CCTV News:According to the website of the People’s Bank of China, recently, the People’s Bank of China issued the Measures for the Administration of Reports on Large Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions (Order No.3 [2016] of the People’s Bank of China, hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which will be implemented on July 1, 2017. A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the People’s Bank of China answered a reporter’s question about the Administrative Measures.

　　1. What is the background and main significance of the Administrative Measures?

　　The Administrative Measures, in combination with domestic work practice and international standards, revised and integrated the existing two regulations, namely, the Administrative Measures for Reporting Large Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]) and the Administrative Measures for Reporting Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions Suspected of Terrorist Financing (Order No.1 of the People’s Bank of China [2007]).

　　Since the implementation of the above two regulations in 2007, in the initial stage of China’s anti-money laundering work, they have played a positive role in guiding financial institutions to effectively fulfill their suspicious transaction reporting obligations. However, with the development and changes of the domestic and international situation and the deepening of anti-money laundering work, problems such as excessive defensive reports and insufficient effective reports have gradually emerged, which have affected the effectiveness of anti-money laundering work. To this end, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Anti-Money Laundering Work of Financial Institutions (Yinfa [2008] No.391) and the Notice on Defining the Relevant Implementation Issues of the Suspicious Transaction Reporting System (Yinfa [2010] No.48) and other normative documents to regulate how financial institutions can effectively fulfill their obligations of reporting suspicious transactions and avoid simply grabbing and submitting transactions that meet the suspicious transaction reporting standards through the system. In 2012, the People’s Bank of China selected 37 corporate financial institutions across the country to carry out comprehensive pilot projects on suspicious transaction reports, requiring the pilot institutions to independently define transaction monitoring standards in light of their own conditions, and submit suspicious transaction reports on the basis of reasonable suspicion in combination with manual analysis. These efforts have laid a solid foundation for the revision of the existing two regulations and the promulgation of the Administrative Measures. At the same time, the current reporting standards for large transactions can no longer fully meet the actual needs of anti-money laundering and combating and curbing related upstream crimes, so it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments to the reporting standards for large transactions.

　　In 2014, the People’s Bank of China officially launched the revision of regulations, repeatedly studied and demonstrated, and twice organized nationwide to solicit opinions and suggestions from financial institutions to ensure the scientificity and feasibility of the Administrative Measures. The Administrative Measures clarify the new requirements for financial institutions to effectively fulfill the obligation of reporting suspicious transactions at the regulatory level, which is helpful for financial institutions to improve the effectiveness of reporting suspicious transactions, to prevent and curb criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, to maintain the security and stability of China’s financial system, and to further integrate with international standards.

　　2. What are the main considerations for requiring financial institutions to report large-value transactions and suspicious transactions?

　　According to the Anti-Money Laundering Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), reporting large transactions and suspicious transactions is one of the three core anti-money laundering obligations that financial institutions should perform, and it also lays a solid data foundation for the People’s Bank of China to carry out monitoring and analysis of anti-money laundering funds transactions according to law. In practice, financial institutions automatically capture and submit large transactions through the system, and discover and submit suspicious transaction reports through customer identification, keeping customer identity data and transaction records, and conducting transaction monitoring and analysis. Based on the reports of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions submitted by financial institutions, the People’s Bank of China conducts active analysis, investigation analysis and international mutual investigation, transfers case clues to law enforcement departments according to law, and works with relevant departments to prevent and curb money laundering and terrorist financing and maintain financial security.

　　Three, compared with the current regulations, what are the main changes in the "management measures"?

　　The changes in the Administrative Measures mainly include the following four aspects: First, the requirements for reporting suspicious transactions based on "reasonable suspicion" are clarified, and the requirements for establishing and improving transaction monitoring standards, transaction analysis and identification, monitoring of terrorism-related lists, establishment of monitoring systems and record keeping are added, while the reporting standards for suspicious transactions in banking, securities and futures industries and insurance industries that are no longer in line with the development of the situation are deleted from the original regulations. Second, the RMB reporting standard for large cash transactions was adjusted from "200,000 yuan" to "50,000 yuan", and the statistical methods of large transfer transactions of financial institutions and the reporting time limit of suspicious transactions were adjusted. Third, the scope of application of the new regulations and the reporting standards for large-scale cross-border transactions in RMB are added. The reporting standard for large cross-border transactions denominated in RMB is "RMB 200,000". Fourthly, the contents of transaction report elements are adjusted, such as "Payee Matching Number" and "Equipment Code for Off-Counter Transaction" are added, and the elements such as "Report Date", "Filler" and "Name of Financial Institution" are deleted, and a more streamlined General Suspicious Transaction Report Element is designed.

　　4. What is the scope of application of the Administrative Measures? When will it take effect?

　　The Administrative Measures are applicable to institutions legally established in People’s Republic of China (PRC) that should perform anti-money laundering obligations according to the Anti-Money Laundering Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other laws and regulations, mainly including policy banks, commercial banks, rural cooperative banks, rural credit cooperatives, village banks, securities companies, futures companies, fund management companies, insurance companies, insurance asset management companies, insurance professional agencies and insurance brokerage companies. Trust companies, financial asset management companies, enterprise group finance companies, financial leasing companies, auto finance companies, consumer finance companies, money brokerage companies, loan companies and non-bank payment institutions. Among them, "insurance professional agency company", "insurance brokerage company", "consumer finance company" and "loan company" are the newly added scope of application of the Administrative Measures.

　　The Administrative Measures came into effect on July 1, 2017. Considering that it will take some time for financial institutions to revise their systems, build their own trading monitoring standards and transform their systems. Therefore, the "Administrative Measures" gave financial institutions a transition period of half a year after their promulgation and before their implementation.

　　V. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for reporting large transactions? Is it necessary to submit a large transaction report for cross-border capital transactions?

　　The reporting standards for large-value transactions stipulated in the Administrative Measures are as follows: First, large-value cash transactions of natural persons and non-natural persons, with domestic and cross-border reporting standards of RMB 50,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 10,000 or more. Second, it is a large transfer transaction in a non-natural person’s bank account. The domestic and cross-border reporting standards are more than RMB 2 million and the foreign currency equivalent is more than USD 200,000. Third, large-sum transfer transactions in natural person’s bank accounts, with domestic reporting standards of RMB 500,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 100,000 or more, and cross-border reporting standards of RMB 200,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 10,000 or more.

　　For cross-border capital transactions, financial institutions shall submit large transaction reports. For example, if a natural person remits $10,000 overseas by cash or transfer through a banking institution, the banking institution that handles the business needs to report this transaction as a large transaction. The reporting standard for large-value cross-border transfer transactions of natural person customers "more than RMB 200,000" is a new standard in the Administrative Measures. The main considerations are as follows: First, with the gradual promotion of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect, the cross-border business of domestic residents will be gradually liberalized, and the cross-border RMB business of individual residents will be more frequent. Special RMB reporting standards will be designed to facilitate the regulatory authorities to grasp the cross-border RMB transaction data in time and carry out risk monitoring. Second, according to the existing system, the daily limit of cross-border RMB remittance between Hong Kong residents’ individual accounts with the same name and Taiwan Province residents’ individual accounts is 50,000 yuan, and cross-border RMB business under personal trade of residents is subject to unlimited management. The Notice on Optimizing the Information Submission Process of RMB Cross-border Receipt and Payment Information Management System (Yin Ban Fa [2013] No.188) stipulates that banks can submit individual RMB cross-border receipts and payments with a single amount of less than 200,000 yuan (inclusive), but they need to keep the detailed information one by one. On the whole, the reporting standard of large-scale cross-border transfer transactions of natural person customers in the Administrative Measures is determined as "more than RMB 200,000", which can strengthen the statistical monitoring of cross-border RMB transactions and better prevent risks related to cross-border RMB transactions.

　　It should be noted that according to the Administrative Measures, the People’s Bank of China can adjust the reporting standards for large transactions according to the needs of work.

　　Six, the "Administrative Measures" will report large cash transactions as "RMB 50,000" and "foreign currency equivalent of 10,000 US dollars". What are the main considerations?

　　The Administrative Measures stipulate that financial institutions shall submit large-value transaction reports for cash deposits, cash withdrawals, cash settlement and sale, cash exchange, cash remittance, cash bill payment and other forms of cash receipts and payments with a single or cumulative transaction of more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000) and a foreign currency equivalent of more than US$ 10,000 (including US$ 10,000) on that day. For example, if a natural person purchases US dollar cash with RMB cash through a banking institution, and the single or cumulative transaction on the same day is more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000), the banking institution handling the business needs to report this transaction as a large transaction.

　　The "Administrative Measures" will adjust the reporting standard for large cash transactions from the current RMB 200,000 to RMB 50,000. The main considerations are:

　　First of all, strengthening cash management is an important part of anti-money laundering work. The international anti-money laundering supervision standards in the cash field are mostly strict. For example, the starting point for reporting large cash transactions in the United States, Canada and Australia is US$ 10,000 (or equivalent foreign currency), and the regulatory authorities can further lower the reporting standards for cash transactions in order to crack down on illegal and criminal activities in specific fields according to legal authorization. Secondly, the popularity, development and innovation of non-cash payment tools facilitate non-cash transactions, and residents’ preference for cash use is gradually changing. Normal payment needs can be met more quickly and safely through non-cash payment tools, which provides favorable conditions for strengthening cash management. Finally, the development of China’s anti-corruption, taxation, balance of payments and other fields also requires strengthening cash management to prevent the risk of using large cash transactions to engage in corruption, tax evasion, evasion of foreign exchange management and other illegal activities.

