenging.Tap new market demand, control product quality and brand positioningAnd other factors, throughDeep positioning customer baseTo match related products.

one

Selection dimension

What do customers need?

Used in that scene

What is the purchasing power of the crowd?

Can the product bring high repurchase?

2

Product selection channel

You can go through seven channels, such asThird-party platform, social media, independent station, domestic channel, IP channel, SPY tool selection, American crowdfunding networkWait, finding good goods is the process of finding wealth ~

Stocking mode

Domestic e-commerce

Usually.Self-built factoryorLink factory channel, domestic warehouse stock delivery.

cross-border electricity commerce

There are many ways to stock up, and whether to stock up mainly depends on the operation mode, mainly includingDrop-shipping, mass distribution, boutique shopsThree kinds.

one

Drop-shipping mode

Also known as "one generation", merchants will haveStable supply chainchannelAnd the supplier helps it to ship overseas, without stocking, justAlways master the supply and inventory..

2

Spread goods in large quantities

That is, in the 1688 large-scale supply chain platform to find suitable products to place orders and be delivered by merchants.

three

Boutique shop

Large merchants usually build their own domestic warehouses or overseas warehouses, which need to be carried out because the products are branded or customized.Stock up in large quantities, the stocking volume is the average monthly sales.1.5 times.

The way they operate

Domestic e-commerce

bothThe underlying operational logic is different..

Domestic e-commerce focuses onStore operationMarketing promotion and brushing account for a large proportion.

The most remarkable feature is the marketing sense of "if you don’t buy, you will miss a hundred million" on its page.

cross-border electricity commerce

Focus on cross-border e-commerceBrand operationPay more attention to product quality and user experience (of course, it is also brushed abroad, but it is not so crazy).

Foreign e-commerce pages are mostly minimalist with pure white background.

Cross-border e-commerce is divided into third-party platforms and independent stations, and their operating skills and methods are quite different.

one

Third-party platform operation

Its operational core will change according to platform algorithm ranking, traffic, customer experience and performance management.

Platform algorithm determines the ranking of products.The ranking of products that meet the requirements of the algorithm will rise.

At the same time,The higher the ranking, the greater the product flow., generallyThe better the transformation effect is.This is consistent with the logic of domestic e-commerce, and the acquisition of platform public domain traffic is becoming more and more expensive.

2

Independent station operation

In addition to selecting products for independent station operation,Drainage is very important.

Generally speaking, a "mom-and-pop shop" needs itself.Master the core drainage skills of Facebook and Google.But now SaaS products are becoming more and more intelligent, and product selection and drainage can be solved through products.

mode of payment

Domestic e-commerce

The development of domestic e-commerce is very mature. Both Alipay and WeChat can be bound to credit card payment, and the process is relatively simple.

cross-border electricity commerce

Cross-border e-commerce payment involves cross-border capital flow. Whether it is PayPal, World First, Ocean payment, 2checkout, Stripe and other payment operators, the process needs to be divided intoreceive and payandsettle a foreign exchange accountTwo steps.

Third party platformandIndependent stationThe collection methods are also different.

one

Third party platform

The collection method is relatively simple, justFor payment operators with compliance operation licenses(such as PayPal, WF, Payoneer, Lianlian, Pingpong, etc.)As a collection and settlement tool and withdraw it to the company’s corporate account.Just do it.

2

Independent station

The payment method is similar to the above, but the independent station is built by the seller himself, so the collection will beConsider the mainstream payment methods of store customers.To set up.

Generally speaking, North American customers often use PayPal, while European customers are more accustomed to using credit cards, so you can set up foreign card acquiring tools such as Stripe, 2checkout, Ocean payment, Asiabill, etc.

Logistics mode

Domestic logistics

Domestic e-commerce logistics is in an oligopoly state, basicallyShunfeng+santong Yida.

Cross-border logistics

Cross-border e-commerce logistics is divided intoTouchengandTail course, methods and logistics partners have a wider choice, and according to the different national sites, they haveterritoriality.

Cross-border logistics types are mainly divided into:Self-delivery, overseas warehouse, third-party platform warehouse (such as Amazon FBA distribution).

Either way, it mainly depends on three factors: timeliness, cost and comprehensive customer experience.

one

Self-delivery

Most of them are concentrated as followsSmall package delivery, most of the channels used are China postal system or special line packets in a certain area.

2

Overseas warehouse

Mainly throughForecast the sales volume of the target marketandPrepare products to overseas warehouses in advance.(warehouses are generally provided by cooperative logistics providers), and can be provided after the store issues the order.Deliver goods from overseas warehouse to customer address., improve the timeliness.

three

Third-party platform warehouse

Prepare the products in advance toThird-party platform warehouseAfter the store issues the order,The third-party platform undertakes parcel delivery..

