How to understand the inquiry method of electronic invoice and know the related operation? What is the relationship between electronic invoice inquiry method and related operations?

In today’s digital age, electronic invoices are widely used in insurance business. Understanding the inquiry methods and related operations of electronic invoices not only facilitates the insured to manage their finances, but also protects their own rights and interests. The following will introduce the electronic invoice inquiry method and the connection between related operations in detail.

There are usually two ways to query electronic invoices: online and offline. Online inquiry is the most convenient way at present. Common channels include the official website of insurance companies, mobile apps and third-party electronic invoice service platforms. Offline inquiry requires the insured to go to the business outlets of the insurance company and assist in the inquiry through the counter service personnel.

How to understand the inquiry method of electronic invoice and know the related operation? What is the relationship between electronic invoice inquiry method and related operations?

Take online inquiry as an example. To inquire about electronic invoices on the official website of an insurance company, the insured needs to log in to his account first. If you have not registered, you need to register first and complete real-name authentication. After logging in successfully, find the "Electronic Invoice Inquiry" entry in the relevant functional modules of the website, enter the necessary information such as invoice number and billing date according to the system prompt, and click Query to obtain the electronic invoice. The operation process of querying on the mobile APP is similar. Generally, the electronic invoice query function can be found in the menu bar on the homepage of the APP. The third-party electronic invoice service platform requires the insured to confirm that the platform has a cooperative relationship with the insurance company, and then register and log in on the platform, and inquire after associating their own insurance order information.

Although offline inquiry is relatively troublesome, it is a reliable choice for policyholders who are not familiar with online operation. When going to the insurance company’s business outlets, the insured should bring valid identity documents and insurance contracts to explain the requirements to the counter service personnel, who will query the electronic invoice in the system according to the information provided and provide the corresponding paper or electronic version.

The electronic invoice inquiry method is closely related to related operations. The inquiry method provides the direction for the operation, and defines the ways to inquire about electronic invoices. The specific operations are the specific steps to realize the inquiry method. Only by correctly executing these operations can the electronic invoice be inquired smoothly. For example, if you know that you can query the electronic invoice on the official website of the insurance company, you will not be able to complete the query if you don’t know how to log in the account number and enter the query information.

In order to compare the characteristics of different query channels more clearly, the following is a simple table:

Query approach advantage disadvantage? Official website of insurance company Information is safe and reliable, with comprehensive functions. The operation is relatively complicated, so you need to register and log in. Mobile app Query anytime and anywhere, easy to operate. There may be compatibility issues. Third-party electronic invoice service platform Integrate invoice information of multiple insurance companies Need to confirm the platform reliability Business outlets of insurance companies With the guidance of a special person, it is suitable for people who are not familiar with online operation. It takes time and energy and is limited by business hours.

When inquiring about electronic invoices, the insured should choose the appropriate inquiry method and operation mode according to their actual situation. At the same time, it is necessary to properly keep the electronic invoices so that they can be checked and reimbursed when necessary.

How the noodles invented by China China are popular in Japan?

Historically, rice once occupied a supreme position in Japanese life. The Japanese once thought that food was rice, and eating rice was nothing more than adding salt. There is even a saying in Japan that "rice is rich in salt" means that as long as there is rice and salt, there is life. But now, according to a survey conducted by NHK (Japan Broadcasting Association), "Ramen (Lamian Noodles)" has become the Japanese favorite food in the New Year-noodles have reached the top of food in this rice country.

Why didn’t ancient Japanese eat wheat?

There is a folk legend in Japan that "the fox stole an ear of rice from China and took it back to Japan in a bamboo tube", so that Japan had rice. Through this legend, we know that Japanese rice culture was spread from China, and there are two ways to spread it: first, it passed through Jiangsu and Shandong, and crossed the sea from Shandong Peninsula to the south of the Korean Peninsula; The other is introduced into the northern part of the peninsula by land from North China to Northeast China, and then spread to the south. Both reached the same goal by different routes, and spread to Japan through Ma Haixia. This can be seen from the early remains of paddy fields in Japan-archaeological discoveries in the coastal area of Fukuoka in the northern part of Kyushu Island, which is closest to the southern tip of the Korean Peninsula. Subsequently, the rice cultivation technology gradually spread to the south and east with the northern part of Kyushu as the center. By the 3rd century AD, it had spread to Shikoku Island and most parts of Honshu Island. The grains unearthed in the sites of Yayoi and Gufen from the 3rd century BC to the 7th century AD were all rice.

Sites of ancient tombs

Yayoi era imagination map

Because the water and heat conditions in the Japanese archipelago are suitable for rice planting, and compared with planting coarse cereals in dry fields, rice planting is labor-saving, time-saving and high-yield. Therefore, for thousands of years, Japan’s rice production has been the first of all kinds of crops. Therefore, the Japanese call rice the king of food, and rice is a gift from heaven to Japan. Japanese people are used to eating rice, so in the history of ancient Japanese agriculture, barley and wheat are rare. In ancient Japan, people even thought it was time-consuming to eat pasta, but the saying that "the poor eat wheat" was repugnant to pasta. Although in famine years, Japanese officials often encourage the cultivation of wheat to alleviate famine and distribute seeds; However, farmers refused to buy it. Even if they were forced by the government to plant wheat, they refused to eat it as food. Instead, they cut it before it matured and sold it as horse feed, so that the Emperor had to issue a decree in 715 AD announcing that if the immature wheat was sold as horse feed, it would be severely punished.

Is it really that the taste of wheat doesn’t agree with the Japanese? In fact, it is not. The fundamental reason for boycotting wheat planting is actually that Japan lacked the technology to make flour at that time. Before the era of mechanized mass production, ancient people used a stone mill to make flour. In China during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, firstly, the stone mortar was pushed by human or animal power to process flour, and then the flour was milled by water truck, thus reducing the price of flour, making it possible for ordinary people to eat pasta, and thus making pasta appear and popularize in large numbers. According to the Japanese history book "The Book of Japan", as early as 610 AD, a Koguryo monk named Tanzheng brought the stone mill to Japan, but the Japanese couldn’t copy it. To make a stone mill, it was necessary to carry out precision processing on hard stones. However, the stonework technology in ancient Japan was underdeveloped, and it was really beyond their power to produce the stone mill. At that time, Japanese people could only grind flour with wooden mortar and pestle, but wooden mortar and pestle were only suitable for pounding rice. When wheat with hard bran was encountered, it was quite laborious to pound it, and it became very difficult to make pasta. Unlike wheat, which needs to be ground into powder to eat (the seed coat of wheat is hard, so it is very unpalatable to eat it directly), millet can be cooked directly as long as it is washed, and even eating brown rice unexpectedly makes up for the vitamins and minerals that Japanese people lack in their daily diet. After the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese army generally ate polished rice, but beriberi caused by vitamin deficiency appeared on a large scale. As a result, contrary to the folk saying that "the poor eat wheat", for a long time,Japanese pasta has become a kind of precious food monopolized by officials, nobles and senior monks.

Traditional style stone mill

Plain noodles, udon noodles, buckwheat noodles

When it comes to pasta, we can’t help but mention noodles. In 2002, in the Qijia cultural layer of the Neolithic age in Qinghai Province (the Neolithic culture in Gansu Province from 2200 BC to 1600 BC), archaeologists unearthed noodles made of millet and millet 4000 years ago, which were about 50 cm long and 0. 3 cm wide, even in thickness and bright yellow in color. This is probably the earliest known noodles. China’s invention right of "noodles" is therefore beyond doubt.

Ancient noodles unearthed in Qinghai

Before the Tang Dynasty, all foods made of wheat flour were called "noodles", and foods such as noodles, which were heated by putting wheat dough in boiling water, were called "soup cakes", but in the Song Dynasty, "noodles" were separated from "cakes" to refer to "noodles" exclusively. In Meng Liang Lu, written by Wu Zimu, which describes the bustling scene of Lin ‘an (now Hangzhou) in the Southern Song Dynasty, a noodle shop has been set up, including "silk chicken noodles", "three fresh noodles" and "fried chicken noodles", which is no different from today.

Although there was no communication between China and Japan at the national level in Song Dynasty, the cultural and economic exchanges between the two sides were still frequent. Different from the official "envoys to the Tang Dynasty", Japanese monks who entered the Song Dynasty played a vital role in the exchanges between the two sides. At that time, when Zen Buddhism was flourishing in China, most Japanese monks also wanted to study in China. While introducing Zen Buddhism to Japan, they also brought back the food culture of China monasteries at that time (all vegetarian, of course), and noodles were one of them. Some people in later generations concluded that "most epoch-making Japanese food comes from monasteries and is generally spread by monks who have experience in studying in China".