　　7. Does the Administrative Measures require non-bank payment institutions to submit large transaction reports?

　　The relevant provisions of the Administrative Measures apply to non-bank payment institutions. At present, the People’s Bank of China has more specific requirements on the anti-money laundering obligations that non-bank payment institutions should perform, such as the Administrative Measures on Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing of Payment Institutions (Yinfa [2012] No.54). After the "Administrative Measures" come into effect, the People’s Bank of China will revise and improve the reporting requirements for large transactions and suspicious transactions of non-bank payment institutions in a timely manner according to the actual situation.

　　Eight, "management measures" whether there are provisions on large transactions without reporting?

　　There are relevant regulations. According to the Administrative Measures, the types of large-value transactions exempted from reporting by financial institutions mainly include fixed-activity mutual transfer transactions under the name of the same customer of the same financial institution, transactions in which one party is the party, government and military organs, inter-bank transactions of financial institutions, taxation handled by banking institutions, correction of wrong accounts, interest payment, etc.

　　9. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for suspicious transaction reports?

　　The Administrative Measures stipulate that financial institutions shall submit suspicious transaction reports when they find or have reasonable reasons to suspect that customers, customers’ funds or other assets, customers’ transactions or attempted transactions are related to criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, regardless of the amount of funds involved or the value of assets. That is, to report suspicious transactions on the basis of "reasonable suspicion". Specific requirements mainly include:

　　First, financial institutions should monitor suspicious transactions throughout all aspects of financial business. Financial institutions should not only take reasonable measures to identify suspicious transaction clues in the process of customer identification, but also find out whether customers, funds or other assets and transactions are related to illegal and criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing through screening, reviewing and analyzing transaction data. For ongoing transactions or transactions that customers try to carry out, financial institutions should also submit suspicious transaction reports if they find or have reasonable reasons to suspect that they are involved in money laundering and terrorist financing.

　　Second, financial institutions should also pay attention to whether customers’ funds or assets are related to criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing. Assets include but are not limited to bank deposits, remittances, traveler’s checks, postal orders, insurance policies, bills of lading, warehouse receipts, stocks, bonds, bills of exchange and letters of credit, houses, vehicles, ships, goods, and other legal documents and certificates that prove the ownership and other rights and interests of assets in electronic or digital form.

　　Third, financial institutions submit suspicious transaction reports, and there is no requirement for the starting amount of funds or assets. If the amount of fund transactions suspected of terrorist financing activities may be small, financial institutions should still submit suspicious transaction reports according to the Administrative Measures.

　　Fourth, financial institutions should submit suspicious transaction reports within the prescribed time. The Administrative Measures stipulate that a financial institution shall "submit a suspicious transaction report in a timely manner within 5 working days at the latest after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to its internal operating procedures for suspicious transaction reporting".

　　In order to implement these requirements, financial institutions should, in accordance with the Administrative Measures, formulate suspicious transaction reporting systems and operating procedures, provide sufficient human resources and support for suspicious transaction reporting, establish and improve self-defined transaction monitoring standards, establish a fully functional and well-functioning monitoring system, do a good job in monitoring terrorist lists, strengthen manual analysis and identification of abnormal transactions with early warning by the system, keep relevant work records, and abide by confidentiality requirements.

　　X. The Administrative Measures defines the time limit for reporting suspicious transactions as "to submit the suspicious transaction report in a timely manner within 5 working days at the latest after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to the internal operating rules of this institution". What are the main considerations?

　　The original Administrative Measures on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transaction Reports of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]) required financial institutions to submit suspicious transaction reports within 10 working days after suspicious transactions occurred. However, under the new mode of reporting suspicious transactions based on "reasonable suspicion" in the Administrative Measures, there may be a big difference between the time when suspicious transactions occur and the time when suspicious transactions are identified and confirmed, which makes the original reporting time limit difficult to operate. The international common practice is to require financial institutions to submit suspicious transaction reports in time after confirming suspicious transactions. Therefore, the "Administrative Measures" defines the time limit for suspicious transaction reporting as "to submit the suspicious transaction report in time, no later than 5 working days, after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to the internal operating rules of the institution for suspicious transaction reporting".

　　It should be noted that "five working days" does not mean that financial institutions must complete all links from abnormal transaction warning to manual analysis and judgment within five working days, and submit suspicious transaction reports to China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center, but that financial institutions should submit suspicious transaction reports within five working days after being confirmed as suspicious transactions through internal early warning and analysis.

　　XI. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for financial institutions to monitor terrorism-related lists?

　　According to the Administrative Measures, financial institutions should follow the following requirements when monitoring the terrorism-related list: First, financial institutions should ensure the completeness and accuracy of the terrorism-related list and update it in time. Second, the scope of monitoring the terrorism-related list of financial institutions should cover all customers and their counterparties, funds or other assets. Third, financial institutions should conduct real-time monitoring of the terrorism-related list. Fourth, financial institutions should immediately conduct retrospective investigations on all their customers or their counterparties after the adjustment of the terrorism-related list. Fifth, if financial institutions have reasonable reasons to suspect that customers or their counterparties, funds or other assets are related to the terrorism-related list, they should immediately report them as key suspicious transactions and take freezing measures in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Assets Freezing Related to Terrorist Activities (Order No.1 of the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Bank of China [2014]).

　　It should be noted that financial institutions are obligated to perform the monitoring of terrorism-related lists, and they have the responsibility to actively obtain and master the list of terrorist organizations and terrorist personnel released and updated by the competent departments of the state. In order to facilitate financial institutions to grasp relevant information in a timely manner, the People’s Bank of China publishes the list of terrorism-related information under the anti-money laundering column of the official website, and the relevant supervision and management departments will also forward the list that needs to be implemented and concerned to the regulated institutions.

　　Twelve, the "Management Measures" require financial institutions to be equipped with full-time personnel to be responsible for reporting large transactions and suspicious transactions. What are the main considerations?

　　In practice, whether financial institutions conduct timely and effective analysis and treatment of abnormal transactions with early warning system, or pay close attention to the adjustment of terrorism-related lists at home and abroad at any time, and conduct retrospective investigation in time, they all put forward higher requirements for the professionalism and sufficient number of institutional personnel. Therefore, the board of directors and senior management of financial institutions should attach great importance to the reporting of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, and allocate enough full-time personnel to take charge of related work. By optimizing the workflow of reporting large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, they should do basic work such as customer identification, identity data and transaction record preservation, improve the setting of transaction monitoring indicators and related system functions and other supporting measures to ensure that full-time personnel can effectively carry out monitoring and analysis work.

　　Thirteen, in recent years, what measures has the People’s Bank of China taken to improve the suspicious transaction reporting system?

　　Since the promulgation of the Administrative Measures on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transaction Reports of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]), the People’s Bank of China has been actively taking measures to improve the suspicious transaction reporting system and promote the effective implementation of the suspicious transaction reporting system. For example, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued a series of normative documents, such as the Notice on Further Strengthening the Anti-Money Laundering Work of Financial Institutions (Yinfa [2008] No.391) and the Notice on Defining the Implementation Issues of the Suspicious Transaction Reporting System (Yinfa [2010] No.48), to clearly distinguish the different regulatory requirements for abnormal transaction reports from suspicious transaction reports, so as to reduce the defensive reporting behavior of financial institutions. In 2012, the People’s Bank of China launched a comprehensive pilot project of suspicious transaction reporting with independent definition of abnormal transaction monitoring indicators in 37 corporate financial institutions to test the effectiveness and feasibility of the new model of independent definition of monitoring indicators. Since 2013, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued suspicious transaction types and identification points for upstream crimes of money laundering, such as illegal fund-raising, underground money houses, terrorist financing, etc., issued multiple risk warnings, and issued a notice to strengthen the monitoring of terrorism-related lists and fugitives lists, guiding financial institutions to do a good job in monitoring and analyzing suspicious transactions and monitoring lists. At the same time, through law enforcement inspection, supervision visits, classification and rating and other regulatory measures, financial institutions are urged to continuously improve suspicious transaction reporting and improve the quality of suspicious transaction reporting.

　　XIV. What progress has financial institutions made in suspicious transaction reporting in recent years?

　　Financial institutions have been strengthening and improving the monitoring and analysis of suspicious transactions and list monitoring in accordance with the requirements of the People’s Bank of China, and the effectiveness of suspicious transaction reporting has been continuously improved. At present, financial institutions have generally strengthened the manual analysis and identification of abnormal transactions. Financial institutions have participated in the comprehensive pilot work of suspicious transaction reports with independent definition of abnormal transaction monitoring standards as the core, and implemented the requirements of suspicious transaction types, identification points, risk warnings and list monitoring issued by the People’s Bank of China. The ability of financial institutions to define abnormal transaction monitoring standards has been verified and strengthened, and the professionalism and intelligence of monitoring and analysis have been continuously improved. While the overall number of suspicious transaction reports has dropped significantly, the quality of reports has improved significantly, and the number of clues transformed into cases has increased significantly, which has provided strong support for the country to prevent and combat money laundering and related crimes.

　　15. What will the People’s Bank of China do to guide financial institutions to effectively implement the relevant requirements of the Administrative Measures?

　　In order to guide financial institutions to effectively implement the Administrative Measures, the People’s Bank of China will fully listen to the opinions and suggestions of financial institutions, issue supporting normative documents as soon as possible, clarify specific work requirements such as suspicious transaction continuation report and suspicious transaction analysis report process, and issue relevant guidelines for financial institutions to formulate transaction monitoring standards in combination with industry best practices, guide financial institutions to establish and improve transaction monitoring standards and improve transaction monitoring systems, and strengthen guidance and training for small and medium-sized financial institutions. At the same time, the People’s Bank of China will issue specific reporting formats and reporting requirements for reporting elements of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, and guide financial institutions to do a good job in the development of transaction reporting data interfaces and related systems. The People’s Bank of China is also stepping up the construction of the second-generation anti-money laundering monitoring and analysis system to provide more powerful system support for the monitoring and analysis of large and suspicious transaction reports.