Collection cycle

Domestic e-commerce

Such as a treasure, the general account period is from the customer’s signing date.T+7God.

cross-border electricity commerce

Whether it is a platform or an independent station, the payment cycle is much longer than that in China.

one

Payment cycle of third-party platform

For example, Amazon’s delivery+payment time is generally30-45 daysSpecial circumstances will even be extended to60 daysIn the process, it may also involve customer complaints, returns and other issues.

2

Independent station payment cycle

It involves logistics delivery, arrival confirmation, risk control evaluation of collection platform accounts and cash withdrawal cycle. Therefore, the payment time cannot be generalized.

If it is a new PayPal account registered by a new seller, the risk control lending time may be extended, and the general extension time is21 daysAfter thawing, the time for applying for cash withdrawal and receiving the account isT+7 days.

The duration of the credit card payment part is longer, andDepends on the seller’s risk control levelGenerally, when there is no customer complaint or non-payment, the time after lending isT+15 days.

customer service

Domestic e-commerce

Whether it is a platform or a WeChat social e-commerce, the most basic requirements for customer service areConsultation second return.

cross-border electricity commerce

The main responsibility of cross-border e-commerce customer service is to maintain the account, and the questions raised by customers only need to beEmail reply within 24 hoursJust do it.

The difference in operation mode determinesBusiness model after starting a business.

In this part, cross-border e-commerce and domestic e-commerce put forward different requirements for the ability of entrepreneurial teams.

What kind of ability does your team have more? Or do you prefer to build a team with what ability?

(Source: Cross-border old guns)

The above content belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hugo’s cross-border position! This article is reproduced with the authorization of the original author, and it needs the authorization and consent of the original author.

Chinese inventory 2017! How many top ten buzzwords do you know?

  Cctv newsAs an important part of the "Chinese Inventory 2017" activity, the National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center released the "Top Ten Catchwords of 2017" yesterday, among which the "19th National Congress" and "New Era" were on the list.

  The "Top Ten Catchwords in China in 2017" are "19th National Congress, New Era, Sharing, xiong’an new area, BRICS, Artificial Intelligence, Community of Human Destiny, Tianzhou No.1, Roll Up Your Sleeves, Do not forget your initiative mind, Remember Your Mission". The National Language Resources Monitoring Corpus uses language information processing technology, and selects ten words with the highest frequency according to the frequency of words, combined with manual post-processing extraction and screening, which represents the focus of mainstream media in China, language characteristics and change indications.

Professor Yang Erhong of beijing language and culture university

Professor Yang Erhong of beijing language and culture university

  Professor Yang Erhong of beijing language and culture universityAfter the 19th National Congress, the media is constantly combing all kinds of hot words, so it naturally becomes a buzzword in China media in the process of data extraction.

  There are five buzzwords related to the 19th National Congress, which are "19th National Congress", "New Era", "Roll up your sleeves and work hard", "xiong’an new area" and "Do not forget your initiative mind, remember your mission". Experts believe that such words become buzzwords, which not only represent Chinese’s beautiful expectations for the future, but also show everyone’s determination and drive to a new era. The selection of the words "artificial intelligence" and "Tianzhou No.1" reflects people’s great concern for the development of science and technology.

  Professor Yang Erhong of beijing language and culture university"Artificial Intelligence" is probably a familiar word, and it has attracted particularly high attention this year because on July 20th, the State Council released the development plan of a new generation of artificial intelligence. "Tianzhou-1" is also a breakthrough in China’s aerospace technology, and it was also a cheer when the docking was successful.

  [Extended reading]

  Candidate words of the year are released, and online voting has begun.

  "Chinese Inventory 2017" also released 20 candidate words of the year. Different from the buzzwords of the year, the opinions of netizens dominated the selection of candidate words. Let’s take a look at which candidate words were recommended by netizens.

  Among the domestic candidate words, words such as "new era" and "initial heart" that became hot with the convening of the 19 th National Congress were highly recommended by netizens. At the same time, it represents the "enjoyment" and "cloud" of innovation, the "praise" and "artificial intelligence" commonly used in netizens’ communication, and the "four new inventions" and "artificial intelligence" representing the life changes of China people have all been selected.

  Among the international candidate words, "the community of human destiny" is strongly recommended by netizens. The conflict-related words such as "nuclear", "attack" and "North Korean nuclear crisis" are also highly concerned by netizens, and words such as "alpha dog" and "gravitational wave" representing the latest achievements in scientific and technological development are also recommended by netizens.

  At present, the selection of word of the year has entered the stage of online voting. The 2017 domestic word of the year, word of the year and international word of the year and word of the year voted by netizens will be announced on December 21st.

China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission: In 2019, there were 93,719 insurance consumer complaints, accounting for 94.69% of contract disputes.

  China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission recently reported the complaints about insurance consumption in 2019 in official website.

  According to the circular, in 2019, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices received a total of 93,719 complaints about insurance consumption involving insurance companies, up 5.95% year-on-year. Among them, there were 88,745 complaints about insurance contract disputes, up 2.61% year-on-year, accounting for 94.69% of the total complaints; There were 4,974 complaints suspected of violating laws and regulations, up 153.39% year-on-year, accounting for 5.31% of the total complaints.