In 1241 AD, the founder of Tofuku-ji Temple in the south of Kyoto today, Shengyi Kunshi, returned from China and brought back a "water mill map" (a design of a mill made of waterwheels and gears), which finally made Japanese flour-making technology catch up with China’s level. From then on, Japanese people can taste pasta, which used to be exclusive to monks and nobles, and gradually change their views on pasta.

Schematic diagram of water mill

Kyoto Tofuku-ji Temple

What noodles did the ancient Japanese eat? The first thing that was welcomed by the Japanese was Su (Suo) noodles. Vegetarian noodles are the earliest Japanese noodles. At that time, the vegetarian noodles were all stretched by hand after the dough was kneaded repeatedly, just like the handmade Lamian Noodles, which was characterized by being long and thin, refreshing to eat, and mainly used as cold food. Next came the famous udon noodles, which were made by slicing thin dough into hot soup noodles. It is said that the troops of Takeda Shingen, the famous "Tiger of Jiafei" in the Warring States Period, used udon noodles as their food for marching. It stands to reason that udon noodles can only be made by rolling the dough thin with a rolling pin and then cutting it with a knife. Unlike making vegetarian noodles, it takes high technology to pull the dough into long strips first, but in fact udon noodles appeared in Japan as late as the 15th century. Investigate its reason, it is because the technical level of the Japanese at that time was too poor to make a chopping block! It takes a planer to make a chopping block, but it didn’t become popular in Japan until the Edo period in the 16th century. Before that, workers needed to put the blade on the front end of the stick and flatten the wood bit by bit to make a chopping block, which was very laborious.

The buckwheat noodles appeared later than udon noodles. Buckwheat itself is not sticky and easy to break, so it is not suitable for making noodles. Legend has it that in 1659, Zhu Shunshui (1600-1682), a adherent of the Ming Dynasty who stayed in Mitofan (now Ibaraki Prefecture), taught the Japanese to mix wheat flour into buckwheat flour to make it sticky and elastic, so this kind of noodle called "the most Japanese characteristic" came out. One of the reasons why soba noodles are popular is to win the favor. It is said that Japanese gold foil masters, at work, often use soba dough to touch the gold foil fragments that take off and fall everywhere. To this end, Japanese folks think buckwheat is a cash register item, so they use its auspicious saying to prepare buckwheat noodles when they are engaged, married or celebrating. Eating buckwheat noodles every other year on New Year’s Eve is also for good luck, hoping for gold and silver to enter the home, which is a mentality with China’s "more than fish every year". By the 19th century, Edo (now Tokyo), a city with a population of 1 million, had a list of 100 buckwheat noodle shops, which showed the Japanese people’s enthusiasm for this kind of noodle at that time.

Japanese udon noodles

Japanese buckwheat noodles

The Birth of "Lamian Noodles"

The same is noodles, whether udon noodles or buckwheat noodles. An important difference between Japanese noodles before modern times and Chinese noodles is that Japanese noodles are made without adding alkaline water. When wheat flour meets water, it will produce a grid-like tissue, commonly known as "gluten". Alkaline water is a kind of alkaline natural soda water containing potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate. When Chinese noodles are made, alkaline water is added, so the kneaded dough can change the protein in flour, enhance the viscosity and elasticity, and make the taste more comfortable.

正宗的中国面条迟至19世纪末、20世纪初才进入日本。1893年时,日本横滨的外国人居留地中居住着约5000名外国人,其中中国人约为3350人。而在甲午战争之后,清朝开始向日本派遣官费留学生,以后自费留学生的规模也急剧扩大。在1905年前后,在日本的中国留学生人数达到大约5万人。与此同时,无论是梁启超这样的立宪派,还是孙文这样的革命党,都将日本作为重要的活动据点,如此众多的中国人在短时间内来到日本,势必又一次将中国的饮食文化带入东瀛四岛。

大约在20世纪初期,中国面条出现在了横滨的“南京町(唐人街)”,并从这里出发,迅速征服日本人的脾胃。值得注意的是,当时的日本一心脱亚入欧,断发易服之外,连饮食也恨不得一日西化,著名思想家福泽谕吉撰文鼓吹要像西洋人一样“应该吃肉”(此前受佛教影响,日本人几乎不吃鱼肉之外的肉类)。明治天皇带头喝牛奶吃牛肉,当时的日本宫廷膳食干脆就是法式大餐。相反,对于传统的文化母国,日本则是一副鄙薄心态,印度古籍用于指代中国的“支那”一词正是在这一时期,在日本人的口中出现了贬义。在这样的背景下,中国面条在日本的传播,完全是出自食物本身的魅力。

普通的中国(苏州)羊肉面

横滨唐人街

尽管这种中国面条毫无荞麦的成分,但比起粗粗圆圆的乌冬面,形式上更接近固有的细长的荞麦面,被日本人称为“南京荞麦面”,并以其价格低廉、滋味鲜美而受到日本中下层市民的欢迎,逐渐走出“唐人街”,在日本主流社会中流行开来,名字也变成了“支那荞麦面”。第二次世界大战之后,迫于作为战胜国的中华民国政府的压力,日本官方不得不下令禁用“支那”一词。结果,不知从何时起,“支那荞麦面”又变成了“ラーメン”。这个假名的读音“ramen”极似普通话的“拉面”,显系晚近从汉语里直接借入的外来词。

(Japanese) ramen

Lamian Noodles has become a national delicacy in Japan today, mainly because the long Lamian Noodles can be matched with various vegetables and animal meat as the main materials, and seafood such as soy sauce, ginger, onion, sesame oil and various scallops or shrimps can be added to meet the dietary needs of all social classes. Therefore, there is a "Chinese Noodle Noodle Center" in Fukuoka, a "New Yokohama Lamian Noodles Museum" in Yokohama, and even a "Japan Lamian Noodles Research Association", which specializes in Lamian Noodles magazine … Lamian Noodles has become a well-deserved king of Chinese cuisine circulating in Japan.

The scene of eating Lamian Noodles in the cartoon "Chess Soul"

References:

(Han) Li Xuzheng et al. Translated by Hong Weiwei: The Road of Noodles: A Wonderful Diet Inherited for 3,000 Years, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, 2013.

Xu Jingbo: The East Wind Blows from the West: Chinese Culture in Japan, Yunnan People’s Publishing House, 2004.

Hanyang applies a new type of blind road to facilitate visually impaired people to travel.

Hubei Daily News (Reporter Jassamyn Liu, correspondent Liu Chang, Li Xingde) On April 25th, it was learned from Wuhan Hanyang Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau that in order to facilitate the visually impaired to travel, the bureau laid a new type of hot-melt blind road on several roads, which will be gradually promoted in the whole region in the future.

On Jiangcheng Avenue in Hanyang District, blind people walk on the new hot-melt blind road in this section, and there is obvious concave and convex feeling under their feet. The strip-shaped blind brick indicating the heading direction is basically the same as the permeable concrete pavement on both sides, and there is no discomfort when accidentally stepping on the brick surface. During the hundreds of meters’ journey, except for the tension caused by "invisibility", there is no feeling of slipping under the feet.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Municipal Facilities Management Section of Hanyang Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau, in the past blind road construction, concrete blind road bricks were mostly used, which were mainly laid on sidewalks. In order to ensure the practicability, safety and humanization of blind roads, Hanyang Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau draws lessons from advanced practices and listens to the opinions and suggestions of visually impaired people, taking Jiangcheng Avenue, Mohe Hubei Road and Longyang Avenue as the pilot, and gradually adopts hot melt technology to build blind roads in the whole district.

Hot-melt blind road pavement is fast, and traffic can be opened in 20 minutes after on-site construction. "Compared with the traditional concrete blind road brick, the hot-melt blind road is more durable, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and has good identification and anti-slip, which is more friendly and safer for blind friends." The person in charge introduced.

In view of the problems existing in urban blind roads, the bureau will continue to adjust some details, such as the conflict between blind roads and piles, the irregular setting of stone-missing ramps or kerb ramps, and the discontinuous interruption of blind roads, so as to ensure the safety and smoothness of visually impaired people’s walking to the greatest extent.

According to statistics, since 2023, Hanyang District Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau has concentrated its efforts on the rectification of blind roads, such as subsidence, dislocation, breakage, looseness, lack, continuous unreasonable turning around of blind roads and obstacles on blind roads. Up to now, 837 blind roads with an area of 2,114 square meters have been rectified.

Dry goods | Cross-border e-commerce VS differences in domestic e-commerce Operational articles

Dry goods | Cross-border e-commerce VS differences in domestic e-commerce Operational articles

Many companies that have made a fortune on e-commerce platforms have found that,The "record high" of platform data is actually the unprofitable prosperity of losing money and earning money..