1The appearance has not changed much.

On March 11, 2024, Beijing time, the mid-term facelift Porsche Taycan was officially unveiled at the Porsche Experience Center in Shanghai. This is not just a domestic debut, but a globally synchronized launch event. We will take you today to see what is the difference between this car and the old model. Let’s start with the conclusion: in fact, the appearance has not changed much, the main change is internal!

There are seven models in this debut. I thought the price would be announced, but in fact it wasn’t. The specific price will be announced at the Beijing Auto Show. If you ask me how it is different from the old model? To be honest, it may not be obvious for a while, but the picture below may show more clearly what the difference is.

The model that came to the premiere today is a European-sized Turbo S model, which may be different from the models officially sold in China. The mid-term facelifted Porsche Taycan is still familiar to us, mainly upgraded in details, most obviously in the front part.

The front surround of the Turbo S series is a little different from the previous one, which is also the exclusive shape design of the Turbo family. Do you like it? Personally, I think it is sharper and the aerodynamics are better.

The headlight group is a newly designed lamp group using HD Matrix (high definition matrix) technology. The interior has a pixel array of more than 32,000 LED light sources. The lighting area and lighting brightness can be selected according to real-time road conditions. For example, when facing a passing car at night, the headlights can turn off some LED pixels to prevent direct exposure to the driver’s eyes. This technology can significantly improve the safety of night driving. The range of the high beam can exceed 600 meters. In addition, the air inlet shape of the front face of the new car has also been adjusted, and the aerodynamic effect is even better.

The other parts didn’t change much. Open the front trunk cover, and there is still an 81L storage space below. Not big, but enough!

The side lines of the car have not changed, and it is still a familiar formula. However, the wheel shape of the Turbonite color scheme makes people feel like a modified wheel, which is very beautiful and sexy. The official said that the new wheel has increased the battery life by up to 40 kilometers (under WLTP conditions). In addition, the brake system configuration of the Turbo family has also been upgraded, and it comes standard with PSCB or PCCB.

The charging port on the side of the car leaks the fact that it is a European car. So the real model you see today may be a little different from the official model.

The rear of the car has not changed much, and the shape of the surrounding sides has also changed. This shape also inherits the consistent characteristics of Porsche cars. Although it is a popular through-taillight design today, it is still very family-recognizable.

From the table below, you can see some special configurations of the Turbo model. On the next page, we will enter the car to see what the interior of the new model looks like. It is worth mentioning that the mid-term replacement Porsche Taycan has also made great efforts in lightweight, whether it is the body material or the motor, so the weight of the whole vehicle has been reduced by 15kg.

2 The interior has also changed little, with a focus on the mechanical parts

The interior shape has not changed significantly from before, and it is more reflected in materials, functions, etc. Specifically, the mid-term replacement Taycan will provide a new two-color interior for consumers to choose from. The interior material adds door soft package material for the door. Not only that, but also wireless charging is provided in the car.

The new car has been redesigned for the function display of the in-car instrument. The electronic instrument can display information such as the current charging power of the vehicle and the maximum power supply provided by the infrastructure. In terms of car-machine functions, Apple CarPlay + has been added for the car-machine interconnection. In addition, for the passenger display, a private viewing mode has been added.

In terms of safety configuration, the mid-term replacement Taycan has been upgraded for the assisted driving system, with standard configuration such as reversing image, lane change assistance, traffic congestion assistance, 3D environment simulation display, etc. The other parts have not changed, including the ride space, glass roof, etc. It is still business as usual.

When it comes to air conditioning, the new Taycan has been optimized for the air conditioning system, improving the efficiency of both air conditioning and heating.

针对底盘方面，此次该车最大的升级无疑是拥有与保时捷Panamera相同的底盘悬架系统。从此前的三腔室的空气悬架变成了双阀门减振器的双腔空气悬架，可以实现更快、更灵敏的响应速度以及更高的舒适度。

至于这辆车最大的进化在于平常我们看不到的地方，像是更高的功率，以及升级的电池组。中期改款Taycan整车电池最大充电电流提升了20%，电池重量减少了9kg，总能量密度（高压电池）提升了13%。

此外，新车针对电机也进行了升级，据悉电机重量减少了10kg。动力参数方面，新款Taycan基础版车型最大功率300kW，0-100km/h加速时间4.8s，WLTP工况最高续航678km；新款Taycan Turbo S车型最大功率700kW（超增压模式），0-100km/h加速时间2.4s，WLTP工况最高续航630km。

此次保时捷Taycan也加强在充电方面的体验，官方数据显示，其车辆峰值充电功率可达320kW，仅需18分钟即可从10%快充至80%。配合可靠的热管理系统，在低温环境中的充电时间缩短近一半。另外，保时捷还将提供一些定制化的充电功能，如显示充电站点的开放时间和充电详情等。即使驾驶员不在Taycan车内，凭借My Porsche应用程序也可实现行程规划，如通过App规划充电站点路线并发送至车辆上，并且根据驾驶员实际需求设定出发时间等。

全文总结：

虽然外观改动并不是非常大，但是机械层面的变化可是非常巨大。新款车型有下面四个特色：

● 更高：充电速度增加50kW，最高可达320kW。超过300kW的充电速度可持续长达5分钟，即使在低温下充电性能也不会受到太大影响。

● 较高车速的动能回收最高可达400kW（原为290kW），绝对不浪费一分能源！

● Faster: 0-100km/h can be improved by up to 0.6 seconds. The Taycan Turbo S only takes 2.4 seconds.

Range increased by 35% to a maximum of 678km (WLTP). All Taycan models can charge the battery from 10% to 80% in 18 minutes!

In addition, some configuration information and after-sales information of the Taycan Cross Turisom model were also announced at the launch site, as follows:

This world premiere also lifted the mystery of the Turbo GT model. Compared with the Turbo S, the Turbo GT increased its speed by 25km/h compared to the Turbo S on the Schwedenkreuz section, and the lap speed increased by 26 seconds, which is equivalent to a distance of 1.3km, which means that the taillights can’t even be seen. I don’t know how many Porsche fans will be haunted by this car when it is officially released? How long will it take to pick up the car?

Although the Chinese mainland has not announced the specific price, but the Taiwan region of China has announced the price of the car series, maybe you can calculate the price of the official listing from the price on the other side.

● Turbo GT, Turbo GT Weissach kit models are priced from NT 10.48 million (approximately 2.3961 million RMB).

● The price of the Turbo S model starts at NT $9.25 million (approximately 2.1148 million RMB), which is 810,000 NT $ (approximately 185,100 RMB) higher than the 8.44 million NT $ (1.9297 million RMB) of the 2023 model.

● The price of the Turbo model starts at NT $7.68 million (about 1.7559 million RMB), which is 650,000 NT $ (about 148,600 RMB) higher than the 7.03 million NT $ (1.6073 million RMB) of the 2023 model.

For reference, the price of the 2022 Turbo and Turbo S models in the Chinese mainland market is 1.518 million/1.818 million respectively. It seems that the price increase should be inevitable, obviously, the performance has to pay the price!

The 4th Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum was held.
Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office unveiled.

Hainan Daily, Hong Kong, December 13th (Hainan Daily, all-media reporter   Shao Changchun) The 4th Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum was held in Hong Kong on December 13th. The forum specially set up the theme of "Giving full play to the opening advantages of Hainan Free Trade Port and promoting the innovation and development with China characteristics". On the same day, the Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office was unveiled, and relevant parties signed a memorandum on talent cooperation between Hainan Free Trade Port and Greater Bay Area.

This year’s "Fourth Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum" is based on the theme of "Talent Leading, Innovation Driving, Empowering New Quality Productivity", focusing on consolidating and upgrading Hong Kong’s position as an international financial, shipping and trade center, building a highland for high-end talents in Hong Kong, giving full play to the opening advantages of Hainan Free Trade Port and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s talent cooperation and linkage, and empowering the country’s high-quality development.

In order to further promote the in-depth cooperation between Qionggang and Hong Kong in the field of talents and improve the service level and energy level of talents in the two places, the Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office was officially unveiled at the summit. It is reported that the Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office was jointly established by Hong Kong Talent Group and Hainan Talent Group, and is committed to providing market-oriented and professional services for enterprises and talent exchanges between the two places.

At the meeting, Hainan Talent Group also signed a Memorandum on Talent Cooperation between Hainan Free Trade Port and Greater Bay Area with five associations and societies in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to jointly plan and promote a number of talent cooperation projects between Hainan and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, push Hainan Free Trade Port and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to move in the opposite direction, and help the strategic linkage between the two countries go deeper and deeper.

It is worth mentioning that, in addition to showing Hainan’s situation, development achievements, industrial layout, open and inclusive talent policies and geographical advantages to the guests through the promotion meeting, Hainan Talent Group also brought 44 market entities in our province, with a total of 167 positions, and more than 700 talents needed to recruit talents, of which postdoctoral positions accounted for over 40%. The activity received positive response from relevant institutions and talents in Hong Kong. On the same day, Hainan employers held an intention signing ceremony with representatives of young talents in Hong Kong.

Text |shanghai auto news

The recent recall of Tesla was interpreted by many people as that the relevant departments may be preparing for the release of the FSD (fully automatic driving function) that Tesla is proud of in China.