  The largest number of complaints about contract disputes of property insurance companies are: 9,674 PICC P&C insurance, up 4.25% year-on-year; 6,396 Ping An property insurance, down 6.80% year-on-year; 3728 pieces of Zhongan Online, up 74.61% year-on-year; 2,730 Pacific property insurance, a year-on-year decrease of 9.21%; There were 2,528 property insurance in Dadi, a year-on-year increase of 39.13%.

  The largest number of complaints about contract disputes in life insurance companies are: 8,476 in Ping An Life Insurance Company of China, up 70.03% year-on-year; 4,685 China Life Insurance, a year-on-year decrease of 34.33%; 4,349 pieces of Pacific Life Insurance, up 15.60% year-on-year; 3,017 pieces of Xinhua Life Insurance, down 17.18% year-on-year; There were 2,958 Taikang Life Insurance, down 0.80% year-on-year.

  In 2019, the median number of complaints about 100 million yuan premium of property insurance companies was 5.86 pieces/100 million yuan. Among them, the top 100 million premium complaints are: Yi ‘an Property Insurance 119.51 pieces/100 million yuan; Anxin Property Insurance is 60.61 pieces/100 million yuan; Sunshine Xinbao 55.87 pieces/100 million yuan; Taikang Online 27.72 pieces/100 million yuan; Zhongan Online has 25.59 pieces/100 million yuan.

  In 2019, the median number of complaints about 100 million yuan premium of life insurance companies was 1.41 pieces/100 million yuan. Among them, the top 100 million premium complaints are: harmony and health 22.93 pieces/100 million yuan; Hua Hui Life Insurance 16.45 pieces/100 million yuan; People’s health is 6.46 pieces/100 million yuan; Fosun United Health 6.19 pieces/100 million yuan; Peking University Founder 5.48 pieces/100 million yuan.

  Among the complaints involving property insurance companies, there are 37,392 claims disputes, accounting for 75.14% of the total complaints of property insurance companies. The types of insurance involved are mainly motor vehicle insurance, which mainly reflects the disputes over the amount of compensation and compensation, the slow limitation of claims and the disputes over the determination of responsibility.

  Among the complaints involving life insurance companies, there are 9054 claims disputes, accounting for 20.60% of the total complaints of life insurance companies. The main types of insurance involved are sickness insurance, accidental injury insurance and medical insurance, which mainly reflect the problems of slow time limit for claims, disputed claims amount and complicated claims data. (CCTV reporter Wang Shantao)

Astronomical expert: February 3 rd in beginning of spring is very rare. The last time it happened was 120 years ago.

  Xinhua News Agency, Tianjin, February 2 (Reporter Zhou Runjian) beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar. In many people’s impression, February 4th is usually the right day in beginning of spring, but this year it is February 3rd in beginning of spring. Astronomical experts said that the 3rd beginning of spring is rare, the last time happened in 1897, 120 years ago, and the next time happened in 2021.

  It is understood that 24 solar terms is divided according to the position of the sun on the ecliptic (that is, the earth’s orbit around the sun). Depending on the sun starting from vernal equinox (longitude zero, at this moment the sun shines vertically on the equator), every 15 degrees forward is a solar term; After running for a week, I returned to vernal equinox, which is a tropical year, which is 360 degrees, so it is divided into 24 solar terms.

  Shi Zhicheng, a member of Chinese Astronomical Society and director of Tianjin Astronomical Society, said that the length of a tropical year is 365.2422 days, so the average time period of each solar term in the Gregorian calendar year is about 15.25 days, and its starting date is generally fixed. However, the annual apparent motion of the sun is not uniform, and the length of the calendar year is also different, with 365 days in a normal year and 366 days in a leap year, so the specific time of solar terms will change slightly.

  For the same solar term, every year is 6 hours or 5 hours behind the previous year, and in leap years, it is 24 hours ahead of schedule. In this way, the reflection on the date is that the same solar term remains unchanged or lags behind by one day in the normal year and the previous year; In leap year, it remains the same as the previous year or one day earlier. In this way, the starting point of the same solar term has three different Gregorian calendar dates. Take beginning of spring as an example, there are three situations: 3 February, 4 February and 5 February.

  Shi Zhicheng said that the statistics from 1900 to 2000 showed that there were only February 4th and February 5th in beginning of spring, but there was no February 3rd, while the statistics from this century showed that there were only February 3rd and February 4th, but there was no February 5th in beginning of spring.

  "According to the astronomical almanac, beginning of spring is the most common on the 4th. Although beginning of spring on the 3 rd or 5 th is rare, it is also a normal calendar phenomenon, and the public should face it with a normal heart. " Shi Zhicheng stressed.

