It’s almost the end of the year in a blink of an eye
It’s time for people to concentrate on physical examination again.
You can also see it on all major platforms.
Various medical examination packages
but
Are these medical examination packages really suitable for us?
Is it better to check as many items as possible?
01
"1+x" principle, accurate selection of physical examination items
Physical examination is not the more expensive, the better, and the more items, the better. What suits you is the best.
Physical examination is mainly divided into basic physical examination items and personalized physical examination items. The "1" mentioned here is the basic physical examination project.
1. General examination: including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure and pulse.
2. Physical inspection:
Internal medicine: heart, lung, abdomen (liver, spleen, kidney), etc.
Surgery: superficial lymph nodes, thyroid gland, breast, joints of spine and limbs, anus and external genitalia (male);
Ophthalmology: vision, intraocular pressure, external eye, internal eye;
Otolaryngology: external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, hearing, nasal cavity, sinus and throat;
Stomatology: oral mucosa, teeth, gums, temporomandibular joint, parotid gland;
Gynecology: internal diagnosis of vulva and pelvis (with sexual history).
3. Laboratory inspection:
Blood routine, urine routine, stool routine+occult blood;
Biochemical: liver and kidney function, four blood lipids, blood sugar, blood uric acid, etc.
Gynecological cervical cytology (with sexual history).
4. Auxiliary examination: electrocardiogram, chest X-ray or chest CT, ultrasound of liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and kidney.
If you have no special needs or special medical history, you can directly choose the basic package for physical examination. For most people, by doing these basic checks, you can basically assess the overall health of your body, just once a year.
There is also an "X" part that can’t be ignored, that is, personalized physical examination items.
This part of the project is based on their age, gender, occupation, health status and family history, etc., and the cost will vary from person to person.
For example:
Those with family history of early hypertension, long-term mental stress, or dizziness, headache, dizziness and discomfort can be monitored by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and vascular ultrasound.
Those with overweight and obesity, family history of diabetes, gestational diabetes, polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and weight loss can choose items such as body fat rate, vascular ultrasound, 2-hour postprandial blood sugar and insulin.
Those who have a history of smoking, chronic bronchitis and asthma can choose items such as lung function and chest CT examination.
Those who have a family history of breast cancer, a history of breast diseases, a history of chest radiotherapy, breast discomfort and abnormal nipple discharge can choose breast ultrasound, breast molybdenum target (over 35-40 years old) and other projects.
Women over the age of 21 with family history of cervical cancer, abnormal leucorrhea and vaginal bleeding can choose TCT, HPV and other items.
Those who have a family history of colorectal cancer, chronic colitis, intestinal polyp, colon adenoma and a long-term high-fat high-protein high-calorie diet can choose anal examination, colonoscopy and other items.
Those with family history of gastric cancer, gastric ulcer, gastric polyp, bad eating habits, or upper abdominal pain, emaciation, unexplained anemia (male) and melena (especially over 40 years old) can choose gastroscopy, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and other items.
Men with family history of prostate cancer, chronic prostatitis, or dysuria and hematuria (especially over 50 years old) can choose prostate palpation, prostate ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging.
Postmenopausal women, elderly men, people with low weight, insufficient calcium intake, less outdoor activities, or a history of systemic pain and fracture can be examined for bone mineral density, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D and bone metabolism.
02
Keep in mind the precautions.
Avoid eating greasy food, drinking alcohol and overwork 24 hours before physical examination. Fasting for 6 ~ 8 hours before physical examination, because eating will increase the concentration of some components in the blood, which will affect the accuracy of the test results, such as liver and kidney function, blood sugar, blood lipids and so on. However, the longer the fasting time is, the better. If the fasting time exceeds 10 hours, the endogenous endocrine hormones in the body will change the blood sugar and other indicators, which cannot reflect the usual level and lose the significance of the test.
Wear loose clothes and try not to wear jewelry on the day of physical examination to facilitate physical examination; Ladies, please try to avoid the menstrual period.
Female gynecological B-ultrasound examination should hold urine. Only by filling the bladder can the problem be revealed. Many organs of the human body are in the pelvic cavity, surrounded by intestines. Only by holding the urine can the intestines be pushed open, clearly showing the uterus, ovaries and other organs behind the bladder.
03
Don’t cancel the inspection of 5 items.
When many people are checking, the parts of some physical examination items are relatively private, and many people "hide" and do not do it, with a high rate of rejection. In fact, if we give up these projects, many major diseases may be missed.
directeral rectun examination
Digital rectal examination is a simple, quick and less invasive examination. More than 80% of rectal cancer can be touched by digital rectal examination. In addition, besides checking whether there are anorectal diseases such as rectal tumor, hemorrhoids and anal fistula, it can also identify male prostate problems.
stool examination
80% patients with colorectal cancer are positive for fecal occult blood. The color and characteristics of feces are closely related to gastrointestinal diseases.
If you miss stool examination, you may miss digestive tract tumors including colorectal cancer, and you may also miss screening for diseases such as enteritis, dysentery, parasites, hemorrhoids and gastrointestinal bleeding.
electrocardiographic examination
Electrocardiogram examination is non-invasive, convenient and economical, which can help to identify heart diseases at an early stage and help to find myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy in time. An electrocardiogram examination may avoid a cardiovascular accident.
gynaecological examination
Gynecological diseases have a strong concealment. Doctors check the internal and external genitalia through visual inspection, palpation and secretion sampling, so as to find gynecological diseases such as vaginitis and cervical lesions in time.
It is suggested that adult women have a routine gynecological examination once a year, and the best time for examination is 3 ~ 7 days after menstruation.
Breast palpation
Through breast palpation, we can know the breast hardness, tenderness, mass and its nature, which can help identify breast diseases or be a powerful aid of breast ultrasound. Don’t contradict breast palpation, the doctor will be more professional than self-examination.
Everyone is the first responsible person for their own health. It is not a wise choice to overdraw their health. Remember to love yourself for whatever reason ~
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Original title: "Going to the peak season of physical examination again, what to check? How to check? 》
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