The domestic competition is too fierce, and more people choose to swing the rudder.Sail the ship overseas.As a novice, when I first came into contact with the world of flowers and flowers abroad, did I have the feeling of going into the misty forest and longing for the guidance of the gods?

Today, this dry goods is dedicated to the bosses who entered the cross-border e-commerce. I hope all the bosses.Take fewer detours, jump less pits, and win a good start in one fell swoop.!

Selection method

Domestic selection

Havedirectionality, usually for customersRefined operational stratificationAccurate selection of products through activities.

Cross-border selection

Biased considerationSmall size, light weight, simple function and few after-sales problems.Products.

Before 2016, cross-border e-commerce products were basically from a domestic treasure or a Baba platform.

Now it’s even more challenging.Tap new market demand, control product quality and brand positioningAnd other factors, throughDeep positioning customer baseTo match related products.

one

Selection dimension

What do customers need?

Used in that scene

What is the purchasing power of the crowd?

Can the product bring high repurchase?

2

Product selection channel

You can go through seven channels, such asThird-party platform, social media, independent station, domestic channel, IP channel, SPY tool selection, American crowdfunding networkWait, finding good goods is the process of finding wealth ~

Stocking mode

Domestic e-commerce

Usually.Self-built factoryorLink factory channel, domestic warehouse stock delivery.

cross-border electricity commerce

There are many ways to stock up, and whether to stock up mainly depends on the operation mode, mainly includingDrop-shipping, mass distribution, boutique shopsThree kinds.

one

Drop-shipping mode

Also known as "one generation", merchants will haveStable supply chainchannelAnd the supplier helps it to ship overseas, without stocking, justAlways master the supply and inventory..

2

Spread goods in large quantities

That is, in the 1688 large-scale supply chain platform to find suitable products to place orders and be delivered by merchants.

three

Boutique shop

Large merchants usually build their own domestic warehouses or overseas warehouses, which need to be carried out because the products are branded or customized.Stock up in large quantities, the stocking volume is the average monthly sales.1.5 times.

The way they operate

Domestic e-commerce

bothThe underlying operational logic is different..

Domestic e-commerce focuses onStore operationMarketing promotion and brushing account for a large proportion.

The most remarkable feature is the marketing sense of "if you don’t buy, you will miss a hundred million" on its page.

cross-border electricity commerce

Focus on cross-border e-commerceBrand operationPay more attention to product quality and user experience (of course, it is also brushed abroad, but it is not so crazy).

Foreign e-commerce pages are mostly minimalist with pure white background.

Cross-border e-commerce is divided into third-party platforms and independent stations, and their operating skills and methods are quite different.

one

Third-party platform operation

Its operational core will change according to platform algorithm ranking, traffic, customer experience and performance management.

Platform algorithm determines the ranking of products.The ranking of products that meet the requirements of the algorithm will rise.

At the same time,The higher the ranking, the greater the product flow., generallyThe better the transformation effect is.This is consistent with the logic of domestic e-commerce, and the acquisition of platform public domain traffic is becoming more and more expensive.

2

Independent station operation

In addition to selecting products for independent station operation,Drainage is very important.

Generally speaking, a "mom-and-pop shop" needs itself.Master the core drainage skills of Facebook and Google.But now SaaS products are becoming more and more intelligent, and product selection and drainage can be solved through products.

mode of payment

Domestic e-commerce

The development of domestic e-commerce is very mature. Both Alipay and WeChat can be bound to credit card payment, and the process is relatively simple.

cross-border electricity commerce

Cross-border e-commerce payment involves cross-border capital flow. Whether it is PayPal, World First, Ocean payment, 2checkout, Stripe and other payment operators, the process needs to be divided intoreceive and payandsettle a foreign exchange accountTwo steps.

Third party platformandIndependent stationThe collection methods are also different.

one

Third party platform

The collection method is relatively simple, justFor payment operators with compliance operation licenses(such as PayPal, WF, Payoneer, Lianlian, Pingpong, etc.)As a collection and settlement tool and withdraw it to the company’s corporate account.Just do it.

2

Independent station

The payment method is similar to the above, but the independent station is built by the seller himself, so the collection will beConsider the mainstream payment methods of store customers.To set up.

Generally speaking, North American customers often use PayPal, while European customers are more accustomed to using credit cards, so you can set up foreign card acquiring tools such as Stripe, 2checkout, Ocean payment, Asiabill, etc.

Logistics mode

Domestic logistics

Domestic e-commerce logistics is in an oligopoly state, basicallyShunfeng+santong Yida.

Cross-border logistics

Cross-border e-commerce logistics is divided intoTouchengandTail course, methods and logistics partners have a wider choice, and according to the different national sites, they haveterritoriality.

Cross-border logistics types are mainly divided into:Self-delivery, overseas warehouse, third-party platform warehouse (such as Amazon FBA distribution).

Either way, it mainly depends on three factors: timeliness, cost and comprehensive customer experience.

one

Self-delivery

Most of them are concentrated as followsSmall package delivery, most of the channels used are China postal system or special line packets in a certain area.

2

Overseas warehouse

Mainly throughForecast the sales volume of the target marketandPrepare products to overseas warehouses in advance.(warehouses are generally provided by cooperative logistics providers), and can be provided after the store issues the order.Deliver goods from overseas warehouse to customer address., improve the timeliness.

three

Third-party platform warehouse

Prepare the products in advance toThird-party platform warehouseAfter the store issues the order,The third-party platform undertakes parcel delivery..

Collection cycle

Domestic e-commerce

Such as a treasure, the general account period is from the customer’s signing date.T+7God.

cross-border electricity commerce

Whether it is a platform or an independent station, the payment cycle is much longer than that in China.

one

Payment cycle of third-party platform

For example, Amazon’s delivery+payment time is generally30-45 daysSpecial circumstances will even be extended to60 daysIn the process, it may also involve customer complaints, returns and other issues.

2

Independent station payment cycle

It involves logistics delivery, arrival confirmation, risk control evaluation of collection platform accounts and cash withdrawal cycle. Therefore, the payment time cannot be generalized.

If it is a new PayPal account registered by a new seller, the risk control lending time may be extended, and the general extension time is21 daysAfter thawing, the time for applying for cash withdrawal and receiving the account isT+7 days.

The duration of the credit card payment part is longer, andDepends on the seller’s risk control levelGenerally, when there is no customer complaint or non-payment, the time after lending isT+15 days.

customer service

Domestic e-commerce

Whether it is a platform or a WeChat social e-commerce, the most basic requirements for customer service areConsultation second return.

cross-border electricity commerce

The main responsibility of cross-border e-commerce customer service is to maintain the account, and the questions raised by customers only need to beEmail reply within 24 hoursJust do it.

The difference in operation mode determinesBusiness model after starting a business.

In this part, cross-border e-commerce and domestic e-commerce put forward different requirements for the ability of entrepreneurial teams.

What kind of ability does your team have more? Or do you prefer to build a team with what ability?

(Source: Cross-border old guns)

The above content belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hugo’s cross-border position! This article is reproduced with the authorization of the original author, and it needs the authorization and consent of the original author.

Astronomical expert: February 3 rd in beginning of spring is very rare. The last time it happened was 120 years ago.

  Xinhua News Agency, Tianjin, February 2 (Reporter Zhou Runjian) beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar. In many people’s impression, February 4th is usually the right day in beginning of spring, but this year it is February 3rd in beginning of spring. Astronomical experts said that the 3rd beginning of spring is rare, the last time happened in 1897, 120 years ago, and the next time happened in 2021.

  It is understood that 24 solar terms is divided according to the position of the sun on the ecliptic (that is, the earth’s orbit around the sun). Depending on the sun starting from vernal equinox (longitude zero, at this moment the sun shines vertically on the equator), every 15 degrees forward is a solar term; After running for a week, I returned to vernal equinox, which is a tropical year, which is 360 degrees, so it is divided into 24 solar terms.

  Shi Zhicheng, a member of Chinese Astronomical Society and director of Tianjin Astronomical Society, said that the length of a tropical year is 365.2422 days, so the average time period of each solar term in the Gregorian calendar year is about 15.25 days, and its starting date is generally fixed. However, the annual apparent motion of the sun is not uniform, and the length of the calendar year is also different, with 365 days in a normal year and 366 days in a leap year, so the specific time of solar terms will change slightly.

  For the same solar term, every year is 6 hours or 5 hours behind the previous year, and in leap years, it is 24 hours ahead of schedule. In this way, the reflection on the date is that the same solar term remains unchanged or lags behind by one day in the normal year and the previous year; In leap year, it remains the same as the previous year or one day earlier. In this way, the starting point of the same solar term has three different Gregorian calendar dates. Take beginning of spring as an example, there are three situations: 3 February, 4 February and 5 February.