At present, Tesla has not opened FSD in China. Previously, there have been many rumors that Tesla FSD will be released in China. Chu Ruisong, general manager of Baidu Smart Car Division, believes that FSD will enter the China market this year or next year, and it will be opened on a large scale in 2025. Recently, more "signs" show that FSD will enter the China market this year. A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the Intelligent Manufacturing Promotion Department of the Shanghai Economic and Information Committee introduced that in the next stage, Shanghai will further deepen its cooperation with Tesla and promote the layout of functional sectors such as autonomous driving and robots in Shanghai.

If this catfish, which represents the intelligence of automobiles, is really introduced into the China market, can it produce the catfish effect again?

Before answering this question, it is necessary for us to discuss: Is FSD the benchmark of the autonomous driving industry, or is it simply drawing cakes?

The argument has never stopped, and the real reason lies in "value for money"

The controversy surrounding FSD begins with its name.

Tesla FSD literally means Full Self-Drive, which is actually an upgraded version of the automatic assisted driving function. FSD is not installed on the vehicle to realize fully automatic driving, but it can be realized through wireless software update later. FSD is a fully automatic driving option launched by Tesla. Compared with the Autopilot function of Tesla’s current loading application, the function of FSD is more advanced, and it can realize the functional requirements such as automatic parking, automatic lane change assistance, traffic signal light recognition and automatic response, intelligent call of parking lot, etc., and can realize the "automatic driving" function through software subscription.

With the advent of FSD, American consumers have been questioning it constantly, and relevant departments in the United States have also investigated it many times.

Perhaps it is more convincing to use the exaggeration of Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak in an interview with CNN recently: "If you want artificial intelligence to make mistakes and get a lot of claims, you will try to kill you every chance, then you can buy a Tesla."

Then, since everyone is an assisted driver, apart from the name dispute, why are other models not as controversial as Tesla?

In addition to Tesla’s large number of vehicles and intelligent driving function is its main selling point, to put it bluntly, it is still a question of money. Tesla FSD is available as an option, and the autopilot subscription was released in the United States last year. The business model of Tesla’s automobile business further extends from sales revenue. Through the software charging model, a car can contribute revenue to the company throughout its life cycle, and FSD is the company’s most important payment software.

Do you understand? If you charge a lot of money, you must accept the responsibility of consumers to be more picky.

Is FSD the "ceiling" of domestic autonomous driving?

In the automotive industry, Tesla first applied Transformer to the intelligent driving of production vehicles, one to two years earlier than other companies. Transformer is a neural network model that makes the whole AI industry boil (Transformers). Prior to this, the perceptual algorithm module of assisted driving mainly ran convolutional neural network CNN. In 2022, Tesla launched an Occupancy Network that can detect general obstacles at the new AI Day.

In short, the advantage of Tesla scheme is that it can make judgments and decisions faster without relying on high-precision maps. The core idea of evolution is to be faster and more accurate.

Tesla’s system will hardly be "broken". Many testers’ videos on the network are shot in complex urban road scenes. Some road conditions are as complicated as big cities in China, but it is obvious that Tesla FSD has made progress.

At present, many independent brands have realized the functions of automatic lane change, automatic overtaking and automatic on-off ramp, and the whole driving process is very coherent. The two are different in implementation. Tesla has always advocated the vision radar scheme, while the current mainstream practice of independent brands is to achieve high-order driving assistance through laser radar and high-precision maps. At the same time, these car companies will also cooperate with visual radar and millimeter-wave radar to make up for some scenes that lidar can’t cope with. However, because it relies heavily on high-precision maps, the high-order driving assistance function will not be realized after losing high-precision maps.

In order to get rid of the heavy dependence on maps, companies such as Ideality, Tucki and Huawei have begun to actively develop high-level driver assistance functions with heavy perception. From this point of view, these companies have more or less defaulted to Tesla’s "master" role.

According to the latest news released by BYD, the new head of BYD’s intelligent driving is in place, directly aiming at the high-end high-speed navigation function and "benchmarking" the Tesla FSD experience. The high-speed NOA, the first product after the adjustment of BYD’s intelligent driving system, is said to be mass-produced and listed this year. The most important thing is the core algorithm, which is developed by BYD, not purchased.

FSD, once again as a catfish?

Once upon a time, Tesla, as a new energy vehicle, was introduced into the relatively closed traditional automobile market in China. As a result, with the policy blessing, the deduction of various kinds of capital and the change of consumers’ concept, no one could have imagined that this catfish would make new car-making forces rise one after another, and the penetration rate of the new energy vehicle market increased by leaps and bounds, which even caused great changes in the automobile industry in China and the world.

Nowadays, autonomous driving is facing a dilemma: L4-level autonomous driving is far away, and many enterprises that originally specialized in L4-level autonomous driving began to descend to L2 or L2+.

The reporter believes that if the government wants to find an opportunity to "break the game" in the field of automobile intelligence, re-find the power point and make autonomous driving accepted by ordinary consumers faster, it is a good way to let Tesla FSD "catfish" enter the market as soon as possible.

However, the problem is that it is difficult for Tesla’s FSD to regain the glorious course of Tesla’s first entry into the China market. There are three main reasons: First, when the new energy vehicles represented by Tesla just emerged, the sound of optimism was basically higher than that of pessimism around the world. I remember that in addition to the energy crisis at that time, many people bought Tesla new energy vehicles, which represented a fashion life attitude and a public interest in environmental protection. At present, FSD has been questioned all over the world.

Second, the development of new energy vehicles can be said to be promoted by the full policies of governments in various countries, especially in China, which has great support and the most outstanding achievements. However, at present, due to regulatory difficulties in autonomous driving, governments of various countries have different attitudes, and China may gradually encounter regulatory difficulties with the rapid growth of the number of consumers participating in autonomous driving applications.

Third, in terms of technology, capital and even regulations, can Tesla’s FSD really make people abandon painting cakes?

Painting cakes? Still have enough tolerance for it.

The research and development cycle is long, it is difficult to land, and the return is far away … Autopilot companies and their shareholders have to re-examine the benefits behind them. Especially in the context of economic downturn, limited supply chain and rising raw material prices.

Doug Field, Ford’s chief senior product development and technology officer, said that it is "more difficult than landing on the moon" to achieve autonomous driving in a dense urban environment. Wang Chuanfu, the boss of BYD, said: "Now the so-called’ automatic driving’ is held hostage by capital. I think that at the end of the development of autonomous driving, at most,’ advanced assisted driving’ can be achieved, and that’s all. When you are sleepy and reading short messages, reduce the probability of accidents. There will definitely be accidents and injuries, but the responsibility must always be borne by the owner himself. "

Transformer has rigid requirements on data size. If the data size does not meet the requirements, the performance will be worse than CNN. Therefore, the premise of switching to Transformer is that enough data can be obtained to feed it.

In this regard, Tesla has greater advantages as a car company with a high number of intelligent vehicles, but this is only the beginning. Because it is one thing to collect more and higher quality data, it is another to use them to train a strong enough model. Training a large model of massive parameters in massive data requires a lot of computing power, and only a large cloud computing center can be competent.

In 2022, in order to occupy the network for training, Tesla used 1.44 billion frames of video data, with a data volume of more than 30PB, and its self-developed DOJO supercomputer is still in the development state.

Moreover, at present, almost all chip factories provide smart driving chips on the car side, which are not prepared for Transformer.

It is a fact that even the breakthroughs such as Transformer, BEV and occupied network, which make the industry chase after each other, are still mainly solving the perception problem of intelligent driving vehicles, and there are still difficult decision/regulation links in the complete intelligent driving technology framework.

From the data, computing power, chips to the legal level, we can roughly draw the conclusion that even if it is as strong as Tesla, it is obviously painting a cake if we want to realize the true FSD (full automatic driving L5 level), and what we can do at present can only be an infinite "+"after L2 level.

Of course, it may also bring about the final change, but I don’t know the specific time.

For consumers, on the premise of ensuring safety, an infinite plus sign after L2 level means a better consumer experience.

The question is, how many enterprises can wait in the face of the journey with no end in sight? Do they really need to cope with this competition?

　　[car home Information] On March 11th, the first tank brand owners’ event "Tanke Alliance" was officially opened. During this user-oriented activity, the tank official released the tank user brand "TANK LIFE Tank Burning Life" and displayed various modified tank models on the spot. More importantly, the government officially announced that it will launch the (|) 3.0T model, which is based on the border limited edition. Of course, it will also have a higher price.

"Tank 300 Border Limited Edition"

● tank v plan:Tank 300 3.0T V6 is coming soon.

　　After the tank 300 went on the market, there were many voices about the tank 300 3.0T model. The official announced that the tank 300 3.0T will be released soon, which is good news for tank fans.

　　The tank 300V plan is the first official crowdfunding plan for tanks.The crowdfunding model Tank 300 3.0T will be launched on the basis of the border version of Tank 300, equipped with a 3.0T V6 twin-turbo engine.The crowdfunding plan will be launched in the tank App, with a total of 1,000 crowdfunding targets, each of which is 20,000 yuan, and each user can only purchase one copy.

　　If the project successfully reaches the crowdfunding goal, the project will be initiated in April. According to the project development scope,It is estimated that the project development will be completed in the second quarter of 2024.Successful users can become product partners and enjoy five special rights and interests, such as early adopter right, co-creation right, expansion right, shining right and harvest right.

　　According to the parameters of the 3.0T V6 twin-turbo engine on the current tank 500, the maximum power of the new car is 360 HP (265 kW) and the maximum torque is 500 Nm.

● Tanks will enter more overseas markets.

"Tanks 300 Listed in Saudi Arabia"

　　Tank brands have been explored in Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Australia. It is officially announced that in 2023, tanks will continue to promote the market processes such as ASEAN and accelerate their layout into the European market with strict access standards. In the future, tanks will enter more global markets. With the entry into more overseas markets, tanks will also simultaneously promote the "Lighting the Earth Plan" for overseas self-driving. In addition, Tanks expects to set up 30 overseas clubs this year, covering Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Russia and other regions.