The CEO "made a car with his life", and Ji Yue Xia Yiping broadcasted the whole process, Ji Yue 07 drove across the floating bridge.

In the past two months, Xia Yiping has personally tested his own products for many times, and successively conducted a series of "violence tests" on the new car Extreme Yue 07, such as the unlocking test of the frozen electric door at MINUS 18℃, the collision challenge of the damaged car and the extreme rollover test, which showed the powerful safety performance of the automobile robot in the most intuitive way. During this period, Xia Yiping said frankly: "What netizens care about is what I want to test personally, focusing on the truth."

It is precisely because of the full self-confidence in our own products and the ultimate pursuit of user experience that on September 12th, Xia Yiping, CEO of Extreme Yue, launched the challenge of live intelligent driving across the river in Xuzhou, with the protagonist still being Extreme Yue 07, known as the "strongest smart car". You know, it’s only been two days since the official listing of Extreme Yue 07 on September 10, and a new round of challenges has been put on the agenda, with high frequency and great intensity. At the same time, the order of Extreme Yue 07 exceeded 5,000 units in only 48 hours, of which the 880km long battery life version accounted for 75%, and the ASD high-end intelligent driving option rate was as high as 76%.

Speed up the pontoon bridge, and you will be fearless of the "Hell Class" test.

This time, a floating bridge with a total length of 200m, a width of 3.2m and a distance of only 0.5m from the water surface was set up. The bridge is a temporary structure and does not exist on the map. The test was conducted many times during the day and night, during which Xia Yiping, CEO of Extreme Yue, conducted a live broadcast of the whole test. Because it is an unconventional road with no obvious lane lines, and there are three cone-barrel bypass areas on the pontoon bridge, the narrowest part only supports vehicles to barely pass, even if the old driver drives through manually, there are certain risks, so this test is a pure "hell-level" test for the pure visual high-order intelligent driving ability of Extreme Yue 07.

The scene is soul-stirring, but the performance of Extreme Vietnam 07 is inspiring. A total of 5 times, I drove across the bridge, and I successfully challenged the 07 in succession.

Especially in the dim light environment at night, the edge of the pontoon bridge can hardly be seen by human eyes, and Extreme Yue 07 is still very clever even without obvious lane lines. With pure vision and high-order intelligent driving, it has always kept the vehicle in the middle position, and successively slipped through the most difficult cone-barrel bypass area, and arrived safely at the other side with a car full of people at a constant speed.

Xia Yiping said excitedly: "One safety is accidental, and five safety passes are inevitable. We are full of confidence in our intelligent driving, so it is the same to challenge 100 times again."

More reliable than the old human driver, the purer the vision, the more you can drive.

2024 is a breakthrough year for intelligent driving technology. The intelligent driving scheme of "lidar+high-precision map+rule algorithm" with high price, imperfect cloud point information and relatively low reliability is about to become a thing of the past, and the "pure vision+end-to-end big model" with faster iteration speed, higher algorithm upper limit, more information and the most human-like perception mode is gradually becoming the mainstream.

As the only pure visual high-level intelligent driving brand in China/the only one in the world, Extreme Yue is undoubtedly at the forefront of AI intelligent driving and continues to lead the breakthrough of high-level intelligent driving.

Thanks to the homologous technology of Baidu Apollo L4 autopilot, the "pure vision+end-to-end big model" is based on Baidu’s data accumulation for many years, and the trained perceptual end-to-end model has obvious advantages in both rainstorm scenes and ultra-long-distance recognition. The ASD intelligent driving recognition distance of Extreme Yue 07 is up to 250m, even the mineral water bottle within 200m can be accurately recognized, and the perception ability exceeds the mainstream lidar scheme.

In addition, the speed recognition accuracy of ASD intelligent driver for moving obstacles can also be controlled within the error range of 0.1m/s, railings, guardrails and construction obstacle lights on or around the road can be recognized, and obstacles can be avoided by actions such as slowing down, stopping or bypassing, leaving more safe distance, and the degree of slipping around obstacles is as intuitive as that of an old driver.

Thanks to the joint decision of ASD, Extreme Yue 07 can accurately identify the static cone-bucket obstacles on the pontoon bridge, and the detour is smoother, with a calm, safe and steady driving performance throughout.

With the official listing of Extreme Yue 07, consumers can already buy the world’s preferred AI smart car with an investment of over 100 billion yuan at a "real fragrance" price of less than 20w.

In addition to the stunning AI aesthetic design and immersive luxury intelligent cabin, the entry-level version of Extreme Yue 07 comes standard with lane keeping, parking assistance, high-speed elevated navigation assistance and 16 active safety functions, which opens the navigation assistance of high-speed elevated domain to all users free of charge, truly realizing the equal rights of intelligent driving.

The central bank answered questions on the Measures for the Administration of Reports on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions

  CCTV News:According to the website of the People’s Bank of China, recently, the People’s Bank of China issued the Measures for the Administration of Reports on Large Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions (Order No.3 [2016] of the People’s Bank of China, hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which will be implemented on July 1, 2017. A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the People’s Bank of China answered a reporter’s question about the Administrative Measures.