  Shi Zhicheng said that the statistics from 1900 to 2000 showed that there were only February 4th and February 5th in beginning of spring, but there was no February 3rd, while the statistics from this century showed that there were only February 3rd and February 4th, but there was no February 5th in beginning of spring.

  "According to the astronomical almanac, beginning of spring is the most common on the 4th. Although beginning of spring on the 3 rd or 5 th is rare, it is also a normal calendar phenomenon, and the public should face it with a normal heart. " Shi Zhicheng stressed.

Access network: making e-wallet more secure

Data source: People’s Bank of China, Network Clearing Co., Ltd. Drawing: Cai Huawei

  The online payment business involving bank accounts needs to be cleared through the network, and the capital channel is more transparent, but the payment experience is not affected.

  Liu Manning, who lives in Tongzhou District, Beijing, placed 14 orders in Taobao this year, and paid by China Merchants Bank credit card bound by Alipay, spending more than 10,000 yuan. "Most of the things I bought were not pre-sold, so I quickly placed an order for payment just after zero. At that time, it was definitely the peak period of snapping up, but the payment process was very smooth and there was no stagnation when paying. " Liu Manning said.

  The central bank stipulates that all third-party online payment services involving bank accounts are cleared through the network. The full name of the network is the network payment and clearing platform of non-bank payment institutions. Whether consumers transfer money from a savings card to a WeChat red envelope, or transfer the balance of Alipay to a bank card for cash withdrawal, or pay through a credit card bound by Jingdong wallet, the network connection plays a key role in the behind-the-scenes liquidation process.

  As an important financial infrastructure, Netlink has access to more than 400 banks and all 115 licensed online payment institutions including Alipay and Tenpay (WeChat Pay).

  Before the establishment of the network, online payment institutions directly connected with banks for liquidation, which easily caused problems such as multi-head liquidation and unclear capital flow. For example, buying a pair of shoes from 300 yuan in Tmall, in short, the liquidation mode of the network connection is: consumers choose the savings card of China Construction Bank bound by Alipay to pay; When Alipay receives the payment request, it automatically initiates the agreement payment to Netlink, which saves the transaction information in the database and forwards the request to CCB. After 300 yuan was deducted from the consumer’s account, CCB informed the network that the deduction had been successful; Netlink then informed Alipay that the payment was successful and the transaction was completed.

  From the payment data released by the central bank in the third quarter of this year, we can get a glimpse of the rapid growth of online business. The data shows that Netlink handled 33.655 billion transactions in the third quarter, amounting to 12.68 trillion yuan; The daily average processing business was 366 million transactions, an increase of 3.09 times compared with the second quarter; The average daily processing amount was 137.822 billion yuan, up 3.65 times from the previous month.

  However, when consumers pay for goods, they may not be aware of the changes brought by the network connection, which is mainly due to the optimization of the back-end clearing system, which will not have much impact on the front-end operation behavior and usage habits.

  What impact will access to the network bring to the payment institution? The person in charge of the payment institution serving an e-commerce platform said: "At the beginning of May this year, we cut some e-commerce businesses to the network for liquidation, which improved the user payment experience in a short time. By analyzing the data of 40 days before and after cutting, we found that the success rate of user card binding increased by 2.34 percentage points, and the success rate of PC-side fast payment increased by 2.39 percentage points. "

  "double 11" is a big test for the network. According to the data provided by Netlink, since November this year, more than 90% of the online payment services jointly carried out by payment institutions and commercial banks have been handled through Netlink. On the day of "double 11", Netlink handled 1.17 billion inter-agency payment transactions, and the corresponding peak value of inter-agency transaction processing exceeded 92,000 transactions per second, which also set a record for clearing institutions at home and abroad.

  "double 11" is the peak of online payment over the years, and the peak time has repeatedly set a global concurrent peak record, which brings great challenges to the system capacity and line bandwidth of the participants, and is a centralized test of the scientific and technological capabilities of the participants. Xue Hongyan, director of Internet Finance Center of Suning Financial Research Institute, thinks that the processing performance and peak load-carrying capacity of Netlink have been verified and recognized by the market from the situation of "double 11" this year.

  "Disconnecting direct connection" leaves traces everywhere in the transaction, making the payment account safer and the operation and maintenance cost of the payment institution lower.

  In recent years, the rapid expansion of online payment services has played a positive role in supporting economic development and the convenience of people’s lives, on the other hand, it has also brought some problems.

  The person in charge of a small and medium-sized payment institution was very touched by this: "Before the establishment of the network, our company mainly settled through the agency model, which is the so-called’ direct connection’. At that time, we established a total of eight clearing channels with eight banks. However, in this mode, because the interface standards and security specifications between these clearing systems are different, our operation and maintenance costs are pushed to a particularly high level. "

  Under the traditional "direct connection" mode, the management of customer reserve fund is also a difficult point. After consumers buy goods online, the payment they made before receiving the goods has been kept in the bank account opened by the online payment institution, which is the customer reserve. From the time the payment institution receives the payment to the merchant, the customer’s reserve fund will stay in its account for a period of time, and the reserve fund will also be misappropriated, which will endanger the security of the payment account.

  The safety of capital flow has attracted much attention. Yan Lidong, a member of the expert committee of China Supply Chain Financial Services Alliance, said that in the past, after a number of banks set up accounts, online payment institutions were able to complete all payment transactions, which essentially enabled the inter-bank clearing function. Because the capital flow and information flow only circulate in the payment institution itself, the supervisor can only see the changes of funds in the bank account of the payment institution, but can’t effectively supervise the possible violations in the payment process.

  After the establishment of the network, these chaos is expected to be gradually improved. Zhao Yi, a special researcher at the Research Center for Payment and Clearing of the Institute of Finance of China Academy of Social Sciences, said that the original intention of the establishment of the network link was to "break the direct connection". "Broken direct connection" can leave traces everywhere in the transaction, help to monitor the flow of funds, maintain the stability of the payment system and ensure financial stability. A large-scale clearing platform dedicated to third-party payment institutions is also unique in the world.

  Zhao Wei believes that, on the one hand, the network connection adopts a unified access platform, technical standards and message specifications, which not only saves the repeated construction costs of online payment institutions and banks, but also reduces the post-maintenance costs caused by inconsistent standards. On the other hand, after access to the network, the operation and maintenance costs and channel barriers of small and medium-sized payment institutions will be reduced, and they can get equal opportunities to compete with large institutions at the liquidation level, and they can focus on product innovation and customer service. The competition among all kinds of payment institutions will be carried out in enriching payment scenarios, facilitating financial services and enhancing customer experience in the future.

  "The network is centralized and liquidated, all black-box operations will be exposed to the sun, and the safety of users’ funds can be guaranteed to the greatest extent." Zhao Yi said that according to the plan, customers’ reserve funds will be deposited in the special deposit account of the central bank for centralized custody, and it is expected that the phenomenon that payment institutions only focus on increasing the scale of reserve funds and endangering the safety of consumers’ funds will be curbed.

  "The centralized depository system introduced by the central bank is not only for the need to protect the safety of customers’ funds of third-party payment institutions, but also based on the basic principles of financial supervision, which brings all kinds of’ innovations’ carried out by payment institutions based on customers’ reserve funds into a more prudent supervision category." Zhao Wei said.

  There is a big platform behind the "small wallet", and future funds may be transferred between various "wallets"

  "Some time ago, the typhoon Mangosteen hit Shenzhen. At that time, I was hiding at home and could only pass the time by online shopping. " Liu Xiaohui, who works in Shenzhen, said, "I placed a few orders with my mobile phone. I thought that the typhoon was coming and the payment would be affected. I didn’t expect it to be as smooth as usual."

  The ability of "disaster tolerance" is greatly enhanced, which is one of the characteristics of the network. Using the distributed cloud architecture system, Networked has established six data centers in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. Compared with the traditional "two places and three centers" architecture, the six data centers of Networked Network provide services to the outside world at the same time and back up each other, which means that any one of the computer rooms has a major failure, and other computer rooms can still provide services smoothly. "When Typhoon Mangosteen hit Shenzhen, we switched the business of Shenzhen data center to other cities in advance, so customer transactions were not affected at all." The relevant person in charge of the network introduced.

  "The network signal of the supermarket downstairs in our house is not good. Every time I have to pay for something after I buy it, I have a special headache. I don’t know if I have paid successfully." Wu Lifang, who works in Shanghai, said. As payment and clearing involves information transmission between systems of different market participants, it is inevitable that there will be abnormal situations, such as the payment institution prompting consumers that the transaction failed, but the bank has actually deducted money.