● Tank user brand: "TANK LIFE Tank Burning Life"

"Tank refitting town"

　　According to the official, "TANK LIFE" combustion life consists of three parts: products, channels and services, which realizes the interaction in nine fields, such as personality upgrading, camping, climbing and photography, and forms a global ecological co-creation platform.

　　　In terms of product co-creation, tanks will carry out vehicle co-creation, expand modification culture and share modification results. At the same time, it will also build a "tank brand experience base", where users will be invited to experience the latest products and professional off-road projects such as climbing, wading and cannonball pits. The official said that the site is currently being inspected and will gradually land.

　　On the level of service experience, the official will promote the tank academy, light up the earth plan, and tank good things.

"Tanks will open a limited number of places in Alashan offline courses in 20 desert colleges."

　　In terms of tank academy, during this year’s Alashan Heroes’ Meeting, the tank will open a limited number of offline courses for 20 desert academies. Advanced teaching of cross-country actual combat in Alashan, through the examination of teaching and training, can obtain the exclusive certificate issued by the Tank Academy, and will also receive a limited edition desert cross-country gift package.

　　The Light the Earth project is to collect tank road books for users around the world. At present, more than 171 road books have been collected. In addition, officials also plan to start "lighting tours" overseas, such as "Bangkok crossing the rainforest", "going to the Middle East to play in the desert" and "Australia crossing the Gobi".

"good tank"

　　Good things in tanks are the peripheral products that tanks have been advancing at present. At present, there are more than 150 kinds of fine things, such as clothing accessories, fashionable car models, camping and outdoor activities.

● "Every tank is different"

　　As the first user conference, many users or modified versions launched by professional modification manufacturers gathered at the scene, and some special versions previously officially launched appeared at the scene. As Liu Yanzhao, CEO of tank brand and general manager of Wei brand technology, said:Every tank is different..

　　The Border Limited Edition (Yellow) adopts the color scheme of "Golden Armor", widens the body, and is equipped with exclusive rims, front and rear bars, letter grille, roof rack, wading throat, etc. The tank ranger (green) adopts the exclusive "ranger green", which is equipped with a wading throat, a forged aluminum upper swing arm, metal front and rear bars, off-road wheels, a 12,000-pound winch and so on. Compared with the first batch of Rangers, the second batch of products added trailer power outlet and square outlet, and added air-conditioning physical buttons. Tieqi 02 (White) has upgraded the wading hose and WARN front winch, and its suspension has also upgraded an 8-segment damping soft and hard adjustable shock absorber, which is matched with the German eibach spring. In other aspects, it also has 17-inch retro rims, high heat dissipation engine cover, air conditioning entity buttons and so on.

　　Other information about exhibitors’ refitting and displaying businesses and users’ refitting vehicles, etc.:

"China fires"

"beyond the border car"

American card industry: front and rear bars, luggage racks, etc.

"macro fox nitrogen reduction"

Red horse winch

"Ant Cross Country"

"Yun Liang Cross Country"

"sand lizard reduces vibration"

Ruibo: front and rear bars, luggage racks, etc.

Full text summary:

　　At present, the tank has accumulated more than 200,000 users, 66 city clubs, and 1000+ club activities throughout the year. In just a few years, it has become an indispensable off-road brand in China, which has also promoted the development of upstream and downstream industries of outdoor and off-road in China, and at the same time, it has also created a moat for tank brands besides the products themselves-culture and circle. It is reported that at present, the number of users of the Tank Club has reached 70,000, and the registered users of the Tank Car App have reached nearly 2 million. It already has a certain scale and growing user base, which is very successful for tanks. Of course, the tank is also guiding and standardizing such a group through its own strength, which is also the reason for the release of a brand new user brand.

　　In terms of products, the upcoming tank 300 3.0T will become a totem model of the tank 300, just as the 392 is to herdsman, the tank 300 3.0T will become the dream of many tank 300 fans. It is worth mentioning that many new products of Tank 300 will also be released later, so you can look forward to it. The tank 500 will not only be redesigned, but the launch of PHEV models will also dispel users’ concerns about fuel consumption and further expand market share. As for more brand-new models such as tank 400, let’s look forward to it. Good things are coming! (Text/car home Chen Hao)

　　One international student with three opposite sex study partners? The "Buddy" project of Chinese and foreign students in Shandong University has caused controversy.

　　It is questioned that in 2018, Shandong University’s "study partner" program was upgraded to one international student with three on-campus students, and the participating students in the school were mainly girls.

　　On July 11th, the staff of the Propaganda Department of Shandong University Party Committee replied to The Paper that they were studying the matter.

　　On the afternoon of 11th, a teacher from graduate department of Shandong University told The Paper that the "Learning Companion" program was first implemented in 2016, and it was generally welcomed by students after implementation. "Students registered actively and gave better feedback". Regarding the questioning of online public opinion, the teacher said that it was a malicious misinterpretation.

　　Controversial "Learning Companion" Project

　　Shandong University’s "Learning Companion" project, which was exposed by netizens in Weibo on July 6th, caused controversy.

　　According to the blog post, an international student in Shandong University has three study partners. From one-to-one pairing in 2017, each international student in 2018 has three healthy study partners, forming a three-person study partner group, and the unsuccessful study partners are included in the study partner database.

　　The registration form of the student partner and the regulations on the management of the student partner do not evade the problem of the opposite sex student partner. In the application form, the gender of the study partner is particularly emphasized, and "making foreign friends of the opposite sex" is listed as one of the options, and it is marked in red at the head: "Please fill in the details as carefully as possible so as to match your favorite study partner".

　　Some netizens commented in the Weibo, "I really don’t understand, what is the intention of introducing those little girls who are not familiar with personnel or even have never talked about love to foreign male students as study companions?"

　　The Paper noted that an online document "Description of Shandong University on Holding Chinese and Foreign Students’ Learning Companion Activities" stated that it was legal and proper for Shandong University to hold Chinese and foreign "Learning Companion Activities". The "study partner" activity for Chinese and foreign students is an activity held to promote the study of Chinese and foreign students. Chinese and foreign students are study partners, and all of them are free to register, not to find study partners for international students alone.

　　On the morning of July 11th, The Paper asked the International Affairs Department of Shandong University for verification on this document. A staff member of the International Affairs Department told The Paper that the school had noticed the relevant public opinion and needed to contact the Propaganda Department for details.

　　The "Learning Partner" project was implemented in 2016.

　　The Paper found that the "study partner" program for international students in Shandong University was implemented in 2016.

　　In October 2016, the International Affairs Department of Shandong University published the Interim Provisions on the Management of the Student Companion Program of Shandong University (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), which indicated that the Student Companion Program was an activity to increase the understanding and exchange between China students and international students and promote the internationalization of Shandong University students.

　　According to the requirements of the Regulations, the group participating in the "Learning Partner Program" is open to students who are officially registered in the whole school, and undergraduates, master students and doctoral students can participate. Students can participate in the "study partner program" for a maximum of one year, and can submit a written application to continue to participate after the expiration of the validity period.

　　In addition, the "Regulations" indicate that if you go out with your school partners, you must report to the relevant person in charge for approval. If you go out for more than one day, you must apply in writing and get approval before implementation.

　　On October 29th, 2016, a notice about recruiting foreign students as "study companions" was publicly released at the official website of the Graduate Association of Shandong University. The notice showed that students of study companions must have "a high level of English or Japanese, Korean, Russian and other foreign languages".

　　The Paper saw in an application form of Shandong University’s exchange students "study partner" downloaded from his official website that students who signed up should fill in the basic information such as name, gender and nationality, as well as dietary taboos, hobbies and specialties, and students with study partners can freely fill in the "gender of their desired study partner".

　　After the announcement of recruiting international students as "study partners", The Paper inquired in official website of Shandong University and found that Qilu Hospital College of Shandong University published the first batch of "college" matching results and the notice of the first meeting of "study partners" activities in official website on December 1, 2016. Official website announced that the activity received a total of 360 application information from 28 colleges of Shandong University, and 122 pairs of friendly "study partners" were successfully selected among 122 international students and 238 China students who registered.

　　Official website of Qilu Medical College issued the Notice on Announcing the Group Results of 2018 Students’ Partners and the First Meeting Party of Students’ Partners’ Activities. As of November 15th, 2018, the activities received a total of 270 registration information. Among the registered international students and China students, 141 China students and 47 international students have been successfully selected to form 47 friendly "study partner" groups.

　　Teachers and students of Shanda University talk about "study companions": overall evaluation is good, and friendly exchanges are enhanced.

　　On July 11th, 2016, the person in charge of Shandong University’s "Student Companion" recruitment plan told The Paper that "one-on-one" and "one-on-three" were maliciously misinterpreted by netizens. He introduced that at the beginning of the establishment of Shandong University’s "study partner" program, the purpose was to promote exchanges between Chinese and foreign students. Students signed up voluntarily, and "there is no ratio of one international student to three girls".

　　He said that after the implementation of the "study partner" program, it was welcomed by students. "The registration is positive and the feedback from students is better."

　　In response to insulting words such as "pimping" put forward by netizens, he said that in recent days, he has also received feedback from alumni. On the afternoon of July 11th, he contacted the International Affairs Department to inquire about the progress of this matter. He learned from the International Affairs Department that the school is currently discussing this matter and will give a reasonable explanation.

　　On the same day, a staff member of the Propaganda Department of Shandong University Party Committee replied to The Paper that he was studying the matter.