  1. What is the background and main significance of the Administrative Measures?

  The Administrative Measures, in combination with domestic work practice and international standards, revised and integrated the existing two regulations, namely, the Administrative Measures for Reporting Large Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]) and the Administrative Measures for Reporting Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions Suspected of Terrorist Financing (Order No.1 of the People’s Bank of China [2007]).

  Since the implementation of the above two regulations in 2007, in the initial stage of China’s anti-money laundering work, they have played a positive role in guiding financial institutions to effectively fulfill their suspicious transaction reporting obligations. However, with the development and changes of the domestic and international situation and the deepening of anti-money laundering work, problems such as excessive defensive reports and insufficient effective reports have gradually emerged, which have affected the effectiveness of anti-money laundering work. To this end, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Anti-Money Laundering Work of Financial Institutions (Yinfa [2008] No.391) and the Notice on Defining the Relevant Implementation Issues of the Suspicious Transaction Reporting System (Yinfa [2010] No.48) and other normative documents to regulate how financial institutions can effectively fulfill their obligations of reporting suspicious transactions and avoid simply grabbing and submitting transactions that meet the suspicious transaction reporting standards through the system. In 2012, the People’s Bank of China selected 37 corporate financial institutions across the country to carry out comprehensive pilot projects on suspicious transaction reports, requiring the pilot institutions to independently define transaction monitoring standards in light of their own conditions, and submit suspicious transaction reports on the basis of reasonable suspicion in combination with manual analysis. These efforts have laid a solid foundation for the revision of the existing two regulations and the promulgation of the Administrative Measures. At the same time, the current reporting standards for large transactions can no longer fully meet the actual needs of anti-money laundering and combating and curbing related upstream crimes, so it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments to the reporting standards for large transactions.

  In 2014, the People’s Bank of China officially launched the revision of regulations, repeatedly studied and demonstrated, and twice organized nationwide to solicit opinions and suggestions from financial institutions to ensure the scientificity and feasibility of the Administrative Measures. The Administrative Measures clarify the new requirements for financial institutions to effectively fulfill the obligation of reporting suspicious transactions at the regulatory level, which is helpful for financial institutions to improve the effectiveness of reporting suspicious transactions, to prevent and curb criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, to maintain the security and stability of China’s financial system, and to further integrate with international standards.

  2. What are the main considerations for requiring financial institutions to report large-value transactions and suspicious transactions?

  According to the Anti-Money Laundering Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), reporting large transactions and suspicious transactions is one of the three core anti-money laundering obligations that financial institutions should perform, and it also lays a solid data foundation for the People’s Bank of China to carry out monitoring and analysis of anti-money laundering funds transactions according to law. In practice, financial institutions automatically capture and submit large transactions through the system, and discover and submit suspicious transaction reports through customer identification, keeping customer identity data and transaction records, and conducting transaction monitoring and analysis. Based on the reports of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions submitted by financial institutions, the People’s Bank of China conducts active analysis, investigation analysis and international mutual investigation, transfers case clues to law enforcement departments according to law, and works with relevant departments to prevent and curb money laundering and terrorist financing and maintain financial security.

  Three, compared with the current regulations, what are the main changes in the "management measures"?

  The changes in the Administrative Measures mainly include the following four aspects: First, the requirements for reporting suspicious transactions based on "reasonable suspicion" are clarified, and the requirements for establishing and improving transaction monitoring standards, transaction analysis and identification, monitoring of terrorism-related lists, establishment of monitoring systems and record keeping are added, while the reporting standards for suspicious transactions in banking, securities and futures industries and insurance industries that are no longer in line with the development of the situation are deleted from the original regulations. Second, the RMB reporting standard for large cash transactions was adjusted from "200,000 yuan" to "50,000 yuan", and the statistical methods of large transfer transactions of financial institutions and the reporting time limit of suspicious transactions were adjusted. Third, the scope of application of the new regulations and the reporting standards for large-scale cross-border transactions in RMB are added. The reporting standard for large cross-border transactions denominated in RMB is "RMB 200,000". Fourthly, the contents of transaction report elements are adjusted, such as "Payee Matching Number" and "Equipment Code for Off-Counter Transaction" are added, and the elements such as "Report Date", "Filler" and "Name of Financial Institution" are deleted, and a more streamlined General Suspicious Transaction Report Element is designed.

  4. What is the scope of application of the Administrative Measures? When will it take effect?

  The Administrative Measures are applicable to institutions legally established in People’s Republic of China (PRC) that should perform anti-money laundering obligations according to the Anti-Money Laundering Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other laws and regulations, mainly including policy banks, commercial banks, rural cooperative banks, rural credit cooperatives, village banks, securities companies, futures companies, fund management companies, insurance companies, insurance asset management companies, insurance professional agencies and insurance brokerage companies. Trust companies, financial asset management companies, enterprise group finance companies, financial leasing companies, auto finance companies, consumer finance companies, money brokerage companies, loan companies and non-bank payment institutions. Among them, "insurance professional agency company", "insurance brokerage company", "consumer finance company" and "loan company" are the newly added scope of application of the Administrative Measures.