  "We invited payment institutions and bank personnel to jointly design an automatic reversal solution, which achieved full coverage of all national commercial banks. Take ICBC as an example. For a transaction paid by agreement, if Networked fails to get the result returned by ICBC within the agreed closing time, the final state of the transaction is determined as’ presumed failure’, and Networked will send the final notice to ICBC; If it is found that the deduction has been made, the ICBC system will directly correct it according to this notice, and the deducted money will be immediately returned to the consumer account, and the consumer can pay again. " The relevant person in charge of the network said.

  "If the clearing technology can’t keep up, it will be difficult for payment institutions to carry out business innovation on the client side, and the emergence of network connection has a decisive impact on the reform of third-party payment business model." Zhao Wei said that the primary task of the network now is to continue to promote the "broken direct connection" and prevent and resolve various risks brought by the "direct connection" model. While doing a good job of auxiliary supervision, the future network can consider using its own advantages to become a platform to support the innovation and development of the payment industry and make people’s e-wallets safer and better to use.

  Zhao Wei introduced that a fast payment system called "Fast Revolution" was launched in Hong Kong in September this year. The highlight was the mutual transfer between Octopus, Alipay and Tenpay. "The establishment of the network link will help promote interoperability across payment platforms and guide the coordinated development of non-bank and bank payment systems. After accessing the network, there is no obstacle to the mutual transfer of accounts between payment institutions at the technical level. Whether and when it can be landed requires the efforts and promotion of all parties. " Zhao Wei said. (Reporter Ge Mengchao)

(Original title: After accessing the network, the industry ecology among online payment institutions will become more balanced, the payment scenarios will become more abundant, and customers will have new experiences-making e-wallets safer)

The central bank answered questions on the Measures for the Administration of Reports on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions

  CCTV News:According to the website of the People’s Bank of China, recently, the People’s Bank of China issued the Measures for the Administration of Reports on Large Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions (Order No.3 [2016] of the People’s Bank of China, hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which will be implemented on July 1, 2017. A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the People’s Bank of China answered a reporter’s question about the Administrative Measures.

  1. What is the background and main significance of the Administrative Measures?

  The Administrative Measures, in combination with domestic work practice and international standards, revised and integrated the existing two regulations, namely, the Administrative Measures for Reporting Large Transactions and Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]) and the Administrative Measures for Reporting Suspicious Transactions of Financial Institutions Suspected of Terrorist Financing (Order No.1 of the People’s Bank of China [2007]).

  Since the implementation of the above two regulations in 2007, in the initial stage of China’s anti-money laundering work, they have played a positive role in guiding financial institutions to effectively fulfill their suspicious transaction reporting obligations. However, with the development and changes of the domestic and international situation and the deepening of anti-money laundering work, problems such as excessive defensive reports and insufficient effective reports have gradually emerged, which have affected the effectiveness of anti-money laundering work. To this end, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Anti-Money Laundering Work of Financial Institutions (Yinfa [2008] No.391) and the Notice on Defining the Relevant Implementation Issues of the Suspicious Transaction Reporting System (Yinfa [2010] No.48) and other normative documents to regulate how financial institutions can effectively fulfill their obligations of reporting suspicious transactions and avoid simply grabbing and submitting transactions that meet the suspicious transaction reporting standards through the system. In 2012, the People’s Bank of China selected 37 corporate financial institutions across the country to carry out comprehensive pilot projects on suspicious transaction reports, requiring the pilot institutions to independently define transaction monitoring standards in light of their own conditions, and submit suspicious transaction reports on the basis of reasonable suspicion in combination with manual analysis. These efforts have laid a solid foundation for the revision of the existing two regulations and the promulgation of the Administrative Measures. At the same time, the current reporting standards for large transactions can no longer fully meet the actual needs of anti-money laundering and combating and curbing related upstream crimes, so it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments to the reporting standards for large transactions.

  In 2014, the People’s Bank of China officially launched the revision of regulations, repeatedly studied and demonstrated, and twice organized nationwide to solicit opinions and suggestions from financial institutions to ensure the scientificity and feasibility of the Administrative Measures. The Administrative Measures clarify the new requirements for financial institutions to effectively fulfill the obligation of reporting suspicious transactions at the regulatory level, which is helpful for financial institutions to improve the effectiveness of reporting suspicious transactions, to prevent and curb criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, to maintain the security and stability of China’s financial system, and to further integrate with international standards.

  2. What are the main considerations for requiring financial institutions to report large-value transactions and suspicious transactions?

  According to the Anti-Money Laundering Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), reporting large transactions and suspicious transactions is one of the three core anti-money laundering obligations that financial institutions should perform, and it also lays a solid data foundation for the People’s Bank of China to carry out monitoring and analysis of anti-money laundering funds transactions according to law. In practice, financial institutions automatically capture and submit large transactions through the system, and discover and submit suspicious transaction reports through customer identification, keeping customer identity data and transaction records, and conducting transaction monitoring and analysis. Based on the reports of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions submitted by financial institutions, the People’s Bank of China conducts active analysis, investigation analysis and international mutual investigation, transfers case clues to law enforcement departments according to law, and works with relevant departments to prevent and curb money laundering and terrorist financing and maintain financial security.

  Three, compared with the current regulations, what are the main changes in the "management measures"?

  The changes in the Administrative Measures mainly include the following four aspects: First, the requirements for reporting suspicious transactions based on "reasonable suspicion" are clarified, and the requirements for establishing and improving transaction monitoring standards, transaction analysis and identification, monitoring of terrorism-related lists, establishment of monitoring systems and record keeping are added, while the reporting standards for suspicious transactions in banking, securities and futures industries and insurance industries that are no longer in line with the development of the situation are deleted from the original regulations. Second, the RMB reporting standard for large cash transactions was adjusted from "200,000 yuan" to "50,000 yuan", and the statistical methods of large transfer transactions of financial institutions and the reporting time limit of suspicious transactions were adjusted. Third, the scope of application of the new regulations and the reporting standards for large-scale cross-border transactions in RMB are added. The reporting standard for large cross-border transactions denominated in RMB is "RMB 200,000". Fourthly, the contents of transaction report elements are adjusted, such as "Payee Matching Number" and "Equipment Code for Off-Counter Transaction" are added, and the elements such as "Report Date", "Filler" and "Name of Financial Institution" are deleted, and a more streamlined General Suspicious Transaction Report Element is designed.

  4. What is the scope of application of the Administrative Measures? When will it take effect?

  The Administrative Measures are applicable to institutions legally established in People’s Republic of China (PRC) that should perform anti-money laundering obligations according to the Anti-Money Laundering Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other laws and regulations, mainly including policy banks, commercial banks, rural cooperative banks, rural credit cooperatives, village banks, securities companies, futures companies, fund management companies, insurance companies, insurance asset management companies, insurance professional agencies and insurance brokerage companies. Trust companies, financial asset management companies, enterprise group finance companies, financial leasing companies, auto finance companies, consumer finance companies, money brokerage companies, loan companies and non-bank payment institutions. Among them, "insurance professional agency company", "insurance brokerage company", "consumer finance company" and "loan company" are the newly added scope of application of the Administrative Measures.

  The Administrative Measures came into effect on July 1, 2017. Considering that it will take some time for financial institutions to revise their systems, build their own trading monitoring standards and transform their systems. Therefore, the "Administrative Measures" gave financial institutions a transition period of half a year after their promulgation and before their implementation.

  V. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for reporting large transactions? Is it necessary to submit a large transaction report for cross-border capital transactions?

  The reporting standards for large-value transactions stipulated in the Administrative Measures are as follows: First, large-value cash transactions of natural persons and non-natural persons, with domestic and cross-border reporting standards of RMB 50,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 10,000 or more. Second, it is a large transfer transaction in a non-natural person’s bank account. The domestic and cross-border reporting standards are more than RMB 2 million and the foreign currency equivalent is more than USD 200,000. Third, large-sum transfer transactions in natural person’s bank accounts, with domestic reporting standards of RMB 500,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 100,000 or more, and cross-border reporting standards of RMB 200,000 or more and foreign currency equivalent of USD 10,000 or more.

  For cross-border capital transactions, financial institutions shall submit large transaction reports. For example, if a natural person remits $10,000 overseas by cash or transfer through a banking institution, the banking institution that handles the business needs to report this transaction as a large transaction. The reporting standard for large-value cross-border transfer transactions of natural person customers "more than RMB 200,000" is a new standard in the Administrative Measures. The main considerations are as follows: First, with the gradual promotion of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect, the cross-border business of domestic residents will be gradually liberalized, and the cross-border RMB business of individual residents will be more frequent. Special RMB reporting standards will be designed to facilitate the regulatory authorities to grasp the cross-border RMB transaction data in time and carry out risk monitoring. Second, according to the existing system, the daily limit of cross-border RMB remittance between Hong Kong residents’ individual accounts with the same name and Taiwan Province residents’ individual accounts is 50,000 yuan, and cross-border RMB business under personal trade of residents is subject to unlimited management. The Notice on Optimizing the Information Submission Process of RMB Cross-border Receipt and Payment Information Management System (Yin Ban Fa [2013] No.188) stipulates that banks can submit individual RMB cross-border receipts and payments with a single amount of less than 200,000 yuan (inclusive), but they need to keep the detailed information one by one. On the whole, the reporting standard of large-scale cross-border transfer transactions of natural person customers in the Administrative Measures is determined as "more than RMB 200,000", which can strengthen the statistical monitoring of cross-border RMB transactions and better prevent risks related to cross-border RMB transactions.