　　Xiaoyuan (pseudonym), a student of Shandong University School of Management who participated in the 2017 "Learning Companion" program, said that the "Learning Companion" program is mainly for students in the central campus and several nearby campuses. The participating students are distributed in various colleges, and the ratio of male to female is relatively normal. The situation of online transmission is not true.

　　She said that the "study partner" project includes a get-together. She attended the 2017 school reunion. According to her description, there were many students who participated in the party that night. Everyone came from all corners of the country and the atmosphere was very good. On that night, she met her friends from France, Pakistan, South Korea and other countries.

　　After getting to know each other at the party, students can keep in touch with each other. Usually, students in China will take their study partners with them. Most of the activities are to visit famous scenic spots in Jinan together, or to have dinner, drink coffee and play werewolf killing around the school.

　　Xiaoyuan said that more students still maintain online communication to help international students answer questions in campus life. "After all, everyone’s cultural backgrounds are completely different, and the probability of becoming international friends immediately is still quite low."

　　A 2016 boy from Shandong University said that study companions are a normal learning exchange program, which has been going on for several years.

　　The question about the internet changed from "one-on-one" to "one-on-three". The boy explained that the ratio of male to female in Shanda was originally a little more than that of female students, while the number of international students was generally a little more than that of male students. In addition, female students were generally more active than male students in participating in campus activities, so there was a situation of "three companions and one" mentioned in the news.

　　The boy said that the "study partner program" requires study partners to do tasks together, such as reading books and watching movies together.

　　CCTV News:At 5: 50 at dawn, the train returning from Chengdu slowly pulled into the platform, just shining through the window, and the policeman Zhang Zhenjun patrolled the car body again before retiring with peace of mind. — — Spring Festival travel rush is coming in 2019. In order to catch the bright spots of outstanding representatives in our police team, I approached the police officer Zhang Zhenjun and spent five days in the car with him. What impressed me the most was his "three pairs of shoes".

　　Persistence of leather shoes

　　When the train started, standing next to the K257/8 train from Tianjin to Chengdu, the first impression that Zhang Zhenjun, a 58-year-old policeman, gave was that he revealed the heroic spirit of the soldiers, which came from years of cultivation and clean leather shoes under his feet.

　　He was a soldier at the age of 18 and worked in the army for 18 years. Because of his excellent performance, he worked all the way from the grass-roots company to the headquarters. In the past 18 years, it was this pair of leather shoes that he cherished. "When I was young, I didn’t have the opportunity to wear leather shoes in the country. When I put a pair of leather shoes on my feet in the army, I immediately got refreshed, so I tried to polish my shoes, took off my military uniform and put on police uniforms. The shoes under my feet are still useful. These shoes have become my good comrades in arms."

　　"There are times when my shoes are dirty," Lao Zhang said with a little regret. "When I was walking in the car, I heard the abnormal noise in the front carriage when I visited the hard seat carriage. I rushed over and found that a male passenger was standing on the seat with a fruit knife in his right hand, waving back and forth and yelling, and two other slightly injured passengers were lying on the seat not far away and shouting. Upon seeing this, I pounced on the male passenger with a knife in one stride, pressed it tightly under my body and took the fruit knife in one fell swoop. In the process, my right hand was slightly scratched, and then I took it to the dining car with the police team, made a record and handed it over to the station police station, and properly disposed of the injured passenger. When I was all busy, I found three drops of solidified blood on my shoes. "

　　After a few days with the car, I found that the policeman Lao Zhang would take out a soft cloth and shoe polish every time he patrolled the hard mat. He said, "My car is overcrowded all the year round, and it is not easy for passengers to go to work from south to north. I am not clean but easy to get along with. I am willing to chat with them more. Don’t underestimate this patrol that is often trampled on. Many things will be solved in the first time, that is, I will come back and wipe it."

　　Ethics of cloth shoes

　　When there are long intervals and high incidence of travel and wealth cases, the police officer Lao Zhang will arrange the police team members to carry out their daily work and go deep into the carriage to put on cloth shoes and plain clothes to "discover". "This is also a habit that has been maintained by train for 22 years," he said. "When I first arrived in the police force, I was assigned to the plainclothes team. The master taught me how to observe the abnormal passengers’ behavior in the car where the passengers were concentrated, so as to track and find out the current situation. Since then, I have worn cloth shoes, and the crew bag often carries similar clothes for migrant workers in season, which is not easy to be found in the car and is convenient for work. These cloth shoes have been worn for more than 20 years. "

　　The same pair of cloth shoes, the policeman Lao Zhang still has wonderful use. When driving at night, he changed into a police uniform and patrolled the sleeping car in cloth shoes. He said, "Although this kind of wearing is a bit against the dress code, compared with my leather shoes, the cloth shoes walk silently, which will not affect the rest of passengers. I will calculate the number of rounds of the patrol and the time of the stop, put the leather shoes in the dining car, and will not delay getting off to meet the passengers after wearing a straight dress."

　　Neglect of slippers

　　In September this year, on the way home by train, police officer Lao Zhang suddenly felt feverish, and without telling his family, he dragged himself to see a doctor after five days’ fatigue. After the examination, I found that I was suffering from the symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the brain and capillary bleeding. This is the result of long-term accumulation of reasons such as work, diet, sleep and poor ventilation in the working environment. The doctor told me to rest for a long time, otherwise it may recur with high frequency.

　　The policeman Lao Zhang only rested for two weeks, but his lover couldn’t beat him, so he had to buy him a pair of slippers and put them in his cabin bag, and repeatedly "nagged" him-"It’s time to patrol in the long interval at night, and when I come back, I will soak my feet with heat, so you can rub your feet yourself like this, which will help blood circulation and save you from getting sick." Police officer Lao Zhang listened to his lover’s words and brought slippers, but he was obsessed with the schedule of the car, and his feet were always soaked in leather shoes and cloth shoes, so he didn’t have time to put on a slipper. Until I got on the bus, my lover was worried that his body could not afford it. At 1 o’clock in the middle of the night, he sent a WeChat saying, "I have calculated the time. You should be able to take a rest in this interval from Guangyuan to Jiangyou. Take a photo for me and see if you are wearing slippers on your feet." The policeman Lao Zhang felt the vibration of WeChat, but at this time he was walking in the carriage wearing cloth shoes. After a good tour, he returned to the camper and put on slippers to take photos, telling his lover that the signal was not good.

　　Write it at the end

　　Lao Zhang, a policeman, is very ordinary. He has spent 22 years on various trains, crisscrossed the north and south, never handled any big cases, and never made any big mistakes. However, for the police work, it is an honor to be so obscure for so many years by taking a long-distance ordinary train. This honor lies in being down-to-earth, in shoes that strictly enforce the law and shoes that are for the people, and in giving up slippers and measuring the length of the train, the length of the interval journey and the length of life and life in the process of value multiplication step by step.

　　Thanks to the police officer Lao Zhang’s three pairs of shoes in size 43, and thanks to so many police officers Lao Zhang, it is because of their solid Spring Festival travel rush Road that this year’s Spring Festival travel rush can truly feel practical! (Text/Chen Sheng)

After Guo Gangtang, the prototype of the movie "Lost Orphan", successfully recognized his relatives in July this year, Sun Haiyang, the prototype of the movie "Dear", also achieved a reunion on December 6, and met Sun Zhuo, his son who had been abducted for 14 years. The unexpected reunion in the movie has come true in reality, and such a touching story is also happening in Ningxia …

Since January this year, the Ministry of Public Security has deployed a nationwide "reunion" campaign. Ningxia Public Security Department, in combination with the study and education of Party history and the education and rectification of the political and legal team, clearly requires that the work of helping parents find their children’s "reunion" be a political task, so as to make the road of recognizing relatives shorter. As of December 13th, 46 separated families have been reunited, and 17 abducted or lost children in Ningxia have been recovered.

Ge Minsheng (fourth from the right in the first row) was reunited with his family after 61 years. (Source: Provided by the interviewee)

After 61 years of reunion.

"I’m so happy. I’ve been listening to my parents for a lifetime since I was a child, and I finally found it. Thanks to the comrades of the public security police, the parents’ wishes have finally been realized. " In June this year, 61-year-old Ge Jianchun, accompanied by the police of the Criminal Investigation Detachment of Yinchuan Public Security Bureau in Ningxia, and his family drove more than 640 kilometers from Yinchuan to Taibai County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, to reunite with his second brother Ge Minsheng who had been separated for 61 years.

This time, the road for brothers to meet each other has gone for 61 years.

Ge Jianchun recalled that in 1960, due to the work of his father Ge Yangqing, his parents separated the two places. The pregnant mother Tang Lanying took the eldest son Ge Ansheng and the second son Ge Minsheng and took the train from Lanzhou, Gansu Province to Xi’ an, Shaanxi Province. At that time, the environment on the train was noisy and there was a large flow of people. Tang Lanying had to be distracted to take care of two children. At that time, he accidentally lost Ge Minsheng. For 61 years, the family has never given up looking. This year, finally found it.

"Take off your socks and let me see." Ge Jianchun said this when the two brothers just met at the scene. Seeing that Ge Minsheng’s little toe exposed after taking off his socks has two petals of nails, he immediately choked and hugged him and said, "Yes, you are my brother, and our family’s nails are like this."

Ge Minsheng came to Yinchuan with his family during the "Eleventh" holiday this year. "Before my parents died, I was obsessed with my second brother, and my greatest wish was to find him. Now that our family is reunited, I believe they must be very pleased. " Ge Jianchun said. "After the holidays, our big family has become more lively."

Zhou Dong, the second-level director of police technology in the Criminal Technology Department of Ningxia Public Security Department, is conducting DNA testing. (Source: Ningxia Public Security Department)

Recognizing the "gold standard" is the final word.