  The Administrative Measures came into effect on July 1, 2017. Considering that it will take some time for financial institutions to revise their systems, build their own trading monitoring standards and transform their systems. Therefore, the "Administrative Measures" gave financial institutions a transition period of half a year after their promulgation and before their implementation.

  V. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for reporting large transactions? Is it necessary to submit a large transaction report for cross-border capital transactions?

  The reporting standards for large-value transactions stipulated in the Administrative Measures are as follows: First, large-value cash transactions of natural persons and non-natural persons, with domestic and cross-border reporting standards of RMB 50,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 10,000 or more. Second, it is a large transfer transaction in a non-natural person’s bank account. The domestic and cross-border reporting standards are more than RMB 2 million and the foreign currency equivalent is more than USD 200,000. Third, large-sum transfer transactions in natural person’s bank accounts, with domestic reporting standards of RMB 500,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 100,000 or more, and cross-border reporting standards of RMB 200,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 10,000 or more.

  For cross-border capital transactions, financial institutions shall submit large transaction reports. For example, if a natural person remits $10,000 overseas by cash or transfer through a banking institution, the banking institution that handles the business needs to report this transaction as a large transaction. The reporting standard for large-value cross-border transfer transactions of natural person customers "more than RMB 200,000" is a new standard in the Administrative Measures. The main considerations are as follows: First, with the gradual promotion of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect, the cross-border business of domestic residents will be gradually liberalized, and the cross-border RMB business of individual residents will be more frequent. Special RMB reporting standards will be designed to facilitate the regulatory authorities to grasp the cross-border RMB transaction data in time and carry out risk monitoring. Second, according to the existing system, the daily limit of cross-border RMB remittance between Hong Kong residents’ individual accounts with the same name and Taiwan Province residents’ individual accounts is 50,000 yuan, and cross-border RMB business under personal trade of residents is subject to unlimited management. The Notice on Optimizing the Information Submission Process of RMB Cross-border Receipt and Payment Information Management System (Yin Ban Fa [2013] No.188) stipulates that banks can submit individual RMB cross-border receipts and payments with a single amount of less than 200,000 yuan (inclusive), but they need to keep the detailed information one by one. On the whole, the reporting standard of large-scale cross-border transfer transactions of natural person customers in the Administrative Measures is determined as "more than RMB 200,000", which can strengthen the statistical monitoring of cross-border RMB transactions and better prevent risks related to cross-border RMB transactions.

  It should be noted that according to the Administrative Measures, the People’s Bank of China can adjust the reporting standards for large transactions according to the needs of work.

  Six, the "Administrative Measures" will report large cash transactions as "RMB 50,000" and "foreign currency equivalent of 10,000 US dollars". What are the main considerations?

  The Administrative Measures stipulate that financial institutions shall submit large-value transaction reports for cash deposits, cash withdrawals, cash settlement and sale, cash exchange, cash remittance, cash bill payment and other forms of cash receipts and payments with a single or cumulative transaction of more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000) and a foreign currency equivalent of more than US$ 10,000 (including US$ 10,000) on that day. For example, if a natural person purchases US dollar cash with RMB cash through a banking institution, and the single or cumulative transaction on the same day is more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000), the banking institution handling the business needs to report this transaction as a large transaction.

  The "Administrative Measures" will adjust the reporting standard for large cash transactions from the current RMB 200,000 to RMB 50,000. The main considerations are:

  First of all, strengthening cash management is an important part of anti-money laundering work. The international anti-money laundering supervision standards in the cash field are mostly strict. For example, the starting point for reporting large cash transactions in the United States, Canada and Australia is US$ 10,000 (or equivalent foreign currency), and the regulatory authorities can further lower the reporting standards for cash transactions in order to crack down on illegal and criminal activities in specific fields according to legal authorization. Secondly, the popularity, development and innovation of non-cash payment tools facilitate non-cash transactions, and residents’ preference for cash use is gradually changing. Normal payment needs can be met more quickly and safely through non-cash payment tools, which provides favorable conditions for strengthening cash management. Finally, the development of China’s anti-corruption, taxation, balance of payments and other fields also requires strengthening cash management to prevent the risk of using large cash transactions to engage in corruption, tax evasion, evasion of foreign exchange management and other illegal activities.

  7. Does the Administrative Measures require non-bank payment institutions to submit large transaction reports?

  The relevant provisions of the Administrative Measures apply to non-bank payment institutions. At present, the People’s Bank of China has more specific requirements on the anti-money laundering obligations that non-bank payment institutions should perform, such as the Administrative Measures on Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing of Payment Institutions (Yinfa [2012] No.54). After the "Administrative Measures" come into effect, the People’s Bank of China will revise and improve the reporting requirements for large transactions and suspicious transactions of non-bank payment institutions in a timely manner according to the actual situation.