  It should be noted that according to the Administrative Measures, the People’s Bank of China can adjust the reporting standards for large transactions according to the needs of work.

  Six, the "Administrative Measures" will report large cash transactions as "RMB 50,000" and "foreign currency equivalent of 10,000 US dollars". What are the main considerations?

  The Administrative Measures stipulate that financial institutions shall submit large-value transaction reports for cash deposits, cash withdrawals, cash settlement and sale, cash exchange, cash remittance, cash bill payment and other forms of cash receipts and payments with a single or cumulative transaction of more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000) and a foreign currency equivalent of more than US$ 10,000 (including US$ 10,000) on that day. For example, if a natural person purchases US dollar cash with RMB cash through a banking institution, and the single or cumulative transaction on the same day is more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000), the banking institution handling the business needs to report this transaction as a large transaction.

  The "Administrative Measures" will adjust the reporting standard for large cash transactions from the current RMB 200,000 to RMB 50,000. The main considerations are:

  First of all, strengthening cash management is an important part of anti-money laundering work. The international anti-money laundering supervision standards in the cash field are mostly strict. For example, the starting point for reporting large cash transactions in the United States, Canada and Australia is US$ 10,000 (or equivalent foreign currency), and the regulatory authorities can further lower the reporting standards for cash transactions in order to crack down on illegal and criminal activities in specific fields according to legal authorization. Secondly, the popularity, development and innovation of non-cash payment tools facilitate non-cash transactions, and residents’ preference for cash use is gradually changing. Normal payment needs can be met more quickly and safely through non-cash payment tools, which provides favorable conditions for strengthening cash management. Finally, the development of China’s anti-corruption, taxation, balance of payments and other fields also requires strengthening cash management to prevent the risk of using large cash transactions to engage in corruption, tax evasion, evasion of foreign exchange management and other illegal activities.

  7. Does the Administrative Measures require non-bank payment institutions to submit large transaction reports?

  The relevant provisions of the Administrative Measures apply to non-bank payment institutions. At present, the People’s Bank of China has more specific requirements on the anti-money laundering obligations that non-bank payment institutions should perform, such as the Administrative Measures on Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing of Payment Institutions (Yinfa [2012] No.54). After the "Administrative Measures" come into effect, the People’s Bank of China will revise and improve the reporting requirements for large transactions and suspicious transactions of non-bank payment institutions in a timely manner according to the actual situation.

  Eight, "management measures" whether there are provisions on large transactions without reporting?

  There are relevant regulations. According to the Administrative Measures, the types of large-value transactions exempted from reporting by financial institutions mainly include fixed-activity mutual transfer transactions under the name of the same customer of the same financial institution, transactions in which one party is the party, government and military organs, inter-bank transactions of financial institutions, taxation handled by banking institutions, correction of wrong accounts, interest payment, etc.

  9. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for suspicious transaction reports?

  The Administrative Measures stipulate that financial institutions shall submit suspicious transaction reports when they find or have reasonable reasons to suspect that customers, customers’ funds or other assets, customers’ transactions or attempted transactions are related to criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, regardless of the amount of funds involved or the value of assets. That is, to report suspicious transactions on the basis of "reasonable suspicion". Specific requirements mainly include:

  First, financial institutions should monitor suspicious transactions throughout all aspects of financial business. Financial institutions should not only take reasonable measures to identify suspicious transaction clues in the process of customer identification, but also find out whether customers, funds or other assets and transactions are related to illegal and criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing through screening, reviewing and analyzing transaction data. For ongoing transactions or transactions that customers try to carry out, financial institutions should also submit suspicious transaction reports if they find or have reasonable reasons to suspect that they are involved in money laundering and terrorist financing.

  Second, financial institutions should also pay attention to whether customers’ funds or assets are related to criminal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing. Assets include but are not limited to bank deposits, remittances, traveler’s checks, postal orders, insurance policies, bills of lading, warehouse receipts, stocks, bonds, bills of exchange and letters of credit, houses, vehicles, ships, goods, and other legal documents and certificates that prove the ownership and other rights and interests of assets in electronic or digital form.

  Third, financial institutions submit suspicious transaction reports, and there is no requirement for the starting amount of funds or assets. If the amount of fund transactions suspected of terrorist financing activities may be small, financial institutions should still submit suspicious transaction reports according to the Administrative Measures.

  Fourth, financial institutions should submit suspicious transaction reports within the prescribed time. The Administrative Measures stipulate that a financial institution shall "submit a suspicious transaction report in a timely manner within 5 working days at the latest after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to its internal operating procedures for suspicious transaction reporting".

  In order to implement these requirements, financial institutions should, in accordance with the Administrative Measures, formulate suspicious transaction reporting systems and operating procedures, provide sufficient human resources and support for suspicious transaction reporting, establish and improve self-defined transaction monitoring standards, establish a fully functional and well-functioning monitoring system, do a good job in monitoring terrorist lists, strengthen manual analysis and identification of abnormal transactions with early warning by the system, keep relevant work records, and abide by confidentiality requirements.

  X. The Administrative Measures defines the time limit for reporting suspicious transactions as "to submit the suspicious transaction report in a timely manner within 5 working days at the latest after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to the internal operating rules of this institution". What are the main considerations?

  The original Administrative Measures on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transaction Reports of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]) required financial institutions to submit suspicious transaction reports within 10 working days after suspicious transactions occurred. However, under the new mode of reporting suspicious transactions based on "reasonable suspicion" in the Administrative Measures, there may be a big difference between the time when suspicious transactions occur and the time when suspicious transactions are identified and confirmed, which makes the original reporting time limit difficult to operate. The international common practice is to require financial institutions to submit suspicious transaction reports in time after confirming suspicious transactions. Therefore, the "Administrative Measures" defines the time limit for suspicious transaction reporting as "to submit the suspicious transaction report in time, no later than 5 working days, after it is confirmed as suspicious transaction according to the internal operating rules of the institution for suspicious transaction reporting".

  It should be noted that "five working days" does not mean that financial institutions must complete all links from abnormal transaction warning to manual analysis and judgment within five working days, and submit suspicious transaction reports to China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center, but that financial institutions should submit suspicious transaction reports within five working days after being confirmed as suspicious transactions through internal early warning and analysis.

  XI. What are the specific requirements of the Administrative Measures for financial institutions to monitor terrorism-related lists?

  According to the Administrative Measures, financial institutions should follow the following requirements when monitoring the terrorism-related list: First, financial institutions should ensure the completeness and accuracy of the terrorism-related list and update it in time. Second, the scope of monitoring the terrorism-related list of financial institutions should cover all customers and their counterparties, funds or other assets. Third, financial institutions should conduct real-time monitoring of the terrorism-related list. Fourth, financial institutions should immediately conduct retrospective investigations on all their customers or their counterparties after the adjustment of the terrorism-related list. Fifth, if financial institutions have reasonable reasons to suspect that customers or their counterparties, funds or other assets are related to the terrorism-related list, they should immediately report them as key suspicious transactions and take freezing measures in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Assets Freezing Related to Terrorist Activities (Order No.1 of the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Bank of China [2014]).

  It should be noted that financial institutions are obligated to perform the monitoring of terrorism-related lists, and they have the responsibility to actively obtain and master the list of terrorist organizations and terrorist personnel released and updated by the competent departments of the state. In order to facilitate financial institutions to grasp relevant information in a timely manner, the People’s Bank of China publishes the list of terrorism-related information under the anti-money laundering column of the official website, and the relevant supervision and management departments will also forward the list that needs to be implemented and concerned to the regulated institutions.

  Twelve, the "Management Measures" require financial institutions to be equipped with full-time personnel to be responsible for reporting large transactions and suspicious transactions. What are the main considerations?

  In practice, whether financial institutions conduct timely and effective analysis and treatment of abnormal transactions with early warning system, or pay close attention to the adjustment of terrorism-related lists at home and abroad at any time, and conduct retrospective investigation in time, they all put forward higher requirements for the professionalism and sufficient number of institutional personnel. Therefore, the board of directors and senior management of financial institutions should attach great importance to the reporting of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, and allocate enough full-time personnel to take charge of related work. By optimizing the workflow of reporting large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, they should do basic work such as customer identification, identity data and transaction record preservation, improve the setting of transaction monitoring indicators and related system functions and other supporting measures to ensure that full-time personnel can effectively carry out monitoring and analysis work.