Ge Minsheng, an old man who has been lost for 61 years, recognizes relatives with his family, which is the longest successful case of finding relatives in Ningxia since the reunion operation. DNA test, known as the "gold standard" for identifying kinship, is the decisive factor for the success of this search.

In the centralized comparison battle of criminal technology in the "Reunion" operation, through the sharing of national data resources, Zhou Dong, the second-level director of police technology in the Criminal Technology Department of Ningxia Public Security Department, found an important clue: Zhang Moumou (44 years old), a man in Taibai County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, was highly suspicious compared with Ge Shengyang, who was looking for relatives, and needed further verification. After learning this important clue, the police of Yinchuan Public Security Bureau immediately contacted Baoji Public Security Bureau of Shaanxi Province. With the help of local police, after some work, they successfully compared Zhang Cheng (66 years old), the father of Zhang Moumou, and identified him as Ge Minsheng, a child who disappeared 61 years ago.

"The comparison process is really tortuous. Although I keep failing, I always cheer myself up and try again. I am very excited at the moment of success." Zhou Dong explained that in theory, if there are DNA samples of parents and children in the abduction database, the system can automatically conduct accurate comparison. However, the reality is often complicated, which requires technicians to manually screen and compare from massive data.

After witnessing the recognition scene of the Ge brothers, Zhou Dong was deeply touched. "For a family, the loss of children and their relatives have a great influence. I am proud that my work can help make up for their regrets." Zhou Dong said.

In May this year, in order to carry out the "Reunion" operation in depth, the criminal investigation department of Ningxia Public Security Bureau set up 25 free blood sampling points for the "Reunion" operation in the whole region, and at the same time collected blood samples of unidentified persons and lost persons, tested DNA and entered them into the national abduction database.

"Thanks to the continuous expansion of the abduction database and the progress of DNA detection technology, the accuracy and efficiency of DNA comparison have improved, providing technical support for the’ Reunion’ action in Ningxia." Wang Yuru, the second-level director of police technology at the Criminal Technology Department of Ningxia Public Security Department, said.

Wu Haiyang, deputy head of the Criminal Investigation Brigade of the Public Security Bureau of shapotou district, zhongwei, waited in the rain for Zhang, a missing person, to appear. (Source: Provided by the interviewee)

Looking for clues in the world

In the process of finding relatives, the work of criminal investigation police is also very important. In the case of insufficient conditions for DNA identification samples, they need to look for clues in massive information; It is also necessary to organize family recognition, and cooperate with civil affairs, women’s federations and other relevant departments after family recognition to help abducted and missing persons integrate into their families and society.

In 2007, Zhang, who lives in Zhongwei, left home because of employment pressure and inner confusion, and has not heard from him since then. In the past 14 years, the Public Security Bureau of shapotou district, zhongwei attached great importance to it, and was responsible for the police to look for clues from the massive information and go to many provinces, cities and counties to check the clues.

On September 20th this year, when the "Reunion" special class of the Criminal Investigation Brigade of shapotou district Public Security Bureau combed the relevant information, it was found that the ID number of the missing person Zhang was the same as that of a man registered by the Shanghai Public Security Bureau in December 2020. After learning this information, Wu Haiyang, deputy head of the Criminal Investigation Brigade of the Bureau, actively docked with the Shanghai public security organs to find the blood card collected by the man during registration for DNA identification. After identification, the man and the Zhang couple are in line with the parent-child genetic relationship. Wu Haiyang and his colleagues immediately went to Shanghai to look for Zhang.

After arriving in Shanghai, with the support of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau and Yangpu Branch, Zhang’s whereabouts were found. Wu Haiyang took out the photos and videos of his family life taken in advance, which were compared and confirmed by Zhang, and told him about the recent situation at home, and finally successfully persuaded Zhang to return to his family.

"As a policeman, it is commonplace to run around, but I feel that it is worthwhile to see their family reunited again." Wu Haiyang said.

It is understood that this year, the Ningxia Public Security System comprehensively sorted out the cases of local children being abducted since the reform and opening up, filed cases by case, re-examined the papers and found the families of abducted children to understand the situation, deeply searched for clues to solve the case, used new means of investigation, and used big data resources to tap the breakthrough point of solving the case. Check the incident one by one, re-study the nature, re-sort and judge the relevant information of suspicious persons suspected of trafficking crimes, and carry out the work of merging cases and digging deep into the remaining crimes. Among them, in February this year, the abduction case of Lin Mohao in zhongwei, which was supervised by the Ministry of Public Security, was successfully detected, the abducted child Lin Mohao was rescued, and three suspects were arrested, which achieved good social effects.

"We organized a number of police types to simultaneously file cases and work in the same direction, carried out joint consultation and judgment, and integrated technologies such as big data judgment and DNA testing and identification, actively explored, summarized and refined a series of effective technical warfare methods." Wang Cheng, the detachment leader of the Ningxia Criminal Investigation Corps and the head of the "Reunion" action class, said.

In the next step, the criminal investigation department of Ningxia will thoroughly practice the people-centered development thought, continue to carry out the practical activities of "I do practical things for the masses", use traditional and new media propaganda methods to deeply mobilize the support and participation of all sectors of society and the masses, and make in-depth use of data screening and comparison, criminal technology inspection and identification and other measures to let more missing abducted children, suspected abducted people and unidentified people go home for reunion.

Original title: "I hope that the world will no longer be" orphaned ".Ningxia" Reunion "Action reunites 46 separated families"

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According to the Management Measures for Civilized Construction Sites of Water Conservancy Projects in Jiangsu Province,2019The assessment of civilized construction sites of water conservancy projects in Jiangsu Province in has ended, and the assessment results have been publicized, which is now announced.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Provincial water resources department　　　 　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the year of 2020sixmoon24sun　　　

　

　

2019List of civilized construction sites of water conservancy projects in Jiangsu Province

　

First, the New Meng He Extension Extension Project Benniu Water Control Project

Project legal person: Jiangsu New Meng He Hub Project Construction Bureau.

Design unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Sushui Engineering Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Yancheng Water Conservancy Construction Co., Ltd.

Second, Liu Laojian Pumping Station Reinforcement and Reconstruction Project

Project Legal Person: Construction Department of Strengthening and Reconstruction Project of Liulaojian Pumping Station

Design unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Suqian Water Conservancy Project Supervision Consulting Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

Three, Lianyungang Ganyu Fan River (Tongyu River above the mouth) regulation project.

Project legal person: Key Water Conservancy Project Construction Department, Ganyu District, Lianyungang City

Design unit: Lianyungang Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Lianyungang Jinhe Water Conservancy Project Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Lianyungang Ganyu Water Conservancy Construction and Installation Engineering Company

4. Tonglu Canal Water Control Project

Project legal person: Nantong Urban Construction Group Co., Ltd.

Design unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Sushui Engineering Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Huaiyin Water Conservancy Construction Co., Ltd.

Five, Xuzhou Zhengji River water transfer expansion project Zhengji East Station capacity expansion project

Project legal person: Construction Department of Capacity Expansion and Reconstruction Project of Zhengji East Station in Xuzhou City.

Design unit: Xuzhou Water Conservancy Architectural Design and Research Institute

Supervision unit: Xuzhou Water Conservancy Project Construction Supervision Center

Construction unit: Xuzhou Water Conservancy Engineering Construction Co., Ltd.

VI. Construction Bid of Shiyezhou Left Branch Submerged Dam Project of the third-phase regulation project of Zhenyang reach of the Yangtze River

Project legal person: Yangzhou Changjiang Town Yanghe Section Phase III Regulation Project Construction Office.

Design unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Engineering Survey and Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Shanghai Water Conservancy Engineering Group Co., Ltd.

VII. Liangzhai Gate Station Project of Zhengji River Water Transmission Expansion Project (Fengxian County)

Project legal person: Construction Department of Zhengji Water Transfer Expansion Project in Fengxian County

Agent: Jiangsu Water Source Co., Ltd., East Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Design unit: Xuzhou Water Conservancy Architectural Design and Research Institute

Supervision unit: Xuzhou Water Conservancy Project Construction Supervision Center

Construction unit: Jiangsu Huayu Water Conservancy Engineering Office

Eight, Yancheng Chuandonggang impact treatment and improvement project Dongtai domestic project construction bid.

Project legal person: Dongtai Water Conservancy Infrastructure Construction Office

Design unit: Yancheng Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute.

Supervisor: Nanjing Zhongjinxin Information Consulting Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Dongtai Water Conservancy Construction Co., Ltd.

Nine, wangyu river west bank control project within the territory of Changshu city civil engineering construction three blocks.

Project legal person: Changshu Water Conservancy Project Construction Management Office

Design unit: Shanghai Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Suzhou Water Conservancy Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Huahe Municipal Garden Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

X. Bid Section 4 of Yixing River Regulation Project of New Meng He Extension Extension Extension Project

Project legal person: Yixing Water Conservancy Project Construction Management Center

Design unit: Jiangsu Taihu Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervisor: Shanghai Donghua Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Yixing Water Conservancy Engineering Co., Ltd.

XI. Construction of South Extension Section of New Meng He Extension Project in Zhenjiang CityⅡmark

Project legal person: Extension and Extension Engineering Construction Office of New Meng He, Danyang City.

Agent: Jiangsu Water Source Co., Ltd., East Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Design unit: Jiangsu Taihu Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervisor: Zhenjiang Huayuan Construction Supervision Center

Construction unit: Zhenjiang Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

12. Civil engineering and equipment purchase and installation project of Simao Youyou sluice moving down in Dafeng District

Project Legal Person: Construction Management Office of Water Conservancy Key Projects in Dafeng District, Yancheng City

Design unit: Yancheng Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute.