  Eight, "management measures" whether there are provisions on large transactions without reporting?

  There are relevant regulations. According to the Administrative Measures, the types of large-value transactions exempted from reporting by financial institutions mainly include fixed-activity mutual transfer transactions under the name of the same customer of the same financial institution, transactions in which one party is the party, government and military organs, inter-bank transactions of financial institutions, taxation handled by banking institutions, correction of wrong accounts, interest payment, etc.

  9. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for suspicious transaction reports?

  The Administrative Measures stipulate that financial institutions shall submit suspicious transaction reports when they find or have reasonable reasons to suspect that customers, customers’ funds or other assets, customers’ transactions or attempted transactions are related to criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, regardless of the amount of funds involved or the value of assets. That is, to report suspicious transactions on the basis of "reasonable suspicion". Specific requirements mainly include:

  First, financial institutions should monitor suspicious transactions throughout all aspects of financial business. Financial institutions should not only take reasonable measures to identify suspicious transaction clues in the process of customer identification, but also find out whether customers, funds or other assets and transactions are related to illegal and criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing through screening, reviewing and analyzing transaction data. For ongoing transactions or transactions that customers try to carry out, financial institutions should also submit suspicious transaction reports if they find or have reasonable reasons to suspect that they are involved in money laundering and terrorist financing.

  Second, financial institutions should also pay attention to whether customers’ funds or assets are related to criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing. Assets include but are not limited to bank deposits, remittances, traveler’s checks, postal orders, insurance policies, bills of lading, warehouse receipts, stocks, bonds, bills of exchange and letters of credit, houses, vehicles, ships, goods, and other legal documents and certificates that prove the ownership and other rights and interests of assets in electronic or digital form.

  Third, financial institutions submit suspicious transaction reports, and there is no requirement for the starting amount of funds or assets. If the amount of fund transactions suspected of terrorist financing activities may be small, financial institutions should still submit suspicious transaction reports according to the Administrative Measures.

  Fourth, financial institutions should submit suspicious transaction reports within the prescribed time. The Administrative Measures stipulate that a financial institution shall "submit a suspicious transaction report in a timely manner within 5 working days at the latest after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to its internal operating procedures for suspicious transaction reporting".

  In order to implement these requirements, financial institutions should, in accordance with the Administrative Measures, formulate suspicious transaction reporting systems and operating procedures, provide sufficient human resources and support for suspicious transaction reporting, establish and improve self-defined transaction monitoring standards, establish a fully functional and well-functioning monitoring system, do a good job in monitoring terrorist lists, strengthen manual analysis and identification of abnormal transactions with early warning by the system, keep relevant work records, and abide by confidentiality requirements.

  X. The Administrative Measures defines the time limit for reporting suspicious transactions as "to submit the suspicious transaction report in a timely manner within 5 working days at the latest after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to the internal operating rules of this institution". What are the main considerations?

  The original Administrative Measures on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transaction Reports of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]) required financial institutions to submit suspicious transaction reports within 10 working days after suspicious transactions occurred. However, under the new mode of reporting suspicious transactions based on "reasonable suspicion" in the Administrative Measures, there may be a big difference between the time when suspicious transactions occur and the time when suspicious transactions are identified and confirmed, which makes the original reporting time limit difficult to operate. The international common practice is to require financial institutions to submit suspicious transaction reports in time after confirming suspicious transactions. Therefore, the "Administrative Measures" defines the time limit for suspicious transaction reporting as "to submit the suspicious transaction report in time, no later than 5 working days, after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to the internal operating rules of the institution for suspicious transaction reporting".

  It should be noted that "five working days" does not mean that financial institutions must complete all links from abnormal transaction warning to manual analysis and judgment within five working days, and submit suspicious transaction reports to China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center, but that financial institutions should submit suspicious transaction reports within five working days after being confirmed as suspicious transactions through internal early warning and analysis.

  XI. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for financial institutions to monitor terrorism-related lists?

  According to the Administrative Measures, financial institutions should follow the following requirements when monitoring the terrorism-related list: First, financial institutions should ensure the completeness and accuracy of the terrorism-related list and update it in time. Second, the scope of monitoring the terrorism-related list of financial institutions should cover all customers and their counterparties, funds or other assets. Third, financial institutions should conduct real-time monitoring of the terrorism-related list. Fourth, financial institutions should immediately conduct retrospective investigations on all their customers or their counterparties after the adjustment of the terrorism-related list. Fifth, if financial institutions have reasonable reasons to suspect that customers or their counterparties, funds or other assets are related to the terrorism-related list, they should immediately report them as key suspicious transactions and take freezing measures in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Assets Freezing Related to Terrorist Activities (Order No.1 of the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Bank of China [2014]).