  Thirteen, in recent years, what measures has the People’s Bank of China taken to improve the suspicious transaction reporting system?

  Since the promulgation of the Administrative Measures on Large-value Transactions and Suspicious Transaction Reports of Financial Institutions (Order No.2 of the People’s Bank of China [2006]), the People’s Bank of China has been actively taking measures to improve the suspicious transaction reporting system and promote the effective implementation of the suspicious transaction reporting system. For example, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued a series of normative documents, such as the Notice on Further Strengthening the Anti-Money Laundering Work of Financial Institutions (Yinfa [2008] No.391) and the Notice on Defining the Implementation Issues of the Suspicious Transaction Reporting System (Yinfa [2010] No.48), to clearly distinguish the different regulatory requirements for abnormal transaction reports from suspicious transaction reports, so as to reduce the defensive reporting behavior of financial institutions. In 2012, the People’s Bank of China launched a comprehensive pilot project of suspicious transaction reporting with independent definition of abnormal transaction monitoring indicators in 37 corporate financial institutions to test the effectiveness and feasibility of the new model of independent definition of monitoring indicators. Since 2013, the People’s Bank of China has successively issued suspicious transaction types and identification points for upstream crimes of money laundering, such as illegal fund-raising, underground money houses, terrorist financing, etc., issued multiple risk warnings, and issued a notice to strengthen the monitoring of terrorism-related lists and fugitives lists, guiding financial institutions to do a good job in monitoring and analyzing suspicious transactions and monitoring lists. At the same time, through law enforcement inspection, supervision visits, classification and rating and other regulatory measures, financial institutions are urged to continuously improve suspicious transaction reporting and improve the quality of suspicious transaction reporting.

  XIV. What progress has financial institutions made in suspicious transaction reporting in recent years?

  Financial institutions have been strengthening and improving the monitoring and analysis of suspicious transactions and list monitoring in accordance with the requirements of the People’s Bank of China, and the effectiveness of suspicious transaction reporting has been continuously improved. At present, financial institutions have generally strengthened the manual analysis and identification of abnormal transactions. Financial institutions have participated in the comprehensive pilot work of suspicious transaction reports with independent definition of abnormal transaction monitoring standards as the core, and implemented the requirements of suspicious transaction types, identification points, risk warnings and list monitoring issued by the People’s Bank of China. The ability of financial institutions to define abnormal transaction monitoring standards has been verified and strengthened, and the professionalism and intelligence of monitoring and analysis have been continuously improved. While the overall number of suspicious transaction reports has dropped significantly, the quality of reports has improved significantly, and the number of clues transformed into cases has increased significantly, which has provided strong support for the country to prevent and combat money laundering and related crimes.

  15. What will the People’s Bank of China do to guide financial institutions to effectively implement the relevant requirements of the Administrative Measures?

  In order to guide financial institutions to effectively implement the Administrative Measures, the People’s Bank of China will fully listen to the opinions and suggestions of financial institutions, issue supporting normative documents as soon as possible, clarify specific work requirements such as suspicious transaction continuation report and suspicious transaction analysis report process, and issue relevant guidelines for financial institutions to formulate transaction monitoring standards in combination with industry best practices, guide financial institutions to establish and improve transaction monitoring standards and improve transaction monitoring systems, and strengthen guidance and training for small and medium-sized financial institutions. At the same time, the People’s Bank of China will issue specific reporting formats and reporting requirements for reporting elements of large-value transactions and suspicious transactions, and guide financial institutions to do a good job in the development of transaction reporting data interfaces and related systems. The People’s Bank of China is also stepping up the construction of the second-generation anti-money laundering monitoring and analysis system to provide more powerful system support for the monitoring and analysis of large and suspicious transaction reports.

The BMW i4 is balanced in all aspects, and the exterior interior is sci-fi.

If you have requirements for the power of the vehicle, besides the engine parameters, you should actually care about some other data. Today, Xiaobian picked a car in a medium-sized car and introduced it to everyone. It is. Let’s take you to appreciate its style.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face of BMW i4 feels very tough and looks simple. Coupled with the avant-garde headlights, it is very visually impactful. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4785 mm * 1852 mm * 1455 mm. The car adopts fashionable and simple lines, and the car body looks very cool. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very comfortable feeling. In the design of the rear end, the rear end and the front face echo each other from a distance, and the taillights present a fashionable and generous design style, and the sense of neatness is vivid.

Sitting in the car, the interior of BMW i4 enhances the sense of visual dignity, and the overall design is very capable. The steering wheel of the car is very simple in shape and made of genuine leather, giving people an impulse to control it. From the central control point of view, the car is decorated with a personalized touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks very fashionable. The dashboard and seats are equally eye-catching, and the dashboard design is remarkable, highlighting the trendy temperament. The car uses leather seats, which are wide and thick, and the overall comfort is acceptable.

The BMW i4 matches the gearbox, which is 400KW and 795N.m, and its power performance is good.

Next, look at the configuration. The BMW i4 is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations.

I wonder if you are excited about this car introduced today? As long as you like it, go ahead and buy it.

The 4th Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum was held.

The 4th Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum was held.
Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office unveiled.

Hainan Daily, Hong Kong, December 13th (Hainan Daily, all-media reporter   Shao Changchun) The 4th Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum was held in Hong Kong on December 13th. The forum specially set up the theme of "Giving full play to the opening advantages of Hainan Free Trade Port and promoting the innovation and development with China characteristics". On the same day, the Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office was unveiled, and relevant parties signed a memorandum on talent cooperation between Hainan Free Trade Port and Greater Bay Area.

This year’s "Fourth Hong Kong International Talent Summit Forum" is based on the theme of "Talent Leading, Innovation Driving, Empowering New Quality Productivity", focusing on consolidating and upgrading Hong Kong’s position as an international financial, shipping and trade center, building a highland for high-end talents in Hong Kong, giving full play to the opening advantages of Hainan Free Trade Port and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s talent cooperation and linkage, and empowering the country’s high-quality development.

In order to further promote the in-depth cooperation between Qionggang and Hong Kong in the field of talents and improve the service level and energy level of talents in the two places, the Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office was officially unveiled at the summit. It is reported that the Qionggang Talent Cooperation Office was jointly established by Hong Kong Talent Group and Hainan Talent Group, and is committed to providing market-oriented and professional services for enterprises and talent exchanges between the two places.

At the meeting, Hainan Talent Group also signed a Memorandum on Talent Cooperation between Hainan Free Trade Port and Greater Bay Area with five associations and societies in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to jointly plan and promote a number of talent cooperation projects between Hainan and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, push Hainan Free Trade Port and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to move in the opposite direction, and help the strategic linkage between the two countries go deeper and deeper.

It is worth mentioning that, in addition to showing Hainan’s situation, development achievements, industrial layout, open and inclusive talent policies and geographical advantages to the guests through the promotion meeting, Hainan Talent Group also brought 44 market entities in our province, with a total of 167 positions, and more than 700 talents needed to recruit talents, of which postdoctoral positions accounted for over 40%. The activity received positive response from relevant institutions and talents in Hong Kong. On the same day, Hainan employers held an intention signing ceremony with representatives of young talents in Hong Kong.

Test drive the new Mercedes-Benz EQE first, and experience the new benchmark of luxury quality life.

Since Mercedes-Benz launched EQS, which is known as the high-end luxury flagship, it recently launched its first joint-venture domestic pure electric vehicle based on EVA platform, EQE, with a price range of 528-585,000 yuan. The price range of 500,000 is the mainstream market of pure electric luxury cars in China, so what is the driving impression of this medium and large luxury pure electric car produced according to the standard of "Made in China, Global Quality"? A few days ago, we experienced a real car in a 4S shop. Let’s find out!

The new EQE is the first pure electric vehicle of Mercedes -EQ brand developed in China based on EVA platform, and it is a milestone on the road of "all-electric" transformation of Mercedes-Benz. The new EQE has been further upgraded on the basis of inheriting many EQS pioneer luxury designs and excellent configurations, and has perfectly integrated the practicality of cars with the elegance of four-door coupe, creating a brand-new luxury market segment.

The coupe is both practical and luxurious, both inside and outside.

Mercedes-Benz EQE follows EQS’s pioneering and luxurious design style in appearance design, creating a harmonious and smooth coupe posture with a length of 4,969 mm and a wheelbase of 3,120 mm. The bow design created by pure electric platform brings ultra-low drag coefficient as low as 0.22, revealing elegance and luxury from the bones.