Supervisor: Shanghai Hongbo Engineering Consulting Management Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Yancheng Water Conservancy Construction Co., Ltd.

XIII. Construction of the Second Phase of Comprehensive Improvement of the Main River of Huaisi River SystemⅠmark

Project legal person: Yangzhou Water Investment Group Co., Ltd.

Design unit: Yangzhou Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Yangzhou architecture design research co., ltd

Supervision unit: Yangzhou Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Yangzhou Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Company

Fourteen, Liuhe District, Nanjing, the recent flood control and improvement of the Chuhe River project construction bid.

Project legal person: Construction Department of Recent Improvement Project of Chuhe River in Liuhe District, Nanjing.

Agent: Jiangsu Zhongyuan Engineering Management Co., Ltd.

Designer: Nanjing Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Engineering Science and Technology Consulting Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Nanjing Hechuan Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

15. South Liutang River Regulation Project (in guannan county)2018Annual construction2mark

Project Legal Person: Construction Department of Small and Medium-sized River Regulation Project in guannan county, Lianyungang City.

Design unit: Lianyungang Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Lianyungang Jinhe Water Conservancy Project Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: guannan county Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

Sixteen, Changshu flowing water project–Baimaotang hub project

Project legal person: Changshu Water Investment Development Co., Ltd.

Designer: Yangtze River Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Suzhou Water Conservancy Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

Seventeen, Suqian City Yellow River old course follow-up project construction.onemark

Project legal person: Suqian Yellow River Old Course Follow-up Project Construction Office.

Agent: Jiangsu Water Source Co., Ltd., East Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Design unit: Suqian Water Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Suqian Water Conservancy Project Construction Supervision Consulting Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Nanjing Zhengao Construction Co., Ltd.

Eighteen, Changzhou new sluice flood control project reconstruction project

Project legal person: Changzhou Water Conservancy Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd.

Design unit: Jiangsu Taihu Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Taihu Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Shanghai Water Conservancy Engineering Group Co., Ltd.

Nineteen, Taihu Lake Basin West Jiuqu River Regulation Project Design Change Project

Project legal person: Danyang Key Water Conservancy Project Construction Management Office

Agent: Jiangsu Water Source Co., Ltd., East Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Design unit: Jiangsu Taihu Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Engineering Survey and Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Hehai Construction Co., Ltd.

Twenty, South River Comprehensive Improvement Project Yuhuatai Section Construction Bid 3

Project legal person: Yuhuatai District Water Conservancy Project Construction Office, Nanjing.

Designer: Nanjing Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervisor: Jiangsu Kexing Project Management Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Nanjing Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

21. Construction of South Extension Section of Wujin District of New Meng He Extension Extension ProjectⅡmark

Project legal person: New Meng He Extension Tuojun Project Construction Management Office, Wujin District, Changzhou City.

Design unit: Jiangsu Taihu Water Conservancy Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Huaiyuan Engineering Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Yancheng Water Conservancy Construction Co., Ltd.

Twenty-two, Huai ‘an high-speed rail new area water system adjustment project

Project legal person: Huaian Water Resources Development and Construction Co., Ltd.

Design unit: Huai ‘an Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

Supervision unit: Jiangsu Sushui Engineering Construction Supervision Co., Ltd.

Construction unit: Jiangsu Huaiyin Water Conservancy Construction Co., Ltd.

　　Beijing, January 1st (Reporter Shangguan Yun) Today is January 1st, and many countries call it New Year’s Day. It represents the beginning of a new year and is a cheerful festival in people’s minds.

　　Interestingly, in ancient China, "New Year’s Day" originally referred to the current Lunar New Year, and there were other names such as "Duanri" and "Yuanzheng". The determination of names and dates such as "Spring Festival", "New Year" and "New Year’s Day" has also gone through a long evolution process.

　　What is the meaning of the word "New Year’s Day" in ancient times?

　　Speaking of New Year’s Day, if interpreted literally, it can be understood as "the first day".

　　Data Map: On December 31, 2019, Chengdu Tianfu Square was decorated with various flowers to welcome the arrival of New Year’s Day in 2020. Zhang wave photo

　　The "yuan" of "New Year’s Day" means beginning and first, and the beginning of every number is called "yuan"; "Dan" is an pictograph, with the upper "Sun" representing the sun and the lower "One" representing the horizon. Together, it symbolizes that the sun rises from the horizon in Ran Ran and a new day begins.

　　Therefore, people combine the words "Yuan" and "Dan", which means the first day of the new year. It is said that New Year’s Day is also called "three yuan", that is, the yuan of the year, the yuan of the month and the yuan of the time.

　　One yuan initial, Vientiane update. In ancient times, New Year’s Day was highly valued. In the Jin Dynasty, there was a poet named Xin Lan who wrote a poem "Yuan Zheng": "Yuan Zheng opens the ceremony, and Jiaqing celebrates itself. Xian played for thousands of years, and Xiao Datong was happy. " It is the lively scene of New Year’s Day at that time.

　　When did the ancient "New Year’s Day" originate?

　　In fact, the "New Year’s Day" in ancient China is said to have originated in Zhuan Xu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of several thousand years. It is recorded in the Book of Jin: "Zhuan Di took the first month of Meng Xia as the yuan, which actually coincided with the Spring of New Year’s Day".

　　Although the meaning of "New Year’s Day" means the first day of the year has never changed, due to calendar reasons, the calculation method of the first day of the first month was not very unified before Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, and the months and days of New Year’s Day in previous dynasties were also inconsistent.

　　Data map. Photo by Meng Delong

　　For example, the Xia Dynasty in ancient times used the Xia calendar, which took Meng Xiyue (January) as the first month, but in Shang Dynasty, the Yin calendar used in Shang Dynasty took the twelfth month (December) as the first month, and the Zhou Dynasty’s weekly calendar took the winter month (November) as the first month.

　　After Qin Shihuang unified China, he decided to take Yangchunyue (October) as the first month, that is to say, the "New Year’s Day" at this time became "the first day of October".

　　It was not until the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty that the state of "changing and changing" basically ended: in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Deng Ping and others founded the "taichu calendar", redetermining Meng Xiyue (January) in the summer calendar as the first month, and calling the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first month in the summer calendar) New Year’s Day, which remained in use until the end of the Qing Dynasty.

　　The origin of the name "Spring Festival"

　　Time came to 1912, and in January of that year, Sun Yat-sen issued the Order of the Provisional President on Promulgating the Almanac, requiring the Ministry of Internal Affairs to compile a new almanac, and then stipulated that January 1st of the Gregorian calendar was "New Year’s Day", but it was not called "New Year’s Day".

　　As a result, there are two calendar systems in China: one is the official "solar calendar" as the time standard for public administration and international communication; One is the "lunar calendar" used in traditional society, which serves agricultural time and daily life.

　　Data Map: A desert bonfire party celebrating New Year’s Day was held in Yueyaquan Town, Dunhuang. Photo by Wang Binyin

　　In January 1914, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the then government put forward in a submission to the President: "It is proposed to designate Lunar New Year’s Day as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival as the Summer Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival as the Autumn Festival, and Winter Solstice as the Winter Festival … …” Later, only "New Year’s Day is the Spring Festival" was approved, so the traditional Chinese New Year was renamed "Spring Festival", and the traditional name of "New Year’s Day" was put aside on January 1 of the Gregorian calendar.

　　However, Xiao Fang, a folklore expert, said that although the government at that time had been promoting the Gregorian calendar, it even forced people not to celebrate the old calendar and prohibit folk activities such as posting Spring Festival couplets, but the people did not buy it, and their daily lives continued according to the old calendar.

　　On September 27th, 1949, the first plenary session of the China People’s Political Consultative Conference passed the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) calendar adopts the AD calendar method", and the first day of the first lunar month is called the Spring Festival, and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar is designated as the New Year’s Day. At this point, "New Year’s Day" has become a festival celebrated by people, and the traditional annual festival has also received due attention.

　　What did you eat on New Year’s Day in ancient times?

　　"New Year’s Day in Four Seasons, Long Life in Early Spring" always brings people new expectations, and the ancient New Year’s Day court has a grand New Year’s greeting ceremony. In the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Zhi wrote a poem in Yuan Hui: "At first, Yuan You, in ancient times, was only good, and it was a good meeting, so I gave a banquet here."

　　Data Map: New Year’s Day activities were held in Kunming Jindian Scenic Area, the bell tower rang the bell for blessing in the New Year, and hundreds of children wrote Spring Festival couplets, camellia exhibitions and other activities to wish happiness and well-being in the new year. China News Service reporter Li Jinhong photo

　　There is a saying that similar activities such as celebrating ceremonies and praying for sacrifices in the past dynasties originated from the "wax sacrifice" in ancient society, which mainly sacrificed crops and harvested gods, such as the god of agriculture. In the era of low social productivity, people should thank the "gods" and ancestors for their protection at the beginning of the new year and pray for a good weather in the coming year.

　　At this time, the diet is also rich and colorful, which is clearly described in "Jingchu Age". For example, when New Year’s Day arrived, the worship of congratulations in Jingchu area was completed in the Southern Dynasties, followed by the introduction of pepper and cypress wine, peach soup, Tu Su wine, gum tooth jar and spiced dish. Apply it to powder, take the ghost pill, and eat an egg each … …

　　Count carefully, including drinks, food and drugs, each with its own meaning. In ancient times, on New Year’s Day, people performed a set of customs step by step and were very busy.

　　Chen Xianzhang, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, mentioned in his New Year’s Day Trial Pen: "The neighboring wall whirls to entertain guests, and the children sing songs and enjoy the New Year’s poems." Like a "Happy New Year Picture", it depicts the scene of people celebrating the traditional New Year. (End)