  It should be noted that financial institutions are obligated to perform the monitoring of terrorism-related lists, and they have the responsibility to actively obtain and master the list of terrorist organizations and terrorist personnel released and updated by the competent departments of the state. In order to facilitate financial institutions to grasp relevant information in a timely manner, the People’s Bank of China publishes the list of terrorism-related information under the anti-money laundering column of the official website, and the relevant supervision and management departments will also forward the list that needs to be implemented and concerned to the regulated institutions.

  Twelve, the "Management Measures" require financial institutions to be equipped with full-time personnel to be responsible for reporting large transactions and suspicious transactions. What are the main considerations?

  In practice, whether financial institutions conduct timely and effective analysis and treatment of abnormal transactions with early warning system, or pay close attention to the adjustment of terrorism-related lists at home and abroad at any time, and conduct retrospective investigation in time, they all put forward higher requirements for the professionalism and sufficient number of institutional personnel. Therefore, the board of directors and senior management of financial institutions should attach great importance to the reporting of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, and allocate enough full-time personnel to take charge of related work. By optimizing the workflow of reporting large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, they should do basic work such as customer identification, identity data and transaction record preservation, improve the setting of transaction monitoring indicators and related system functions and other supporting measures to ensure that full-time personnel can effectively carry out monitoring and analysis work.

  Thirteen, in recent years, what measures has the People’s Bank of China taken to improve the suspicious transaction reporting system?

  Since the promulgation of the Administrative Measures on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transaction Reports of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]), the People’s Bank of China has been actively taking measures to improve the suspicious transaction reporting system and promote the effective implementation of the suspicious transaction reporting system. For example, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued a series of normative documents, such as the Notice on Further Strengthening the Anti-Money Laundering Work of Financial Institutions (Yinfa [2008] No.391) and the Notice on Defining the Implementation Issues of the Suspicious Transaction Reporting System (Yinfa [2010] No.48), to clearly distinguish the different regulatory requirements for abnormal transaction reports from suspicious transaction reports, so as to reduce the defensive reporting behavior of financial institutions. In 2012, the People’s Bank of China launched a comprehensive pilot project of suspicious transaction reporting with independent definition of abnormal transaction monitoring indicators in 37 corporate financial institutions to test the effectiveness and feasibility of the new model of independent definition of monitoring indicators. Since 2013, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued suspicious transaction types and identification points for upstream crimes of money laundering, such as illegal fund-raising, underground money houses, terrorist financing, etc., issued multiple risk warnings, and issued a notice to strengthen the monitoring of terrorism-related lists and fugitives lists, guiding financial institutions to do a good job in monitoring and analyzing suspicious transactions and monitoring lists. At the same time, through law enforcement inspection, supervision visits, classification and rating and other regulatory measures, financial institutions are urged to continuously improve suspicious transaction reporting and improve the quality of suspicious transaction reporting.

  XIV. What progress has financial institutions made in suspicious transaction reporting in recent years?

  Financial institutions have been strengthening and improving the monitoring and analysis of suspicious transactions and list monitoring in accordance with the requirements of the People’s Bank of China, and the effectiveness of suspicious transaction reporting has been continuously improved. At present, financial institutions have generally strengthened the manual analysis and identification of abnormal transactions. Financial institutions have participated in the comprehensive pilot work of suspicious transaction reports with independent definition of abnormal transaction monitoring standards as the core, and implemented the requirements of suspicious transaction types, identification points, risk warnings and list monitoring issued by the People’s Bank of China. The ability of financial institutions to define abnormal transaction monitoring standards has been verified and strengthened, and the professionalism and intelligence of monitoring and analysis have been continuously improved. While the overall number of suspicious transaction reports has dropped significantly, the quality of reports has improved significantly, and the number of clues transformed into cases has increased significantly, which has provided strong support for the country to prevent and combat money laundering and related crimes.

  15. What will the People’s Bank of China do to guide financial institutions to effectively implement the relevant requirements of the Administrative Measures?

  In order to guide financial institutions to effectively implement the Administrative Measures, the People’s Bank of China will fully listen to the opinions and suggestions of financial institutions, issue supporting normative documents as soon as possible, clarify specific work requirements such as suspicious transaction continuation report and suspicious transaction analysis report process, and issue relevant guidelines for financial institutions to formulate transaction monitoring standards in combination with industry best practices, guide financial institutions to establish and improve transaction monitoring standards and improve transaction monitoring systems, and strengthen guidance and training for small and medium-sized financial institutions. At the same time, the People’s Bank of China will issue specific reporting formats and reporting requirements for reporting elements of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, and guide financial institutions to do a good job in the development of transaction reporting data interfaces and related systems. The People’s Bank of China is also stepping up the construction of the second-generation anti-money laundering monitoring and analysis system to provide more powerful system support for the monitoring and analysis of large and suspicious transaction reports.