Appearance: elegant pioneer exquisite texture

Mercedes-Benz EQE comes standard with adaptive far and near light, and the high-profile models are also equipped with 1.3 million pixel intelligent digital headlights, which can realize accurate beam distribution according to road conditions, which is also rare in this class of models. Mercedes-Benz EQE’s front face "Night Star Array" closed grille complements the intelligent digital headlights with a lighting effect of 2.6 million pixels. The 3D penetrating spiral taillights continue the amazing lighting effect, and the 20-inch AMG aerodynamic wheel not only helps the battery life, but also highlights the dynamic temperament. It is equipped with EQ-specific projection themes of "electro-optical Shi Huo" and "meteor shower", and "electricity" illuminates every trip of the owner. The first special edition of 350 is decorated with the "EDITION ONE" logo and comes standard with night components, which is even more extraordinary.

Interior: luxury quality and texture are very good.

Mercedes-Benz EQE highlights the sense of technology and luxury in the interior design layout, which echoes the exterior design. The luxury cockpit of the new EQE fully mobilizes the multi-dimensional sensory experience-the 12.3-inch instrument screen from the S-class car and the 12.8-inch central control screen with the highest resolution of 210ppi, combined with the use of large-area walnut decorative panels, are particularly exquisite in visual effect. In addition, Mercedes-Benz EQE is also equipped with 64-color active ambient light, and the color of the light strip can change with the vehicle speed, creating a dynamic flow effect. Mercedes-Benz EQE is equipped with a full LCD instrument with a size of 12.3 inches. In addition to displaying rich driving data, it is also equipped with a variety of mode switching to present better visual effects and create more digital atmosphere for the interior.

Details: at your fingertips, advanced texture

Panoramic skylight with electric sunshade protects the cool inside of the car for drivers and passengers; No.6 sweet and bitter fragrance (equipped in the future) further demonstrates the luxurious atmosphere created by EQ family models; Listen to the ear, and the Burmester? Sound Surround Stereo System with 15 speakers makes two kinds of personalized analog sounds "sound" enter people’s hearts; In terms of the comfort of drivers and passengers, the seat of Mercedes-Benz EQE continues the comfort and luxury of Mercedes-Benz. The seat is covered with Nappa leather and matched with Paris nail-patterned solid buttons, which shows advanced texture; The ride feels spacious and soft, and the double-sided sound insulation glass in the front row makes the ride atmosphere more quiet and comfortable. Mercedes-Benz EQE has a number of practical storage spaces in the front and rear rows of the car, so people in the car can put things neatly at will to ensure the cleanliness of the car space as new.

The new EQE not only has surging power, but also creates outstanding driving quality in all directions with steady braking, flexible control and intelligent travel, making every journey full of pleasure.

Power: abundant power and long battery life: For electric vehicles, braking performance is closely related to kinetic energy recovery. On the basis of excellent braking performance, the new EQE provides four-speed kinetic energy recovery systems of D+, D, D- and D Auto. Among them, in the D Auto mode, the new EQE can intelligently adjust the kinetic energy recovery according to the driving state and driving mode of the vehicle, and even decelerate to a stop without using the brake pedal to ensure excellent braking effect of the vehicle at all times. In addition, Mercedes-Benz’s self-developed battery management system can reach a maximum of 128 kilowatts of DC charging (which can replenish the power from 10% to 80% within 48 minutes), greatly alleviating the "mileage anxiety" of pure trams.

Travel: rear wheel steering quality chassis The new EQE is equipped with four-link front suspension and multi-link rear suspension, and four-wheel independent suspension is supplemented by outstanding adjustment, which creates the chassis texture of Mercedes-Benz quality. The 350 prototype special edition comes standard with a rear wheel active steering system up to 10 degrees, and the turning diameter is as low as 10.7 meters, which gives the new EQE the flexibility comparable to that of a compact car. When the speed is less than 60 km/h, the rear wheel and the front wheel rotate in the opposite direction, and they can freely shuttle through the narrow roadway; When the speed exceeds 60 km/h, the rear wheel and the front wheel rotate in the same direction, and high-speed cornering or emergency lane change can be handled with equanimity; When the automatic parking function is turned on to drive out of the parking space, the front and rear wheels can also rotate at the same angle, so that the vehicle can walk out of the street in a "dressage".

People-oriented exclusive configuration of digital technology has been fully upgraded.

The new EQE inherits many people-oriented technology configurations of EQS, and at the same time, it also upgrades many exclusive configurations for the China market, in order to better meet the digital technology and localization functions of China customers’ usage habits and empower them for a better trip.

Zero-level operation scene push: The new EQE is equipped with a "zero-level interface", which always puts the core functions at the top of the desktop. Car owners can also log in individual user settings with fingerprints, open an efficient digital experience at the touch of their fingertips, and enjoy the convenience brought by many localized applications. In addition, the upgraded "mind-reading assistant" can intelligently push according to customers’ usage habits, and at the same time, it can realize domestic leading full-scene function recommendation, such as accepting Tencent video push at any time while waiting for parking and charging. The new EQE also supports wireless CarPlay screen projection function, which seamlessly projects the mobile phone interface in full screen, making the interaction more diverse and convenient.

Deep integration of customized navigation: The new EQE is equipped with high-tech customized navigation, and the functions of EQ optimized navigation, AR real-life crossing navigation and other aircraft are deeply integrated with the navigation system. AR real-life navigation can accurately distinguish the correct navigation entrance, and the navigation system can also accurately distinguish the parking floor, showing the brand temperature on the basis of technology. After the upgrade of "Mind-reading Voice Assistant", not only the intonation is more lifelike, but also the vehicle can recognize the combined instructions and listen to them in 15 seconds, and provide encyclopedia material interaction, so that voice control can open the world at any time.

Quiet, fresh and exclusive upgrade: The new EQE provides rear seats optimized for China customers, as well as front-row bilateral sound insulation glass and vehicle acoustic package as standard in China. It is also equipped with HEPA high-efficiency filtration system with a filtration effect of 99.75% in the "Changxin Air Shield", providing a cabin space that is always quiet and fresh. According to the localization needs of customers in China, the new EQE provides up to 10 local exclusive upgrade configurations, including rear gentleman function, rear central armrest, rear sunroof sunshade button, comfortable rear headrest, etc., so that every driver and passenger can enjoy exclusive luxury travel experience.

The new EQE is an important milestone on the road of Mercedes-Benz’s "all-electric" transformation, announcing the acceleration of the electrification process. As the 4 millionth car rolled off the production line in Beijing Benz factory, the new EQE was made in Shunyi factory. Beijing Benz Shunyi Factory strictly implements "Made in China, Global Quality" and has four characteristics: digitalization, flexibility, high efficiency and sustainability, and implements the enterprise’s sustainable development commitment and carbon-neutral production target. Beijing Benz Shunyi Factory reduces energy consumption through advanced production technologies and measures such as dry painting and ground source heat pump. Vigorously develop photovoltaic power generation and increase the proportion of self-made green energy; Beijing Benz also bought green electricity last year, becoming one of the first enterprises in Beijing to buy green electricity. The whole vehicle adopts a steel-aluminum hybrid body, and some structural parts of the body are made of 100% recyclable steel, effectively reducing the energy consumption output by 60%. Using more than 20% aluminum material can reduce the weight by 51.29 kg on the basis of ensuring structural strength, and NVH components can reduce the weight by about 14 kg on the basis of ensuring outstanding effect, further improving energy efficiency.

Although the test drive experience lasted only one day, Mercedes-Benz EQE left a deep impression on us in the actual driving. First of all, in terms of power output, Mercedes-Benz EQE feels linear output in economy and comfort mode, relaxed but not impatient, and can experience the smoothness of driving while driving. When switching to sports mode, with the personalized sound system, you can’t feel that this is a pure tram, with abundant power and sensitive acceleration. As a medium and large car with a length of nearly 5 meters and a wheelbase of more than 3 meters, the power steering and shock absorption adjustment of Mercedes-Benz EQE are very delicate, and the sense of stable control during steering is particularly practical, which can be seen as the heritage of an old luxury brand. After finely bumpy road sections, the chassis adjustment of Mercedes-Benz EQE makes us basically feel no vibration, but when passing through a large pothole road surface, the road feel will be clearer, but the front seats can absorb most of the vibration.

In addition, Mercedes-Benz EQE has added many practical functions in science and technology. For example, by integrating the real road with navigation tips through AR technology, we can clearly see the turn signs and street signs on the real road through the central control screen. This feeling is quite novel and interesting, and the guiding effect is very intuitive.

Mercedes-Benz EQE, which follows most designs and configurations of EQS, has done a remarkable job in appearance design, atmosphere creation, spatial layout, intelligent assistance and power adjustment. From this model, we can see the intention and determination of Mercedes-Benz, a luxury brand, in electric transformation.